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From neural development to cognition: unexpected roles for chromatin

Jehnna L. Ronan, +2 more
- 01 May 2013 - 
- Vol. 14, Iss: 5, pp 347-359
TLDR
Interestingly, mutations in EZH2 and certain BAF complex components have roles in both neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer, and overlapping point mutations are suggesting functionally important residues and domains.
Abstract
Recent genome-sequencing studies in human neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders have revealed mutations in chromatin-modifying enzymes, such as chromatin remodellers and histone-modifying enzymes. Such studies are improving our understanding of the roles of these modifiers in human neurodevelopment, and this article discusses the emerging roles for several of these enzymes in development and disease.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Further delineation of the SATB2 phenotype

TL;DR: A new clinically recognizable syndrome is proposed – the SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS) which is likely to be underdiagnosed and should be considered in children with ID, severe speech delay, cleft or high-arched palate and abnormal dentition with crowded and irregularly shaped teeth.
Journal ArticleDOI

The chromatin basis of neurodevelopmental disorders: Rethinking dysfunction along the molecular and temporal axes.

TL;DR: A conceptual investigation of chromatin dysfunction in NDDs is undertaken with the aim of systematizing the available evidence in a new framework and teasing out the developmental vulnerabilities in human corticogenesis as a structuring entry point into the causation of N DDs.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome

TL;DR: The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements project provides new insights into the organization and regulation of the authors' genes and genome, and is an expansive resource of functional annotations for biomedical research.
Journal ArticleDOI

Translating the Histone Code

TL;DR: It is proposed that this epigenetic marking system represents a fundamental regulatory mechanism that has an impact on most, if not all, chromatin-templated processes, with far-reaching consequences for cell fate decisions and both normal and pathological development.
Journal ArticleDOI

Functions of DNA methylation: islands, start sites, gene bodies and beyond

TL;DR: Improved genome-scale mapping of methylation allows us to evaluate DNA methylation in different genomic contexts: transcriptional start sites with or without CpG islands, in gene bodies, at regulatory elements and at repeat sequences.
Journal ArticleDOI

Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in X-linked MECP2, encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2.

TL;DR: This study reports the first disease-causing mutations in RTT and points to abnormal epigenetic regulation as the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of RTT.
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