University of Notre Dame

About: University of Notre Dame is a education organization based out in Notre Dame, Indiana, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 22238 authors who have published 55201 publications receiving 2032925 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Notre Dame du Lac & University of Notre Dame, South Bend.

SMOTEBoost: Improving Prediction of the Minority Class in Boosting

Abstract: Many real world data mining applications involve learning from imbalanced data sets. Learning from data sets that contain very few instances of the minority (or interesting) class usually produces biased classifiers that have a higher predictive accuracy over the majority class(es), but poorer predictive accuracy over the minority class. SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling TEchnique) is specifically designed for learning from imbalanced data sets. This paper presents a novel approach for learning from imbalanced data sets, based on a combination of the SMOTE algorithm and the boosting procedure. Unlike standard boosting where all misclassified examples are given equal weights, SMOTEBoost creates synthetic examples from the rare or minority class, thus indirectly changing the updating weights and compensating for skewed distributions. SMOTEBoost applied to several highly and moderately imbalanced data sets shows improvement in prediction performance on the minority class and overall improved F-values.

High-mobility and low-power thin-film transistors based on multilayer MoS2 crystals

Abstract: Unlike graphene, the existence of bandgaps (1–2 eV) in the layered semiconductor molybdenum disulphide, combined with mobility enhancement by dielectric engineering, offers an attractive possibility of using single-layer molybdenum disulphide field-effect transistors in low-power switching devices. However, the complicated process of fabricating single-layer molybdenum disulphide with an additional high-k dielectric layer may significantly limit its compatibility with commercial fabrication. Here we show the first comprehensive investigation of process-friendly multilayer molybdenum disulphide field-effect transistors to demonstrate a compelling case for their applications in thin-film transistors. Our multilayer molybdenum disulphide field-effect transistors exhibited high mobilities (>100 cm2 V−1 s−1), near-ideal subthreshold swings (~70 mV per decade) and robust current saturation over a large voltage window. With simulations based on Shockley's long-channel transistor model and calculations of scattering mechanisms, these results provide potentially important implications in the fabrication of high-resolution large-area displays and further scientific investigation of various physical properties expected in other layered semiconductors. Molybdenum disulphide offers some tantalizing advantages over graphene as a material with which to fabricate field-effect transistors. Kimet al. present a comprehensive study of field-effect transistors made from multilayer samples of MoS2and find that they can achieve high carrier mobilities.

The Measure of American Religion: Toward Improving the State of the Art

Abstract: Recently, scholars have devoted renewed attention to the role of religion in American life. Thus, it is important that they use the most effective means available to categorize and study religious groups. However, the most widely used classification scheme in survey research (T.W. Smith 1990) does not capture essential differences between American religious traditions and overlooks significant new trends in religious affiliation. We critique this scheme based on its historical, terminological, and taxonomical inaccuracy and offer a new approach that addresses its shortcomings by using denominational affiliation to place respondents into seven categories grounded in the historical development of American religious traditions. Most important, this new scheme yields more meaningful interpretations because the categories refer to concrete religious traditions. Because of increased accuracy in classification, it also improves model fit and reduces measurement error.

Proactive personality and career success.

Abstract: This study examined the relationship between proactive personality and career success by surveying a sample of 496 employees (320 men and 176 women) from a diverse set of occupations and organizations. Proactive personality was positively associated with both self-reported objective (salary and promotions) and subjective (career satisfaction) indicators of career success. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that proactive personality explained additional variance in both objective and subjective career success even after controlling for several relevant variables (demographic, human capital, motivational, organizational, and industry) that have previously been found to be predictive of career outcomes. These findings were consistent using both self-report and significant--other ratings of proactive personality.

Thermophysical Properties of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

Abstract: Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts that are liquid at low temperatures, usually including the region around room temperature. They are under intense investigation, especially as replacement solvents for reactions and separations, since they exhibit negligible vapor pressure and would not, therefore, contribute to air pollution. Clearly, basic thermophysical properties are vital for design and evaluation for these applications. We present density as a function of temperature, melting temperatures, glass-transition temperatures, decomposition temperatures, and heat capacities as a function of temperature for a series of 13 of the popular imidazolium-based ILs. The ionic liquids investigated here are 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tris(trifluoromethylsul...