Repair of strand breaks by homologous recombination.
Maria Jasin,Rodney Rothstein +1 more
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TLDR
The enzymology of the process is discussed, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells, and a historical context for the current view of HR is provided and how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other D SB repair pathways are described.Abstract:
In this review, we discuss the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) using a homologous DNA sequence (i.e., homologous recombination [HR]), focusing mainly on yeast and mammals. We provide a historical context for the current view of HR and describe how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other DSB repair pathways. We discuss the enzymology of the process, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells. Whenever possible, we cite both original articles and reviews to aid the reader for further studies.read more
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Structural Chromosome Instability: Types, Origins, Consequences, and Therapeutic Opportunities.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the possible fates of cells containing structural CIN, focusing on how a few cell duplication cycles suffice to induce profound CIN-mediated genome alterations, and discuss currently proposed strategies to either avoid or enhance CIN to a level that is no longer compatible with cell survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
The RecQ helicase Sgs1 drives ATP-dependent disruption of Rad51 filaments.
J. Brooks Crickard,Chaoyou Xue,Weibin Wang,Weibin Wang,Youngho Kwon,Youngho Kwon,Patrick Sung,Patrick Sung,Eric C. Greene +8 more
TL;DR: Surprisingly, it is found that Sgs1 utilizes a novel motor mechanism for disrupting ssDNA intermediates bound by the recombinase protein Rad51, which may explain some of the defects engendered by RECQ helicase deficiencies in human cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effective CRISPR/Cas9-mediated correction of a Fanconi anemia defect by error-prone end joining or templated repair.
Henri J van de Vrugt,Henri J van de Vrugt,Tim Harmsen,Joey Riepsaame,Georgina Alexantya,Saskia E. van Mil,Yne de Vries,Rahmen Bin Ali,Ivo J. Huijbers,Josephine C. Dorsman,Rob M. F. Wolthuis,Hein te Riele +11 more
TL;DR: It is revealed that gene editing could effectively restore Fancf function via error-prone end joining resulting in a 27% increased survival in the presence of mitomycin C and Cas9 nickase activity resulted in mono-allelic gene editing and avoidance of undesired mutagenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Homologous Recombination-Based Genome Editing by Clade F AAVs Is Inefficient in the Absence of a Targeted DNA Break
TL;DR: The results do not support that clade F AAVs can perform high-efficiency genome editing in the absence of a DSB, and there are no differences in the ability of donor sequences delivered by the different vectors to direct genome editing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rad52, Maestro of Inverse Strand Exchange
Youngho Kwon,Patrick Sung +1 more
TL;DR: How the Rad52 protein mediates RNA-dependent DNA double-strand break repair via inverse strand exchange is described, which sheds light on how eukaryotes utilize RNA to repair chromosome breaks.
References
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A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity.
Martin Jinek,Krzysztof Chylinski,Krzysztof Chylinski,Ines Fonfara,Michael H. Hauer,Jennifer A. Doudna,Emmanuelle Charpentier +6 more
TL;DR: This study reveals a family of endonucleases that use dual-RNAs for site-specific DNA cleavage and highlights the potential to exploit the system for RNA-programmable genome editing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,Le Cong,F. Ann Ran,F. Ann Ran,David M. Cox,David M. Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +15 more
TL;DR: The type II prokaryotic CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas adaptive immune system has been shown to facilitate RNA-guided site-specific DNA cleavage as discussed by the authors.
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,F. A. Ran,David Benjamin Turitz Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +10 more
TL;DR: Two different type II CRISPR/Cas systems are engineered and it is demonstrated that Cas9 nucleases can be directed by short RNAs to induce precise cleavage at endogenous genomic loci in human and mouse cells, demonstrating easy programmability and wide applicability of the RNA-guided nuclease technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNA-Guided Human Genome Engineering via Cas9
Prashant Mali,Luhan Yang,Kevin M. Esvelt,John Aach,Marc Güell,James E. DiCarlo,Julie E. Norville,George M. Church,George M. Church +8 more
TL;DR: The type II bacterial CRISPR system is engineer to function with custom guide RNA (gRNA) in human cells to establish an RNA-guided editing tool for facile, robust, and multiplexable human genome engineering.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient genome editing in zebrafish using a CRISPR-Cas system
Woong Y. Hwang,Yanfang Fu,Deepak Reyon,Morgan L. Maeder,Shengdar Q. Tsai,Jeffry D. Sander,Randall T. Peterson,Randall T. Peterson,Jing-Ruey J. Yeh,J. Keith Joung +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the CRISPR-Cas system functions in vivo to induce targeted genetic modifications in zebrafish embryos with efficiencies similar to those obtained using zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases.