Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Cerebral Immune Cell Accumulation in Stroke
Mathias Gelderblom,Frank Leypoldt,Karin Steinbach,Doerthe Behrens,Chi-Un Choe,Dominic A. Siler,Thiruma V. Arumugam,Ellen Orthey,Christian Gerloff,Eva Tolosa,Tim Magnus +10 more
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TLDR
The peculiar activation pattern and massive increase of antigen-presenting cells in temporal conjunction with regulatory cells might provide additional insight into poststroke immune regulation.Abstract:
Background and Purpose— Ischemic stroke leads to significant morbidity and mortality in the Western world Early reperfusion strategies remain the treatment of choice but can initiate and augment an inflammatory response causing secondary brain damage The understanding of postischemic inflammation is very limited The objectives of this study were to define the temporal and spatial infiltration of immune cell populations and their activation patterns in a murine cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury model Methods— Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced for 1 hour followed by 12-hour to 7-day reperfusion in C57/BL6 mice Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to quantify the infiltrating immune cell subsets Results— Accumulation of microglia and infiltration of the ischemic hemisphere by macrophages, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs) preceded the neutrophilic influx DCs were found to increase 20-fold and constituted a substantial proportion of infiltrating cells DCs exhiread more
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Spectratype analysis of clonal T cell expansion in murine experimental stroke.
TL;DR: This is the first study presenting direct evidence of clonal T cell expansion after stroke - however, with delayed kinetics that make antigen-dependent mechanisms unlikely in acute post-ischemic neuroinflammation.
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Deficiency in serine protease inhibitor neuroserpin exacerbates ischemic brain injury by increased postischemic inflammation.
Mathias Gelderblom,Melanie Neumann,Peter Ludewig,Christian Bernreuther,Susanne Krasemann,Priyadharshini Arunachalam,Christian Gerloff,Markus Glatzel,Tim Magnus +8 more
TL;DR: Excessive microglial activation in Ns−/− mice mediated by an increased activity of tPA results in a worse outcome further underscoring the potential detrimental proinflammatory effects of t PA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immune changes in peripheral blood and hematoma of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage
Chao Jiang,Yali Wang,Qiangfu Hu,Jixin Shou,Li Zhu,Ning Tian,Lu Sun,Huan Luo,Fangfang Zuo,Fangfang Li,Yingying Wang,Jing Zhang,Jiarui Wang,Jian Wang,Jiewen Zhang +14 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that immunocytes present in the hematoma may participate in the acute‐phase inflammatory response after ICH, and increased levels of IL‐10 in the serum and Hematoma, and a reduction in M1‐like macrophages in hematomas were independently associated with favorable outcome on day 90.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Paradox Role of Regulatory T Cells in Ischemic Stroke
Xiaomeng Xu,Min Li,Yongjun Jiang +2 more
TL;DR: Tregs contributed to the outcome of ischemic stroke, while more lines of evidence are needed to understand how Tregs regulate the immune system and influence the outcomes of stroke.
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Mechanism underlying treatment of ischemic stroke using acupuncture: transmission and regulation.
TL;DR: The overall conditions of inflammatory cells, mediators, and pathways after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion are summarized, and the possible synergistic intervention of acupuncture in the inflammatory signaling pathway network is discussed to provide a foundation to explore the multiple molecular mechanisms by which acupuncture promotes nerve function restoration.
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