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DNA Methylation and Its Basic Function

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TLDR
The investigation into DNA methylation continues to show a rich and complex picture about epigenetic gene regulation in the central nervous system and provides possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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This article is published in Neuropsychopharmacology.The article was published on 2013-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 2399 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: RNA-Directed DNA Methylation & DNA methylation.

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Citations
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Highly sensitive detection of DNA methylation levels by using a quantum dot-based FRET method

TL;DR: The QD-based FRET method is a convenient, continuous and high-throughput method, and is expected to be an alternative for detecting DNA methylation as a biomarker for certain human cancers.
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The Netrin-1/DCC guidance cue pathway as a molecular target in depression: Translational evidence

TL;DR: Evidence derived from mouse models of stress and from human postmortem brain and genome-wide association studies indicating an association between the Netrin-1/DCC pathway and major depressive disorder are discussed.
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Identifying the wide diversity of extraterrestrial purine and pyrimidine nucleobases in carbonaceous meteorites

TL;DR: In this article , the authors reported the detection of nucleobases in three carbonaceous meteorites using state-of-the-art analytical techniques optimized for small-scale quantification of nucleabases down to the range of parts per trillion.
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DNMT1 modulates interneuron morphology by regulating Pak6 expression through crosstalk with histone modifications.

TL;DR: It is shown that in addition to its DNA methylating activity, DNMT1 can act on gene transcription by modulating permissive H3K4 and repressive H3k27 trimethylation in developing inhibitory interneurons, similar to what was found in other cell types.
Journal ArticleDOI

Alzheimer's Disorder: Epigenetic Connection and Associated Risk Factors.

TL;DR: The gene based therapeutics and drug targets have shown incredible and appreciable advances in alleviating human sufferings and complexities and epigenetic processes have shown vast potential as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are essential for de novo methylation and mammalian development.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that two recently identified DNA methyltransferases, DnMT3a and Dnmt3b, are essential for de novo methylation and for mouse development and play important roles in normal development and disease.
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Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior.

TL;DR: It is shown that an epigenomic state of a gene can be established through behavioral programming, and it is potentially reversible, suggesting a causal relation among epigenomicState, GR expression and the maternal effect on stress responses in the offspring.
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Conversion of 5-Methylcytosine to 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Mammalian DNA by MLL Partner TET1

TL;DR: It is shown here that TET1, a fusion partner of the MLL gene in acute myeloid leukemia, is a 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)- and Fe(II)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes conversion of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) in cultured cells and in vitro.
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Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in X-linked MECP2, encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2.

TL;DR: This study reports the first disease-causing mutations in RTT and points to abnormal epigenetic regulation as the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of RTT.
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Human DNA methylomes at base resolution show widespread epigenomic differences

TL;DR: The first genome-wide, single-base-resolution maps of methylated cytosines in a mammalian genome, from both human embryonic stem cells and fetal fibroblasts, along with comparative analysis of messenger RNA and small RNA components of the transcriptome, several histone modifications, and sites of DNA-protein interaction for several key regulatory factors were presented in this article.
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