Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease : report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease
Guy M. McKhann,David A. Drachman,Marshall F. Folstein,Robert Katzman,Donald L. Price,Emanuel M. Stadlan +5 more
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TLDR
The criteria proposed are intended to serve as a guide for the diagnosis of probable, possible, and definite Alzheimer's disease; these criteria will be revised as more definitive information becomes available.Abstract:
Clinical criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease include insidious onset and progressive impairment of memory and other cognitive functions. There are no motor, sensory, or coordination deficits early in the disease. The diagnosis cannot be determined by laboratory tests. These tests are important primarily in identifying other possible causes of dementia that must be excluded before the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease may be made with confidence. Neuropsychological tests provide confirmatory evidence of the diagnosis of dementia and help to assess the course and response to therapy. The criteria proposed are intended to serve as a guide for the diagnosis of probable, possible, and definite Alzheimer's disease; these criteria will be revised as more definitive information become available.read more
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Glucose Levels and Risk of Dementia
Paul K. Crane,Rod L. Walker,Rebecca A. Hubbard,Ge Li,David M. Nathan,Hui Zheng,Sebastien Haneuse,Suzanne Craft,Thomas J. Montine,Steven E. Kahn,Wayne C. McCormick,Susan M. McCurry,James D. Bowen,Eric B. Larson +13 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that higher glucose levels may be a risk factor for dementia, even among persons without diabetes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physical Activity, APOE Genotype, and Dementia Risk: Findings from the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study
Laura Jean Podewils,Eliseo Guallar,Lewis H. Kuller,Linda P. Fried,Oscar L. Lopez,Michelle C. Carlson,Constantine G. Lyketsos +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a prospective study to determine the association between physical activity and risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia, and found that participants in the highest quartile of physical energy expenditure had a relative risk for dementia of 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.61, 1.19).
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors forecasted the prevalence of dementia attributable to the three dementia risk factors included in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 (high body-mass index, high fasting plasma glucose, and smoking) from 2019 to 2050, using relative risks and forecasted risk factor prevalence to predict GBD risk-attributable prevalence in 2050 globally and by world region and country.
Journal ArticleDOI
Incidence and outcome of mild cognitive impairment in a population-based prospective cohort
Sophie Larrieu,Luc Letenneur,Jean-Marc Orgogozo,Colette Fabrigoule,Hélène Amieva,N Le Carret,Pascale Barberger-Gateau,J. F. Dartigues +7 more
TL;DR: MCI was a good predictor of AD with an annual conversion rate of 8.3% and a good specificity, but it was very unstable over time: Within 2 to 3 years, only 6% of the subjects continued to have MCI, whereas >40% reverted to normal.
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Upregulation of choline acetyltransferase activity in hippocampus and frontal cortex of elderly subjects with mild cognitive impairment.
Steven T. DeKosky,Milos D. Ikonomovic,Scot D. Styren,Laurel A. Beckett,Stephen R. Wisniewski,David A. Bennett,Elizabeth J. Cochran,Jeffrey H. Kordower,Elliott J. Mufson +8 more
TL;DR: Cognitive deficits in MCI and early AD are not associated with the loss of ChAT and occur despite regionally specific upregulation, suggesting that the earliest cognitive deficits in AD involve brain changes other than simply cholinergic system loss.
References
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Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
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Development of a Rating Scale for Primary Depressive Illness
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M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
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