Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease : report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease
Guy M. McKhann,David A. Drachman,Marshall F. Folstein,Robert Katzman,Donald L. Price,Emanuel M. Stadlan +5 more
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TLDR
The criteria proposed are intended to serve as a guide for the diagnosis of probable, possible, and definite Alzheimer's disease; these criteria will be revised as more definitive information becomes available.Abstract:
Clinical criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease include insidious onset and progressive impairment of memory and other cognitive functions. There are no motor, sensory, or coordination deficits early in the disease. The diagnosis cannot be determined by laboratory tests. These tests are important primarily in identifying other possible causes of dementia that must be excluded before the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease may be made with confidence. Neuropsychological tests provide confirmatory evidence of the diagnosis of dementia and help to assess the course and response to therapy. The criteria proposed are intended to serve as a guide for the diagnosis of probable, possible, and definite Alzheimer's disease; these criteria will be revised as more definitive information become available.read more
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Leisure Activities and the Risk of Dementia in the Elderly
Joe Verghese,Richard B. Lipton,Mindy J. Katz,Charles B. Hall,Carol A. Derby,Gail Kuslansky,Anne Felicia Ambrose,Martin J. Sliwinski,Herman Buschke +8 more
TL;DR: Among leisure activities, reading, playing board games, playing musical instruments, and dancing were associated with a reduced risk of dementia, and increased participation in cognitive activities at base line was associated with reduced rates of decline in memory.
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Is caregiving hazardous to one's physical health? A meta-analysis.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors combined the results of 23 studies to compare the physical health of caregivers with demographically similar non-caregivers, and found that caregivers exhibited a slightly greater risk for health problems than did non caregivers, however, sex and the health category assessed moderated this relationship.
Journal ArticleDOI
Midlife vascular risk factors and Alzheimer's disease in later life: longitudinal, population based study.
Miia Kivipelto,Eeva-Liisa Helkala,Mikko P. Laakso,Tuomo Hänninen,Merja Hallikainen,Kari Alhainen,Hilkka Soininen,Jaakko Tuomilehto,Aulikki Nissinen +8 more
TL;DR: Raised systolic blood pressure and high serum cholesterol concentration, and in particular the combination of these risks, in midlife increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease in later life.
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Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS): Cross-sectional MRI Data in Young, Middle Aged, Nondemented, and Demented Older Adults
Daniel S. Marcus,Tracy H. Wang,Jamie Parker,John G. Csernansky,John C. Morris,Randy L. Buckner +5 more
TL;DR: Automated calculation of whole-brain volume and estimated total intracranial volume are presented to demonstrate use of the data for measuring differences associated with normal aging and Alzheimer's disease.
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Mixed brain pathologies account for most dementia cases in community-dwelling older persons
TL;DR: The majority of community-dwelling older persons have brain pathology, and those with dementia most often have multiple brain pathologies, which greatly increases the odds of dementia.
References
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“Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
TL;DR: The Mini-Mental State (MMS) as mentioned in this paper is a simplified version of the standard WAIS with eleven questions and requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
Journal ArticleDOI
Studies of illness in the aged. the index of adl: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function.
TL;DR: The Index of ADL as discussed by the authors was developed to study results of treatment and prognosis in the elderly and chronically ill. Grades of the Index summarize over-all performance in bathing, dressing, going to toilet, transferring, continence, and feeding.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of a Rating Scale for Primary Depressive Illness
TL;DR: This is an account of further work on a rating scale for depressive states, including a detailed discussion on the general problems of comparing successive samples from a ‘population’, the meaning of factor scores, and the other results obtained.
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Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living
M. P. Lawton,Elmne M. Brody +1 more
TL;DR: Two scales first standardized on their own population are presented, one of which taps a level of functioning heretofore inadequately represented in attempts to assess everyday functional competence, and the other taps a schema of competence into which these behaviors fit.