National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

About: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology is a government organization based out in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Thin film. The organization has 22114 authors who have published 65856 publications receiving 1669827 citations. The organization is also known as: Sangyō Gijutsu Sōgō Kenkyū-sho.

Synergistic Catalysis of Au@Ag Core−Shell Nanoparticles Stabilized on Metal−Organic Framework

Abstract: For the first time, this work presents Au@Ag core−shell nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized on a metal−organic framework (MOF) by a sequential deposition−reduction method. The small-size Au@Ag NPs reveal the restriction effects of the pore/surface structure in the MOF. The modulation of the Au/Ag ratio can tune the composition and a reversed Au/Ag deposition sequence changes the structure of Au−Ag NPs, while a posttreatment process transforms the core−shell NPs to a AuAg alloy. Catalytic studies show a strong bimetallic synergistic effect of core−shell structured Au@Ag NPs, which have much higher catalytic activities than alloy and monometallic NPs.

AREB1 Is a Transcription Activator of Novel ABRE-Dependent ABA Signaling That Enhances Drought Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis

Abstract: ABSCISIC ACID-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN1 (AREB1) (i.e., ABF2) is a basic domain/leucine zipper transcription factor that binds to the abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive element (ABRE) motif in the promoter region of ABA-inducible genes. Here, we show that expression of the intact AREB1 gene on its own is insufficient to lead to expression of downstream genes under normal growth conditions. To overcome the masked transactivation activity of AREB1, we created an activated form of AREB1 (AREB1DeltaQT). AREB1DeltaQT-overexpressing plants showed ABA hypersensitivity and enhanced drought tolerance, and eight genes with two or more ABRE motifs in the promoter regions in two groups were greatly upregulated: late embryogenesis abundant class genes and ABA- and drought stress-inducible regulatory genes. By contrast, an areb1 null mutant and a dominant loss-of-function mutant of AREB1 (AREB1:RD) with a repression domain exhibited ABA insensitivity. Furthermore, AREB1:RD plants displayed reduced survival under dehydration, and three of the eight greatly upregulated genes were downregulated, including genes for linker histone H1 and AAA ATPase, which govern gene expression and multiple cellular activities through protein folding, respectively. Thus, these data suggest that AREB1 regulates novel ABRE-dependent ABA signaling that enhances drought tolerance in vegetative tissues.

The anomalous Hall effect and magnetic monopoles in momentum space.

Abstract: Efforts to find the magnetic monopole in real space have been made in cosmic rays and in particle accelerators, but there has not yet been any firm evidence for its existence because of its very heavy mass, ∼10 16 giga–electron volts We show that the magnetic monopole can appear in the crystal momentum space of solids in the accessible low-energy region (∼01 to 1 electron volts) in the context of the anomalous Hall effect We report experimental results together with first-principles calculations on the ferromagnetic crystal SrRuO 3 that provide evidence for the magnetic monopole in the crystal momentum space

Measuring the thermal conductivity of a single carbon nanotube.

Abstract: Although the thermal properties of millimeter-sized carbon nanotube mats and packed carbon nanofibers have been readily measured, measurements for a single nanotube are extremely difficult. Here, we report a novel method that can reliably measure the thermal conductivity of a single carbon nanotube using a suspended sample-attached $T$-type nanosensor. Our experimental results show that the thermal conductivity of a carbon nanotube at room temperature increases as its diameter decreases, and exceeds $2000\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{mK}$ for a diameter of 9.8 nm. The temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity for a carbon nanotube with a diameter of 16.1 nm appears to have an asymptote near 320 K. The present method is, in principle, applicable to any kind of a single nanofiber, nanowire, and even single-walled carbon nanotube.