https://cancerbiologyprogram.med.wayne.edu/pdfs/hallmarks_cancer_article.pdf

Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation.

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

https://staff.blog.ui.ac.id/hsuryadi/files/2012/02/ROS_RNS.pdf

Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease

Pathogen Recognition and Innate Immunity

Several reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously produced in plants as byproducts of aerobic metabolism. Depending on the nature of the ROS species, some are highly toxic and rapidly detoxified by various cellular enzymatic and nonenzymatic mechanisms. Whereas plants are surfeited with mechanisms to combat increased ROS levels during abiotic stress conditions, in other circumstances plants appear to purposefully generate ROS as signaling molecules to control various processes including pathogen defense, programmed cell death, and stomatal behavior. This review describes the mechanisms of ROS generation and removal in plants during development and under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. New insights into the complexity and roles that ROS play in plants have come from genetic analyses of ROS detoxifying and signaling mutants. Considering recent ROS-induced genome-wide expression analyses, the possible functions and mechanisms for ROS sensing and signaling in plants are compared with those in animals and yeast.

REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES: Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Signal Transduction

Crystal structure of inhibitor ofk Bk inaseb

According to some embodiments herein, methods and compositions for amerlioration of rheumatoid arthritis are provided. According to some embodiments herein, methods and compositions for characterization of rheumatoid arthritis are provided. The methods and compositions of some embodiments include inhibitors of ChoKα.

/pdf/compositions-and-methods-for-characterization-and-37go8vz054.pdf

Compositions and methods for characterization and amelioration of rheumatoid arthritis

The present invention relates to compositions and methods involving IKKγ mutants. In particular, the present invention provides methods and compositions, including transgenic animals, suitable for use in determining means to treat, control, and/or prevent incontinentia pigmenti (IP). The present invention also provides methods to detect the presence of mutations in the IKKγ gene and protein.

Mutations in IKKγ

The present invention relates to microbial infection, and in particular, the reduction of apoptosis associated with microbial infection, the screening of agents that reduce apoptosis, and the treatment and analysis of microbial infection in vivo. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to agents including but not limited to reducing the activity of Protein Kinase R and/or Toll-like receptor-4.

Michael Karin

Papers

Crystal structure of inhibitor ofk Bk inaseb

Compositions and methods for characterization and amelioration of rheumatoid arthritis

Mutations in IKKγ

Compositions and methods for reducing microbial induced apoptosis

S537 Comparison of Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction and Gastrointestinal Motility Between Patients With and Without IBD