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DNA Methylation and Its Basic Function

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TLDR
The investigation into DNA methylation continues to show a rich and complex picture about epigenetic gene regulation in the central nervous system and provides possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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This article is published in Neuropsychopharmacology.The article was published on 2013-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 2399 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: RNA-Directed DNA Methylation & DNA methylation.

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Exercise for osteoporosis: A literature review of pathology and mechanism

TL;DR: The possible pathological mechanisms of OP are reviewed and summarized the effects of exercise on bone metabolism, and the mechanisms by which exercise alleviates the progression of OP, to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of OP.
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Molecular and epigenetic modes of Fumonisin B1 mediated toxicity and carcinogenesis and detoxification strategies

TL;DR: Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a natural contaminant of agricultural commodities that has displayed a myriad of toxicities in animals and is known to be a hepatorenal carcinogen in rodents.
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Rapid and specific hypomethylation of enhancers in endothelial cells during adaptation to cell culturing

TL;DR: A rapid hypomethylation of CpG sites in enhancer elements during the early stages of cell culturing is revealed, indicating, for the first time, that dynamic enhancer methylation may be central in regulating this important stroke-associated gene.
Dissertation

Evaluating the role of social attention in the causal path to Autism Spectrum Disorder

Anna Gui
TL;DR: The evidence for the hypothesis that early disruptions in social attention are involved in the causal pathway to Autism Spectrum Disorder is evaluated, pointing to neural and behavioural atypicalities at critical time points as promising targets for cognitive and affective interventions.
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Non-CpG methylation—a key epigenetic modification in cancer

TL;DR: In this paper, a review sheds light on the possible mechanism of non-CpG methylation in embryos and developed tissues with a special focus on cancer development and progression and its functional role in cancer.
References
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DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are essential for de novo methylation and mammalian development.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that two recently identified DNA methyltransferases, DnMT3a and Dnmt3b, are essential for de novo methylation and for mouse development and play important roles in normal development and disease.
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Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior.

TL;DR: It is shown that an epigenomic state of a gene can be established through behavioral programming, and it is potentially reversible, suggesting a causal relation among epigenomicState, GR expression and the maternal effect on stress responses in the offspring.
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Conversion of 5-Methylcytosine to 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Mammalian DNA by MLL Partner TET1

TL;DR: It is shown here that TET1, a fusion partner of the MLL gene in acute myeloid leukemia, is a 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)- and Fe(II)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes conversion of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) in cultured cells and in vitro.
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Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in X-linked MECP2, encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2.

TL;DR: This study reports the first disease-causing mutations in RTT and points to abnormal epigenetic regulation as the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of RTT.
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Human DNA methylomes at base resolution show widespread epigenomic differences

TL;DR: The first genome-wide, single-base-resolution maps of methylated cytosines in a mammalian genome, from both human embryonic stem cells and fetal fibroblasts, along with comparative analysis of messenger RNA and small RNA components of the transcriptome, several histone modifications, and sites of DNA-protein interaction for several key regulatory factors were presented in this article.
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