Syrian hamsters as a small animal model for SARS-CoV-2 infection and countermeasure development.
Masaki Imai,Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto,Masato Hatta,Samantha Loeber,Peter Halfmann,Noriko Nakajima,Tokiko Watanabe,Michiko Ujie,Kenta Takahashi,Mutsumi Ito,Shinya Yamada,Shufang Fan,Shiho Chiba,Makoto Kuroda,Lizheng Guan,Kosuke Takada,Tammy Armbrust,Aaron Balogh,Yuri Furusawa,Moe Okuda,Hiroshi Ueki,Atsuhiro Yasuhara,Yuko Sakai-Tagawa,Tiago J. S. Lopes,Tiago J. S. Lopes,Maki Kiso,Seiya Yamayoshi,Noriko Kinoshita,Norio Ohmagari,Shin-ichiro Hattori,Makoto Takeda,Hiroaki Mitsuya,Florian Krammer,Tadaki Suzuki,Yoshihiro Kawaoka,Yoshihiro Kawaoka +35 more
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TLDR
It is found that SARS-CoV-2 isolates replicate efficiently in the lungs of Syrian hamsters and cause severe pathological lesions in the lung of these animals similar to commonly reported imaging features of COVID-19 patients with pneumonia.Abstract:
At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SARS-CoV-2) was detected in Wuhan, China, that spread rapidly around the world, with severe consequences for human health and the global economy Here, we assessed the replicative ability and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 isolates in Syrian hamsters SARS-CoV-2 isolates replicated efficiently in the lungs of hamsters, causing severe pathological lung lesions following intranasal infection In addition, microcomputed tomographic imaging revealed severe lung injury that shared characteristics with SARS-CoV-2-infected human lung, including severe, bilateral, peripherally distributed, multilobular ground glass opacity, and regions of lung consolidation SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters mounted neutralizing antibody responses and were protected against subsequent rechallenge with SARS-CoV-2 Moreover, passive transfer of convalescent serum to naive hamsters efficiently suppressed the replication of the virus in the lungs even when the serum was administrated 2 d postinfection of the serum-treated hamsters Collectively, these findings demonstrate that this Syrian hamster model will be useful for understanding SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and testing vaccines and antiviral drugsread more
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SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in development.
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Robust neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 infection persist for months.
Ania Wajnberg,Fatima Amanat,Adolfo Firpo,Deena R. Altman,Mark J. Bailey,Mayce Mansour,Meagan McMahon,Philip Meade,Damodara Rao Mendu,Kimberly Muellers,Daniel Stadlbauer,Kimberly Stone,Shirin Strohmeier,Viviana Simon,Judith A. Aberg,David Reich,Florian Krammer,Carlos Cordon-Cardo +17 more
TL;DR: The vast majority of infected individuals with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 experience robust immunoglobulin G antibody responses against the viral spike protein, and titers are relatively stable for at least a period of about 5 months and that anti-spike binding titers significantly correlate with neutralization of authentic SARS-CoV-2.
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SARS-CoV-2 D614G variant exhibits efficient replication ex vivo and transmission in vivo
Yixuan J. Hou,Shiho Chiba,Peter Halfmann,Camille Ehre,Makoto Kuroda,Kenneth H. Dinnon,Sarah R. Leist,Alexandra Schäfer,Noriko Nakajima,Kenta Takahashi,Rhianna E. Lee,Teresa M. Mascenik,Rachel L. Graham,Caitlin E. Edwards,Longping V. Tse,Kenichi Okuda,Alena J. Markmann,Luther A. Bartelt,Aravinda M. de Silva,David M. Margolis,Richard C. Boucher,Scott H. Randell,Tadaki Suzuki,Lisa E. Gralinski,Yoshihiro Kawaoka,Yoshihiro Kawaoka,Ralph S. Baric +26 more
TL;DR: The current dominant structural variant of SARS-CoV-2 appears to have evolved from the ancestral form and enhances transmissibility, and the mutation renders the new virus variant more susceptible to neutralizing antisera without altering the efficacy of vaccine candidates currently under development.
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Animal models for COVID-19.
César Muñoz-Fontela,William E. Dowling,Simon G. P. Funnell,Pierre Stéphane Gsell,A. Ximena Riveros-Balta,Randy A. Albrecht,Hanne Leth Andersen,Ralph S. Baric,Miles W. Carroll,Marco Cavaleri,Chuan Qin,Ian Crozier,Kai Dallmeier,Leon de Waal,Emmie de Wit,Leen Delang,Erik D. Dohm,W. Paul Duprex,Darryl Falzarano,Courtney L. Finch,Matthew B. Frieman,Barney S. Graham,Lisa E. Gralinski,Kate Guilfoyle,Bart L. Haagmans,Geraldine A. Hamilton,Amy L. Hartman,Sander Herfst,Suzanne J.F. Kaptein,William B. Klimstra,Ivana Knezevic,Philip R. Krause,Jens H. Kuhn,Roger Le Grand,Mark G. Lewis,Wen-Chun Liu,Pauline Maisonnasse,Anita K. McElroy,Vincent J. Munster,Nadia Oreshkova,Angela L. Rasmussen,Joana Rocha-Pereira,Barry Rockx,Estefanía Rodríguez,Thomas F. Rogers,Francisco J. Salguero,Michael Schotsaert,Koert J. Stittelaar,Hendrik Jan Thibaut,Chien Te K. Tseng,Júlia Vergara-Alert,Martin Beer,Trevor Brasel,Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan,Adolfo García-Sastre,Johan Neyts,Stanley Perlman,Douglas S. Reed,Juergen A. Richt,Chad J. Roy,Joaquim Segalés,Seshadri S. Vasan,Seshadri S. Vasan,Ana Maria Henao-Restrepo,Dan H. Barouch +64 more
TL;DR: The findings of a World Health Organization expert working group that is developing animal models to test vaccines and therapeutic agents for the treatment of COVID-19, and their relevance for preclinical testing, are reviewed.
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Simran Kaur,Vandana Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: The COVID-19 pandemic which probably is the most devastating one in the last 100 years after Spanish flu mandates the speedy evaluation of the multiple approaches for competence to elicit protective immunity and safety to curtail unwanted immune-potentiation which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this virus.
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