Repair of strand breaks by homologous recombination.
Maria Jasin,Rodney Rothstein +1 more
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TLDR
The enzymology of the process is discussed, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells, and a historical context for the current view of HR is provided and how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other D SB repair pathways are described.Abstract:
In this review, we discuss the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) using a homologous DNA sequence (i.e., homologous recombination [HR]), focusing mainly on yeast and mammals. We provide a historical context for the current view of HR and describe how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other DSB repair pathways. We discuss the enzymology of the process, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells. Whenever possible, we cite both original articles and reviews to aid the reader for further studies.read more
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20 years of DNA Polymerase μ, the polymerase that still surprises.
TL;DR: A brief overview of Pol μ in double‐strand break repair and the current knowledge on its various functional aspects is provided.
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Thirdhand Smoke Exposure Causes Replication Stress and Impaired Transcription in Human Lung Cells
Altaf H. Sarker,Kelly S. Trego,Weiguo Zhang,Peyton Jacob,Antoine M. Snijders,Jian-Hua Mao,Suzaynn F. Schick,Priscilla K. Cooper,Bo Hang +8 more
TL;DR: The adverse impact on both replication and transcription supports genotoxic stress as a result of THS exposure, with important implications for both cancer and other diseases.
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Loss of Pol32 in Drosophila melanogaster causes chromosome instability and suppresses variegation.
Patrizia Tritto,Valeria Palumbo,Lucia Micale,Marco Marzulli,Maria Pia Bozzetti,Valeria Specchia,G. Palumbo,Sergio Pimpinelli,Maria Berloco +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that Pol32 plays an essential role in promoting genome stability and it is found that pol32 mutantssuppress position effect variegation is found, suggesting a role for Pol32 in chromatin architecture.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multi-pathway DNA-repair reporters reveal competition between end-joining, single-strand annealing and homologous recombination at Cas9-induced DNA double-strand breaks
TL;DR: In this article , three fluorescent Cas9-based DSB-Spectrum reporters were constructed and validated, which simultaneously quantify the contribution of multiple DNA repair pathways at a DSB, and showed that inhibiting the c-NHEJ factor DNA-PKcs increases repair by HR, but also substantially increases mutagenic SSA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Local nucleosome dynamics and eviction following a double-strand break are reversible by NHEJ-mediated repair in the absence of DNA replication.
Vinay Tripuraneni,Gonen Memisoglu,Heather K. MacAlpine,Trung Q. Tran,Wei Zhu,Alexander J. Hartemink,James E. Haber,David M. MacAlpine +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the spatiotemporal order of chromatin changes that occur immediately following a site-specific double-strand break (DSB) upstream of the PHO5 locus and its subsequent repair by nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) was investigated.
References
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A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity.
Martin Jinek,Krzysztof Chylinski,Krzysztof Chylinski,Ines Fonfara,Michael H. Hauer,Jennifer A. Doudna,Emmanuelle Charpentier +6 more
TL;DR: This study reveals a family of endonucleases that use dual-RNAs for site-specific DNA cleavage and highlights the potential to exploit the system for RNA-programmable genome editing.
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Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,Le Cong,F. Ann Ran,F. Ann Ran,David M. Cox,David M. Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +15 more
TL;DR: The type II prokaryotic CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas adaptive immune system has been shown to facilitate RNA-guided site-specific DNA cleavage as discussed by the authors.
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,F. A. Ran,David Benjamin Turitz Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +10 more
TL;DR: Two different type II CRISPR/Cas systems are engineered and it is demonstrated that Cas9 nucleases can be directed by short RNAs to induce precise cleavage at endogenous genomic loci in human and mouse cells, demonstrating easy programmability and wide applicability of the RNA-guided nuclease technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNA-Guided Human Genome Engineering via Cas9
Prashant Mali,Luhan Yang,Kevin M. Esvelt,John Aach,Marc Güell,James E. DiCarlo,Julie E. Norville,George M. Church,George M. Church +8 more
TL;DR: The type II bacterial CRISPR system is engineer to function with custom guide RNA (gRNA) in human cells to establish an RNA-guided editing tool for facile, robust, and multiplexable human genome engineering.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient genome editing in zebrafish using a CRISPR-Cas system
Woong Y. Hwang,Yanfang Fu,Deepak Reyon,Morgan L. Maeder,Shengdar Q. Tsai,Jeffry D. Sander,Randall T. Peterson,Randall T. Peterson,Jing-Ruey J. Yeh,J. Keith Joung +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the CRISPR-Cas system functions in vivo to induce targeted genetic modifications in zebrafish embryos with efficiencies similar to those obtained using zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases.