Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease : report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease
Guy M. McKhann,David A. Drachman,Marshall F. Folstein,Robert Katzman,Donald L. Price,Emanuel M. Stadlan +5 more
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TLDR
The criteria proposed are intended to serve as a guide for the diagnosis of probable, possible, and definite Alzheimer's disease; these criteria will be revised as more definitive information becomes available.Abstract:
Clinical criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease include insidious onset and progressive impairment of memory and other cognitive functions. There are no motor, sensory, or coordination deficits early in the disease. The diagnosis cannot be determined by laboratory tests. These tests are important primarily in identifying other possible causes of dementia that must be excluded before the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease may be made with confidence. Neuropsychological tests provide confirmatory evidence of the diagnosis of dementia and help to assess the course and response to therapy. The criteria proposed are intended to serve as a guide for the diagnosis of probable, possible, and definite Alzheimer's disease; these criteria will be revised as more definitive information become available.read more
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Longitudinal study of the early neuropsychological and cerebral metabolic changes in dementia of the Alzheimer type
Cheryl L. Grady,James V. Haxby,Barry Horwitz,Magesh Sundaram,G. Berg,M. B. Schapiro,Robert P. Friedland,Stanley I. Rapoport +7 more
TL;DR: Memory deficits are the first neuropsychological impairments to occur in DAT, followed by problems with attention to complex cognitive sets and abstract reasoning, which are followed in turn by deficits in language and visuospatial abilities.
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Association Between Longitudinal Plasma Neurofilament Light and Neurodegeneration in Patients With Alzheimer Disease.
Niklas Mattsson,Nicholas C. Cullen,Nicholas C. Cullen,Ulf Andreasson,Ulf Andreasson,Henrik Zetterberg,Kaj Blennow,Kaj Blennow +7 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that plasma NfL can be used as a noninvasive biomarker associated with neurodegeneration in patients with AD and may be useful to monitor effects in trials of disease-modifying drugs.
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Observed Affect in Nursing Home Residents with Alzheimer's Disease
TL;DR: A method for assessing affect states among older people with Alzheimer's disease was developed for use in a study designed to evaluate a special care unit for such residents of a nursing home, although positive and negative affect were correlated, rather than independent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observations in a preliminary open trial of estradiol therapy for senile dementia-Alzheimer's type.
Howard Fillit,Herman Weinreb,Ina N. Cholst,Victoria N. Luine,Bruce S. McEwen,Roberto Amador,John B. Zabriskie +6 more
TL;DR: The occurrence of osteoporosis in the estrogen-responsive group suggests that SDAT in some women may be associated with or related to a systemic estrogen deficiency state, but the current risk to benefit ratio precludes the routine clinical use of estrogen for dementia until careful clinical research trials have been performed.
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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.
Christine A. Szekely,Jennifer E. Thorne,Peter P. Zandi,Mats Ek,Erick Messias,John C.S. Breitner,Steven N. Goodman +6 more
TL;DR: Based on analysis of prospective and nonprospective studies, NSAID exposure was associated with decreased risk of Alzheimer’s disease, and an issue that requires further exploration in future trials or observational studies is the temporal relationship betweenNSAID exposure and protection against Alzheimer's disease.
References
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“Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
TL;DR: The Mini-Mental State (MMS) as mentioned in this paper is a simplified version of the standard WAIS with eleven questions and requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
Journal ArticleDOI
Studies of illness in the aged. the index of adl: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function.
TL;DR: The Index of ADL as discussed by the authors was developed to study results of treatment and prognosis in the elderly and chronically ill. Grades of the Index summarize over-all performance in bathing, dressing, going to toilet, transferring, continence, and feeding.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of a Rating Scale for Primary Depressive Illness
TL;DR: This is an account of further work on a rating scale for depressive states, including a detailed discussion on the general problems of comparing successive samples from a ‘population’, the meaning of factor scores, and the other results obtained.
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Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living
M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
TL;DR: Two scales first standardized on their own population are presented, one of which taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence, and the other taps a schema of competence into which these behaviors fit.