National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

About: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology is a government organization based out in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Thin film. The organization has 22114 authors who have published 65856 publications receiving 1669827 citations. The organization is also known as: Sangyō Gijutsu Sōgō Kenkyū-sho.

High-Power Supercapacitor Electrodes from Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorn/Nanotube Composite

Abstract: A novel composite is presented as a supercapacitor electrode with a high maximum power rating (990 kW/kg; 396 kW/l) exceeding power performances of other electrodes. The high-power capability of the electrode stemmed from its unique meso-macro pore structure engineered through the utilization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (20 wt %) as scaffolding for single-walled carbon nanohorns (80 wt %). The novel composite electrode also exhibited durable operation (6.5% decline in capacitance over 100 000 cycles) as a result of its monolithic chemical composition and mechanical stability. The novel composite electrode was benchmarked against another high-power electrode made from single-walled carbon nanotubes (Bucky paper electrode). While the composite electrode had a lower surface area compared to the Bucky paper electrode (280 vs 470 m2/g from nitrogen adsorption), it had a higher meso-macro pore volume (2.6 vs 1.6 mL/g from mercury porosimetry) which enabled the composite electrode to retain more electrolyt...

An Evaluation of the Water Heater Load Potential for Providing Regulation Service

Abstract: This paper investigates the possibility of providing aggregated regulation services with small loads, such as water heaters or air conditioners. A direct-load control algorithm is presented to aggregate the water heater load for the purpose of regulation. A dual-element electric water heater model is developed, which accounts for both thermal dynamics and users' water consumption. A realistic regulation signal was used to evaluate the number of water heaters needed and the operational characteristics of a water heater when providing 2-MW regulation service. Modeling results suggest that approximately 33 000 water heaters are needed to provide a 2-MW regulation service 24 hours a day. However, if water heaters only provide regulation from 6:00 to 24:00, approximately 20 000 will be needed. Because the control algorithm has considered the thermal setting of the water heater, customer comfort is maintained. Therefore, the aggregated regulation service provided by water heater loads can become a major source of revenue for load-serving entities when the smart grid enables the direct load control.

Exfoliated nanosheets as a new strong solid acid catalyst

Abstract: Two-dimensional metal oxide sheets in HTiNbO5 and HSr2Nb3O10, cation-exchangeable layered metal oxides, were examined as solid acid catalysts. Exfoliation of HTiNbO5 and HSr2Nb3O10 in aqueous solutions formed colloidal single-crystal TiNbO5- and Sr2Nb3O10- nanosheets, which precipitated under an acidic condition to form aggregates of HTiNbO5 nanosheets and HSr2Nb3O10 nanosheets. Although esterification of acetic acid, cracking of cumene, and dehydration of 2-propanol were not catalyzed by original HTiNbO5 because of the narrow interlayer distance, which prevents the insertion of organic molecules, HTiNbO5 nanosheets functioned as a strong solid acid catalyst for the reactions. Nanosheets of HSr2Nb3O10 exhibited no or slight catalytic activity for these reactions. NH3 temperature-programmed desorption and 1H magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that HTiNbO5 nanosheets have strong Bronsted acid sites, whereas HSr2Nb3O10 nanosheets do not.