Repair of strand breaks by homologous recombination.
Maria Jasin,Rodney Rothstein +1 more
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TLDR
The enzymology of the process is discussed, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells, and a historical context for the current view of HR is provided and how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other D SB repair pathways are described.Abstract:
In this review, we discuss the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) using a homologous DNA sequence (i.e., homologous recombination [HR]), focusing mainly on yeast and mammals. We provide a historical context for the current view of HR and describe how DSBs are processed during HR as well as interactions with other DSB repair pathways. We discuss the enzymology of the process, followed by studies on DSB repair in living cells. Whenever possible, we cite both original articles and reviews to aid the reader for further studies.read more
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Targeted Mutagenesis, Precise Gene Editing, and Site-Specific Gene Insertion in Maize Using Cas9 and Guide RNA
TL;DR: The examples reported in this study demonstrate the utility of Cas9-guide RNA technology as a plant genome editing tool to enhance plant breeding and crop research needed to meet growing agriculture demands of the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
p53 in the DNA-Damage-Repair Process
TL;DR: It appears as if p53 is multitasking in providing protection from cancer development by maintaining genome stability by overseeing the activity of various DNA-repair systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
A mechanism for the suppression of homologous recombination in G1 cells
Alexandre Orthwein,Sylvie M. Noordermeer,Marcus D. Wilson,Sébastien Landry,Radoslav I. Enchev,Alana Sherker,Alana Sherker,Meagan Munro,Jordan Pinder,Jayme Salsman,Graham Dellaire,Bing Xia,Matthias Peter,Daniel Durocher,Daniel Durocher +14 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that the mechanism prohibiting homologous recombination in G1 minimally consists of the suppression of DNA-end resection coupled with a multi-step block of the recruitment of BRCA2 to DNA damage sites that involves the inhibition of B RCA1–PALB2–BRCA 2 complex assembly.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNA-guided DNA insertion with CRISPR-associated transposases.
Jonathan Strecker,Alim Ladha,Zachary Gardner,Jonathan L. Schmid-Burgk,Kira S. Makarova,Eugene V. Koonin,Feng Zhang +6 more
TL;DR: This work expands the understanding of the functional diversity of CRISPR-Cas systems and establishes a paradigm for precision DNA insertion.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Heroes of CRISPR
TL;DR: This Perspective aims to fill in this backstory--the history of ideas and the stories of pioneers--and draw lessons about the remarkable ecosystem underlying scientific discovery.
References
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A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity.
Martin Jinek,Krzysztof Chylinski,Krzysztof Chylinski,Ines Fonfara,Michael H. Hauer,Jennifer A. Doudna,Emmanuelle Charpentier +6 more
TL;DR: This study reveals a family of endonucleases that use dual-RNAs for site-specific DNA cleavage and highlights the potential to exploit the system for RNA-programmable genome editing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,Le Cong,F. Ann Ran,F. Ann Ran,David M. Cox,David M. Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +15 more
TL;DR: The type II prokaryotic CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas adaptive immune system has been shown to facilitate RNA-guided site-specific DNA cleavage as discussed by the authors.
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Le Cong,F. A. Ran,David Benjamin Turitz Cox,Shuailiang Lin,Robert P. J. Barretto,Naomi Habib,Patrick D. Hsu,Xuebing Wu,Wenyan Jiang,Luciano A. Marraffini,Feng Zhang +10 more
TL;DR: Two different type II CRISPR/Cas systems are engineered and it is demonstrated that Cas9 nucleases can be directed by short RNAs to induce precise cleavage at endogenous genomic loci in human and mouse cells, demonstrating easy programmability and wide applicability of the RNA-guided nuclease technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNA-Guided Human Genome Engineering via Cas9
Prashant Mali,Luhan Yang,Kevin M. Esvelt,John Aach,Marc Güell,James E. DiCarlo,Julie E. Norville,George M. Church,George M. Church +8 more
TL;DR: The type II bacterial CRISPR system is engineer to function with custom guide RNA (gRNA) in human cells to establish an RNA-guided editing tool for facile, robust, and multiplexable human genome engineering.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient genome editing in zebrafish using a CRISPR-Cas system
Woong Y. Hwang,Yanfang Fu,Deepak Reyon,Morgan L. Maeder,Shengdar Q. Tsai,Jeffry D. Sander,Randall T. Peterson,Randall T. Peterson,Jing-Ruey J. Yeh,J. Keith Joung +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the CRISPR-Cas system functions in vivo to induce targeted genetic modifications in zebrafish embryos with efficiencies similar to those obtained using zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases.