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DNA Methylation and Its Basic Function

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TLDR
The investigation into DNA methylation continues to show a rich and complex picture about epigenetic gene regulation in the central nervous system and provides possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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This article is published in Neuropsychopharmacology.The article was published on 2013-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 2399 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: RNA-Directed DNA Methylation & DNA methylation.

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Citations
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DNA methylation mediated RSPO2 to promote follicular development in mammals.

TL;DR: In this paper, the DNA methylation and RSPO2 gene of Wnt signaling pathway have been reported to involve in the survival of granulosa cells and follicular development.
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N6-Methyladenosine Regulators Promote Malignant Progression of Gastric Adenocarcinoma

TL;DR: This study comprehensively analyzed the m6A modification patterns of gastric adenocarcinoma specimens in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and found that 20 m5-methyladenosine RNA methylation regulators were high-expressed in gastric cancer.
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Mechanisms used by DNA MMR system to cope with Cadmium-induced DNA damage in plants.

TL;DR: This review systematically illustrate how the plant DNA MMR system works in a Cd-induced DDR, and how MMR genes regulate plant tolerance to Cd, and also reviewed multiple epigenetic regulation systems acting on MMR genes under stress.
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Blood leukocyte LINE-1 hypomethylation and oxidative stress in knee osteoarthritis.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that LINE-1 hypomethylation in blood leukocytes was associated with increased risk and radiographic severity of knee OA, and increased synovial fluid 8–OHdG levels were observed in knee O a patients.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are essential for de novo methylation and mammalian development.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that two recently identified DNA methyltransferases, DnMT3a and Dnmt3b, are essential for de novo methylation and for mouse development and play important roles in normal development and disease.
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Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior.

TL;DR: It is shown that an epigenomic state of a gene can be established through behavioral programming, and it is potentially reversible, suggesting a causal relation among epigenomicState, GR expression and the maternal effect on stress responses in the offspring.
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Conversion of 5-Methylcytosine to 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Mammalian DNA by MLL Partner TET1

TL;DR: It is shown here that TET1, a fusion partner of the MLL gene in acute myeloid leukemia, is a 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)- and Fe(II)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes conversion of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) in cultured cells and in vitro.
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Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in X-linked MECP2, encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2.

TL;DR: This study reports the first disease-causing mutations in RTT and points to abnormal epigenetic regulation as the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of RTT.
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Human DNA methylomes at base resolution show widespread epigenomic differences

TL;DR: The first genome-wide, single-base-resolution maps of methylated cytosines in a mammalian genome, from both human embryonic stem cells and fetal fibroblasts, along with comparative analysis of messenger RNA and small RNA components of the transcriptome, several histone modifications, and sites of DNA-protein interaction for several key regulatory factors were presented in this article.
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