Jewish Hospital

About: Jewish Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Antigen & Population. The organization has 3881 authors who have published 3414 publications receiving 123044 citations.

Coherence therapy does not prevent axial bone loss in osteoporotic women: a preliminary comparative study.

Abstract: Coherence therapy, also known as ADFR (activate, depress, free, repeat) therapy, has been proposed as a new form of treatment for osteoporosis. We compared the effects of this therapy with those of gonadal steroid and calcium and of calcium alone in 93 osteoporotic women. Thirty women were treated for 1 yr with ADFR, in the form of K-phosphate (1.5 g/day), for 3 days followed by etidronate, (400 mg/day) for 14 days, followed by 8 weeks of neither drug, plus continuous calcium carbonate therapy (1 g/day). Thirty-six women received conjugated estrogens (0.625 mg/day) for 25 days/month plus medrox-yprogesterone acetate (10 mg/day) for 10 days/month and calcium, while 27 women received calcium carbonate (500 mg, twice daily). Sixteen women in the ADFR group, 15 in the calcium group, and 19 in the hormone-calcium group completed 2 yr of treatment. Spinal bone mineral density was measured by single energy quantitative computerized tomography (QCT) and in the proximal and distal radius by single energy photon ab...

3D shape analysis for early diagnosis of malignant lung nodules

Abstract: An alternative method for diagnosing malignant lung nodules by their shape rather than conventional growth rate is proposed. The 3D surfaces of the detected lung nodules are delineated by spherical harmonic analysis, which represents a 3D surface of the lung nodule supported by the unit sphere with a linear combination of special basis functions, called spherical harmonics (SHs). The proposed 3D shape analysis is carried out in five steps: (i) 3D lung nodule segmentation with a deformable 3D boundary controlled by two probabilistic visual appearance models (the learned prior and the estimated current appearance one); (ii) 3D Delaunay triangulation to construct a 3D mesh model of the segmented lung nodule surface; (iii) mapping this model to the unit sphere; (iv) computing the SHs for the surface, and (v) determining the number of the SHs to delineate the lung nodule. We describe the lung nodule shape complexity with a new shape index, the estimated number of the SHs, and use it for the K-nearest classification to distinguish malignant and benign lung nodules. Preliminary experiments on 327 lung nodules (153 malignant and 174 benign) resulted in the 93.6% correct classification (for the 95% confidence interval), showing that the proposed method is a promising supplement to current technologies for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

The Effect of Cerebellar Lesions on Emotional Behavior in the Rhesus Monkey

Abstract: Although the relationship between limbic system structures and emotionality is well known, the role of the cerebellum in the control of affective behavior is not usually appreciated (Berman, 1970a, b; 1971). Involvement of the limbic system in the elaboration of emotional behavior has been demonstrated by studies such as those of Kluver and Bucy (1939), Pribram and Bagshaw (1953) and Weiskrantz (1956), in which a taming effect was reported following amygdaloidectomy in the monkey. Reduced emotionality in the monkey has also been reported following cingulectomy (Glees, Cole, Whitty, & Cairns, 1950) and postero-medial orbital frontal cortex ablations (Butter, Snyder, & McDonald, 1970).

Swimming as a model of task-specific locomotor retraining after spinal cord injury in the rat

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The authors have shown that rats can be retrained to swim after a moderately severe thoracic spinal cord contusion. They also found that improvements in body position and hindlimb activity occurred rapidly over the first 2 weeks of training, reaching a plateau by week 4. Overground walking was not influenced by swim training, suggesting that swimming may be a task-specific model of locomotor retraining. OBJECTIVE: To provide a quantitative description of hindlimb movements of uninjured adult rats during swimming, and then after injury and retraining. METHODS: The authors used a novel and streamlined kinematic assessment of swimming in which each limb is described in 2 dimensions, as 3 segments and 2 angles. RESULTS: The kinematics of uninjured rats do not change over 4 weeks of daily swimming, suggesting that acclimatization does not involve refinements in hindlimb movement. After spinal cord injury, retraining involved increases in hindlimb excursion and improved limb position, but the velocity of the movements remained slow. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the activity pattern of swimming is hardwired in the rat spinal cord. After spinal cord injury, repetition is sufficient to bring about significant improvements in the pattern of hindlimb movement but does not improve the forces generated, leaving the animals with persistent deficits. These data support the concept that force (load) and pattern generation (recruitment) are independent and may have to be managed together with respect to postinjury rehabilitation.