Oregon State University

About: Oregon State University is a education organization based out in Corvallis, Oregon, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gene. The organization has 28192 authors who have published 64044 publications receiving 2634108 citations. The organization is also known as: Oregon Agricultural College & OSU.

Satellite measurements of sea surface temperature through clouds

Abstract: Measurements of sea surface temperature (SST) can be made by satellite microwave radiometry in all weather conditions except rain. Microwaves penetrate clouds with little attenuation, giving an uninterrupted view of the ocean surface. This is a distinct advantage over infrared measurements of SST, which are obstructed by clouds. Comparisons with ocean buoys show a root mean square difference of about 0.6 degrees C, which is partly due to the satellite-buoy spatial-temporal sampling mismatch and the difference between the ocean skin temperature and bulk temperature. Microwave SST retrievals provide insights in a number of areas, including tropical instability waves, marine boundary layer dynamics, and the prediction of hurricane intensity.

The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

Abstract: The FLUXNET2015 dataset provides ecosystem-scale data on CO2, water, and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and other meteorological and biological measurements, from 212 sites around the globe (over 1500 site-years, up to and including year 2014). These sites, independently managed and operated, voluntarily contributed their data to create global datasets. Data were quality controlled and processed using uniform methods, to improve consistency and intercomparability across sites. The dataset is already being used in a number of applications, including ecophysiology studies, remote sensing studies, and development of ecosystem and Earth system models. FLUXNET2015 includes derived-data products, such as gap-filled time series, ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic uptake estimates, estimation of uncertainties, and metadata about the measurements, presented for the first time in this paper. In addition, 206 of these sites are for the first time distributed under a Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license. This paper details this enhanced dataset and the processing methods, now made available as open-source codes, making the dataset more accessible, transparent, and reproducible.

The genome of Eucalyptus grandis

Abstract: Eucalypts are the world's most widely planted hardwood trees. Their outstanding diversity, adaptability and growth have made them a global renewable resource of fibre and energy. We sequenced and assembled >94% of the 640-megabase genome of Eucalyptus grandis. Of 36,376 predicted protein-coding genes, 34% occur in tandem duplications, the largest proportion thus far in plant genomes. Eucalyptus also shows the highest diversity of genes for specialized metabolites such as terpenes that act as chemical defence and provide unique pharmaceutical oils. Genome sequencing of the E. grandis sister species E. globulus and a set of inbred E. grandis tree genomes reveals dynamic genome evolution and hotspots of inbreeding depression. The E. grandis genome is the first reference for the eudicot order Myrtales and is placed here sister to the eurosids. This resource expands our understanding of the unique biology of large woody perennials and provides a powerful tool to accelerate comparative biology, breeding and biotechnology.

New measurements of phytoplankton and ice algal production in the Arctic Ocean

Abstract: During the Canada/US 1994 Arctic Ocean Section, algal biomass (Chlorophyll a) and primary production were measured in the water column, at the ice-water interface and in the bottom 24 cm of the sea ice along a transect from the Chukchi Sea to the Nansen Basin via the North Pole Algal biomass and primary production were determined for 07-5 urn and > 5 urn size fractions The algal release rate of D014C during incubation was also measured In the Chukchi Sea and in leads of the Makarov and Nansen Basins, total maximum particulate phytoplankton production rates were 2570,73 and 521 mg C m-* day-', respectively At these stations, where ice cover varied from 55 to 90%, large phytoplankton ( > 5 pm) represented 61-98% of the total algal biomass At stations with higher ice coverage (>90%), the total phytoplankton production decreased to 9- 57mgCm-*day-' At these stations, small phytoplankton (07-5 urn) accounted for 59-88% of the total biomass and more than 64% of the total production Along the transect, the percentage of the total phytoplankton production released as extracellular carbon was generally less than 20%, except in the Canadian Basin where it ranged from 31 to 65% Total particulate ice algal production ranged from 05 to 310 mg C m-* day-' and showed maximum rates in the central Arctic Ocean Large cells ( > 5 urn) generally dominated the ice algal community, representing 5&100% of the total biomass and more than 50% of the total production Ice algae released on average 34% of total carbon fixed during the 4-12 h incubation Ice algae contributed on average 57% of the entire primary production (water column + sea ice) in the central Arctic and 3% in the surrounding regions Total primary productivity in the central Arctic Ocean is estimated at 15 g C m-* year-', a value at least 10 times higher than previously reported The difference between estimates is due in part to the previously unmeasured contribution of the particulate production by ice algae and the release of DOC by both ice and pelagic algae 0 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd All rights reserved