Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Cerebral Immune Cell Accumulation in Stroke
Mathias Gelderblom,Frank Leypoldt,Karin Steinbach,Doerthe Behrens,Chi-Un Choe,Dominic A. Siler,Thiruma V. Arumugam,Ellen Orthey,Christian Gerloff,Eva Tolosa,Tim Magnus +10 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The peculiar activation pattern and massive increase of antigen-presenting cells in temporal conjunction with regulatory cells might provide additional insight into poststroke immune regulation.Abstract:
Background and Purpose— Ischemic stroke leads to significant morbidity and mortality in the Western world Early reperfusion strategies remain the treatment of choice but can initiate and augment an inflammatory response causing secondary brain damage The understanding of postischemic inflammation is very limited The objectives of this study were to define the temporal and spatial infiltration of immune cell populations and their activation patterns in a murine cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury model Methods— Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced for 1 hour followed by 12-hour to 7-day reperfusion in C57/BL6 mice Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to quantify the infiltrating immune cell subsets Results— Accumulation of microglia and infiltration of the ischemic hemisphere by macrophages, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs) preceded the neutrophilic influx DCs were found to increase 20-fold and constituted a substantial proportion of infiltrating cells DCs exhiread more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The immunology of stroke: from mechanisms to translation
TL;DR: Gaining a better understanding of the reciprocal interaction between the immune system and the ischemic brain is essential to harness the full therapeutic potential of the immunology of stroke.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: role of inflammatory cells.
Rong Jin,Guojun Yang,Guohong Li +2 more
TL;DR: An overview of the time‐dependent recruitment of different inflammatory cells following focal cerebral I/R is provided and certain recent findings and currently unanswered questions about inflammatory cells in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monocyte and macrophage differentiation: circulation inflammatory monocyte as biomarker for inflammatory diseases
TL;DR: It is emphasized that inflammatory monocyte subsets are valuable biomarkers for inflammatory diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, as well as a potential mechanism for monocyte differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroprotection in acute stroke: targeting excitotoxicity, oxidative and nitrosative stress, and inflammation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used pre-clinical testing and appropriate selection of study participants to overcome the barriers to progress in acute ischemic stroke research, and proposed safe and effective treatment strategies that combine neuroprotection reperfusion, better use of advanced brain imaging for patient selection, and wider implementation of pre-hospital conducted clinical trials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroinflammation: friend and foe for ischemic stroke
TL;DR: How neuroinflammation has both beneficial as well as detrimental roles and recent therapeutic strategies to combat pathological responses are discussed and the time-dependent role of inflammatory factors could help in developing new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic neuroprotective strategies for post-stroke inflammation.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Hu23F2G, an antibody recognizing the leukocyte CD11/CD18 integrin, reduces injury in a rabbit model of transient focal cerebral ischemia.
Midori A. Yenari,David M. Kunis,Guohua Sun,David Onley,Linda Watson,Stephanie Turner,Steven Whitaker,Gary K. Steinberg +7 more
TL;DR: Antagonism of neutrophil migration at the level of the CD11/CD18 integrin reduces ischemic injury in experimental stroke.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulatory conversation between antigen presenting cells and regulatory T cells enhance immune suppression.
TL;DR: The mutual interaction of Treg and APCs enables Treg to sustain their immunosuppressive functions which, in healthy individuals, may be crucial for the maintenance of peripheral tolerance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dendritic cells and dendritic-like microglia in focal cortical ischemia of the mouse brain.
TL;DR: Findings suggest that reactive microglia in remote areas transform into dendritic-like cells in brain-infiltrating DC and their microglial counterparts may play a role in the inflammatory response to cerebral ischemia independently of T cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Double-negative regulatory T cells: non-conventional regulators.
TL;DR: The characteristics, developmental pathways, and mechanisms of action of DN Treg cells, as well as their role in transplant tolerance, autoimmunity, and anticancer immunity, are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Imaging inflammation in acute brain ischemia.
TL;DR: Iron oxide nanoparticles such as ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) are novel cell-specific contrast agents for MRI, and USPIO-laden macrophages cause typical signal changes in MRI of infarcted brain parenchyma, which has been demonstrated in studies of both experimental ischemia and human stroke.