Repair of strand breaks by homologous recombination.
Maria Jasin,Rodney Rothstein +1 more
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TLDR
The enzymology of the process is discussed, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells, and a historical context for the current view of HR is provided and how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other D SB repair pathways are described.Abstract:
In this review, we discuss the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) using a homologous DNA sequence (i.e., homologous recombination [HR]), focusing mainly on yeast and mammals. We provide a historical context for the current view of HR and describe how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other DSB repair pathways. We discuss the enzymology of the process, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells. Whenever possible, we cite both original articles and reviews to aid the reader for further studies.read more
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CDYL1 fosters double-strand break-induced transcription silencing and promotes homology-directed repair.
TL;DR: The findings identifyCDYL1 as a new component of the DDR and suggest that the HDR-defective 'BRCAness' phenotype of CDYL1-deficient cells could be exploited for eradicating cancer cells harboring CDyl1 mutations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Long Terminal Repeats of Retrotransposons in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Henrik Møller,Camilla Eggert Larsen,Lance Parsons,Anders J. Hansen,Birgitte Regenberg,Tobias Mourier +5 more
TL;DR: Recombination junctions are detected that are consistent with yeast Ty eccDNAs being generated through recombination events within the genome, opening the possibility that retrotransposable elements could move around in the genome without an RNA intermediate directly through DNA circularization.
Journal ArticleDOI
May I Cut in? Gene Editing Approaches in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
TL;DR: This review describes the emergence of technologies including zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN), transcription activator-like effectors (TALEN), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 that can be used to edit the genome at precise locations, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each of these technologies.
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA damage responses in ageing.
TL;DR: The role of cellular and systemic mechanisms of ageing and their role in ageing-associated diseases are discussed and may become therapeutic targets of therapies aimed at extending the healthy lifespan.
Journal ArticleDOI
MCL-1 Depletion Impairs DNA Double-Strand Break Repair and Reinitiation of Stalled DNA Replication Forks.
Abid R. Mattoo,Raj K. Pandita,Sharmistha Chakraborty,Vijaya Kumar Charaka,Kalpana Mujoo,Clayton R. Hunt,Tej K. Pandita +6 more
TL;DR: The present data support a model whereby MCL-1 depletion increases 53BP1 and RIF1 colocalization at D SBs, which inhibits BRCA1 recruitment, and sensitizes cells to DSBs from IR or stalled replication forks that require HR for repair.
References
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A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity.
Martin Jinek,Krzysztof Chylinski,Krzysztof Chylinski,Ines Fonfara,Michael H. Hauer,Jennifer A. Doudna,Emmanuelle Charpentier +6 more
TL;DR: This study reveals a family of endonucleases that use dual-RNAs for site-specific DNA cleavage and highlights the potential to exploit the system for RNA-programmable genome editing.
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Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,Le Cong,F. Ann Ran,F. Ann Ran,David M. Cox,David M. Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +15 more
TL;DR: The type II prokaryotic CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas adaptive immune system has been shown to facilitate RNA-guided site-specific DNA cleavage as discussed by the authors.
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,F. A. Ran,David Benjamin Turitz Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +10 more
TL;DR: Two different type II CRISPR/Cas systems are engineered and it is demonstrated that Cas9 nucleases can be directed by short RNAs to induce precise cleavage at endogenous genomic loci in human and mouse cells, demonstrating easy programmability and wide applicability of the RNA-guided nuclease technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNA-Guided Human Genome Engineering via Cas9
Prashant Mali,Luhan Yang,Kevin M. Esvelt,John Aach,Marc Güell,James E. DiCarlo,Julie E. Norville,George M. Church,George M. Church +8 more
TL;DR: The type II bacterial CRISPR system is engineer to function with custom guide RNA (gRNA) in human cells to establish an RNA-guided editing tool for facile, robust, and multiplexable human genome engineering.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient genome editing in zebrafish using a CRISPR-Cas system
Woong Y. Hwang,Yanfang Fu,Deepak Reyon,Morgan L. Maeder,Shengdar Q. Tsai,Jeffry D. Sander,Randall T. Peterson,Randall T. Peterson,Jing-Ruey J. Yeh,J. Keith Joung +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the CRISPR-Cas system functions in vivo to induce targeted genetic modifications in zebrafish embryos with efficiencies similar to those obtained using zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases.