Institution
University of Notre Dame
Education•Notre Dame, Indiana, United States•
About: University of Notre Dame is a education organization based out in Notre Dame, Indiana, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 22238 authors who have published 55201 publications receiving 2032925 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Notre Dame du Lac & University of Notre Dame, South Bend.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The other-minds problem and the justification of induction have been studied in the context of epistemological crisis as discussed by the authors, where an agent who has believed that he was highly valued by his employers and colleagues is suddenly fired; someone proposed for membership of a club whose members were all, so he believed, close friends is blackballed; and someone falls out of love and needs to know how he or she can possibly have been so mistaken in the other.
Abstract: What is an epistemological crisis? Consider, first, the situation of ordinary agents who are thrown into such crises. Someone who has believed that he was highly valued by his employers and colleagues is suddenly fired; someone proposed for membership of a club whose members were all, so he believed, close friends is blackballed. Or someone falls in love and needs to know what the loved one really feels; someone falls out of love and needs to know how he or she can possibly have been so mistaken in the other. For all such persons the relationship of seems to is becomes crucial. It is in such situations that ordinary agents who have never learned anything about academic philosophy are apt to rediscover for themselves versions of the other-minds problem and the problem of the justification of induction. They discover, that is, that there is a problem about the rational justification of inferences from premises about the behavior of other people to conclusions about their thoughts, feelings, and attitudes and of inferences from premises about how individuals have acted in the past to conclusions expressed as generalizations about their behavior, generalizations which would enable us to make reasonably reliable predications about their future behavior. What they took to be evidence pointing unambiguously in some one direction now turns out to have been equally susceptible of rival interpretations.
336 citations
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TL;DR: The prevalence of fluorinated chemicals in fast food packaging demonstrates their potentially significant contribution to dietary PFAS exposure and environmental contamination during production and disposal.
Abstract: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are highly persistent synthetic chemicals, some of which have been associated with cancer, developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, and other health effects. PFASs in grease-resistant food packaging can leach into food and increase dietary exposure. We collected ∼400 samples of food contact papers, paperboard containers, and beverage containers from fast food restaurants throughout the United States and measured total fluorine using particle-induced γ-ray emission (PIGE) spectroscopy. PIGE can rapidly and inexpensively measure total fluorine in solid-phase samples. We found that 46% of food contact papers and 20% of paperboard samples contained detectable fluorine (>16 nmol/cm2). Liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of a subset of 20 samples found perfluorocarboxylates, perfluorosulfonates, and other known PFASs and/or unidentified polyfluorinated compounds (based on nontargeted analysis). The total peak area for PFASs was higher in 70...
335 citations
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TL;DR: This article examined the links among students' effort, tracking, and students' achievement and found that students in higher tracks exert substantially more effort than do students in lower tracks These differences in effort are largely explained by differences in prior effort and achievement, as well as students' experiences in their classes.
Abstract: This study examined the links among students' effort, tracking, and students' achievement It found that students in higher tracks exert substantially more effort than do students in lower tracks These differences in effort are largely explained by differences in prior effort and achievement, as well as students' experiences in their classes Students' effort is strongly related to students' learning, and track differences in students' effort account for a modest portion of track differences in students' learning Finally, the effect of students' effort on students' learning is roughly the same, regardless of the track in which a student is placed
335 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the level of subnational democracy varies significantly within countries around the world, and that this variance is often explained by a type of rentierism that is not geographically determined by natural resources but politically created by certain fiscal federalism arrangements.
Abstract: Levels of subnational democracy vary significantly within countries around the world. Drawing on fiscal theories of the state, the author argues that this variance is often explained by a type of rentierism that is not geographically determined by natural resources but politically created by certain fiscal federalism arrangements. He posits that less democratic regimes are more likely in rentier provinces—those that receive disproportionately large central government transfers and practically forgo local taxation. Intergovernmental revenue-sharing rules that produce large vertical fiscal imbalances and favor the economically smaller districts provide their incumbents with generous "fiscal federalism rents" that allow them to restrict democratic contestation and weaken checks and balances. Statistical evidence from a panel data set of the Argentine provinces strongly confirms this expectation, even after controlling for standard alternative explanations such as level of development. Sensitivity analysis shows that this finding is extremely robust to alternative panel estimators. Qualitative and quantitative evidence suggests that the effect of heavy public spending on the economic autonomy of political actors is the main causal mechanism at work.
335 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that the optimum rule is to select the location that maximizes the sum of the correlation and a correction term to locate a sync word periodically imbedded in binary data and received over the additive white Gaussian noise channel.
Abstract: This paper considers the optimum method for locating a sync word periodically imbedded in binary data and received over the additive white Gaussian noise channel. It is shown that the optimum rule is to select the location that maximizes the sum of the correlation and a correction term. Simulations are reported that show approximately a 3-dB improvement at interesting signal-to-noise ratios compared to a pure correlation rule. Extensions are given to the "phase-shift keyed (PSK) sync" case where the detector output has a binary ambiguity and to the case of Gaussian data.
335 citations
Authors
Showing all 22586 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
David Miller | 203 | 2573 | 204840 |
Patrick O. Brown | 183 | 755 | 200985 |
Dorret I. Boomsma | 176 | 1507 | 136353 |
Chad A. Mirkin | 164 | 1078 | 134254 |
Darien Wood | 160 | 2174 | 136596 |
Wei Li | 158 | 1855 | 124748 |
Timothy C. Beers | 156 | 934 | 102581 |
Todd Adams | 154 | 1866 | 143110 |
Albert-László Barabási | 152 | 438 | 200119 |
T. J. Pearson | 150 | 895 | 126533 |
Amartya Sen | 149 | 689 | 141907 |
Christopher Hill | 144 | 1562 | 128098 |
Tim Adye | 143 | 1898 | 109010 |
Teruki Kamon | 142 | 2034 | 115633 |