Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Cerebral Immune Cell Accumulation in Stroke
Mathias Gelderblom,Frank Leypoldt,Karin Steinbach,Doerthe Behrens,Chi-Un Choe,Dominic A. Siler,Thiruma V. Arumugam,Ellen Orthey,Christian Gerloff,Eva Tolosa,Tim Magnus +10 more
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TLDR
The peculiar activation pattern and massive increase of antigen-presenting cells in temporal conjunction with regulatory cells might provide additional insight into poststroke immune regulation.Abstract:
Background and Purpose— Ischemic stroke leads to significant morbidity and mortality in the Western world Early reperfusion strategies remain the treatment of choice but can initiate and augment an inflammatory response causing secondary brain damage The understanding of postischemic inflammation is very limited The objectives of this study were to define the temporal and spatial infiltration of immune cell populations and their activation patterns in a murine cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury model Methods— Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced for 1 hour followed by 12-hour to 7-day reperfusion in C57/BL6 mice Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to quantify the infiltrating immune cell subsets Results— Accumulation of microglia and infiltration of the ischemic hemisphere by macrophages, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs) preceded the neutrophilic influx DCs were found to increase 20-fold and constituted a substantial proportion of infiltrating cells DCs exhiread more
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Blocking postsynaptic density-93 binding to C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 promotes microglial phenotypic transformation during acute ischemic stroke
Xiao-Wei Cao,Hui Yang,Xiao-Mei Liu,Shihao Lou,Li-ping Kong,Liangqun Rong,Jun-Jun Shan,Yun Xu,Qing Xiu Zhang +8 more
TL;DR: The peptide Tat-CX3CL1 (357–395aa) facilitates functional recovery after ischemic stroke by promoting microglial polarization from M1 to M2 and is a potential therapeutic agent for isChemic stroke.
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CD36: An Inflammatory Mediator in Acute Brain Injury
Sunghee Cho,Maria Febbraio +1 more
TL;DR: This work reviews neuroimmune interaction in the setting of acute cerebral ischemia, post-ischemic inflammation, and the trafficking of peripheral immune cells to inflamed tissue, with specific focus on the involvement of the class B scavenger receptor, CD36.
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Alteration of circulating unconventional T cells in cerebral ischemia: an observational study
TL;DR: In this article , the frequencies and absolute cell numbers of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subpopulations including those of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, CD3 + CD56 + NKT-like (NKTL) cells and γδ T cells from patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI), chronic cerebrovascular disease (CCD) or chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCI) by flow cytometry, and analyzed their association with the disease severity and the clinical outcome.
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