Repair of strand breaks by homologous recombination.
Maria Jasin,Rodney Rothstein +1 more
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TLDR
The enzymology of the process is discussed, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells, and a historical context for the current view of HR is provided and how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other D SB repair pathways are described.Abstract:
In this review, we discuss the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) using a homologous DNA sequence (i.e., homologous recombination [HR]), focusing mainly on yeast and mammals. We provide a historical context for the current view of HR and describe how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other DSB repair pathways. We discuss the enzymology of the process, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells. Whenever possible, we cite both original articles and reviews to aid the reader for further studies.read more
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DNA damage-induced inflammation and nuclear architecture.
TL;DR: How DNA damage-induced immune responses operate within chromatin and the distinct sub-nuclear compartments highlighting their relevance to chronic inflammation is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generation of β-lactoglobulin-modified transgenic goats by homologous recombination.
Hongmei Zhu,Linyong Hu,Linyong Hu,Jun Liu,Huatao Chen,Chenchen Cui,Yujie Song,Yaping Jin,Yong Zhang +8 more
TL;DR: The results of this study support the development of gene‐targeted animals as an effective tool for reducing allergic reactions to milk and improving nutrition.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of DNA damage response in chemo- and radio-resistance of cancer cells: Can DDR inhibitors sole the problem?
Fatemeh Sadoughi,Liaosadat Mirsafaei,Parisa Maleki Dana,Jamal Hallajzadeh,Zatollah Asemi,Mohammad Ali Mansournia,Majid Montazer,Mohammad Hosseinpour,Bahman Yousefi +8 more
TL;DR: The DNA damage response (DDR) is a set of mechanisms which identifies DNA lesions and triggers the repair process for restoring DNA after causing an arrest in the cell cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
EXO1 suppresses double-strand break induced homologous recombination between diverged sequences in mammalian cells.
Chun Chin Chen,Elena Avdievich,Yongwei Zhang,Yu Zhang,Kaichun Wei,Kyeryoung Lee,Winfried Edelmann,Maria Jasin,Jeannine R. LaRocque,Jeannine R. LaRocque +9 more
TL;DR: HR between diverged sequences was substantially increased in Exo1-/- cells although to a lesser extent than seen in Msh2- +/- cells, indicating that like canonical MMR proteins, EXO1 can restrain aberrant HR events between diverging sequence elements in the genome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gene editing and its applications in biomedicine
Guanglei Li,Xiangyang Li,Songkuan Zhuang,Liren Wang,Yifan Zhu,Yangcan Chen,Wen Sun,Zeguang Wu,Zhuo Zhou,Jia Chen,Xingxu Huang,Jing Wang,Dali Li,Wei Li,Haoyi Wang,Wensheng Wei +15 more
TL;DR: The steady progress in genome editing, especially genome editing based on the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and programmable nucleases to make precise modifications to genetic material, has provided enormous opportunities to advance biomedical research and promote human health as mentioned in this paper .
References
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A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity.
Martin Jinek,Krzysztof Chylinski,Krzysztof Chylinski,Ines Fonfara,Michael H. Hauer,Jennifer A. Doudna,Emmanuelle Charpentier +6 more
TL;DR: This study reveals a family of endonucleases that use dual-RNAs for site-specific DNA cleavage and highlights the potential to exploit the system for RNA-programmable genome editing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,Le Cong,F. Ann Ran,F. Ann Ran,David M. Cox,David M. Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +15 more
TL;DR: The type II prokaryotic CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas adaptive immune system has been shown to facilitate RNA-guided site-specific DNA cleavage as discussed by the authors.
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,F. A. Ran,David Benjamin Turitz Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +10 more
TL;DR: Two different type II CRISPR/Cas systems are engineered and it is demonstrated that Cas9 nucleases can be directed by short RNAs to induce precise cleavage at endogenous genomic loci in human and mouse cells, demonstrating easy programmability and wide applicability of the RNA-guided nuclease technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNA-Guided Human Genome Engineering via Cas9
Prashant Mali,Luhan Yang,Kevin M. Esvelt,John Aach,Marc Güell,James E. DiCarlo,Julie E. Norville,George M. Church,George M. Church +8 more
TL;DR: The type II bacterial CRISPR system is engineer to function with custom guide RNA (gRNA) in human cells to establish an RNA-guided editing tool for facile, robust, and multiplexable human genome engineering.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient genome editing in zebrafish using a CRISPR-Cas system
Woong Y. Hwang,Yanfang Fu,Deepak Reyon,Morgan L. Maeder,Shengdar Q. Tsai,Jeffry D. Sander,Randall T. Peterson,Randall T. Peterson,Jing-Ruey J. Yeh,J. Keith Joung +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the CRISPR-Cas system functions in vivo to induce targeted genetic modifications in zebrafish embryos with efficiencies similar to those obtained using zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases.