Journal ArticleDOI
The immunology of asthma
Bart N. Lambrecht,Hamida Hammad +1 more
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TLDR
Results from in-depth molecular studies of mouse models in light of the results from the first clinical trials targeting key cytokines in humans are discussed and the extraordinary heterogeneity of asthma is described.Abstract:
Asthma is a common disease that affects 300 million people worldwide. Given the large number of eosinophils in the airways of people with mild asthma, and verified by data from murine models, asthma was long considered the hallmark T helper type 2 (T(H)2) disease of the airways. It is now known that some asthmatic inflammation is neutrophilic, controlled by the T(H)17 subset of helper T cells, and that some eosinophilic inflammation is controlled by type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2 cells) acting together with basophils. Here we discuss results from in-depth molecular studies of mouse models in light of the results from the first clinical trials targeting key cytokines in humans and describe the extraordinary heterogeneity of asthma.read more
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Human umbilical cord‑derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate the enteropathy of food allergies in mice
Nannan Yan,Jie Xu,Chuanxiang Zhao,Yi Wu,Fengwei Gao,Ci Li,Wenhui Zhou,Tengfei Xiao,Xiaoming Zhou,Qixiang Shao,Sheng Xia +10 more
TL;DR: The results revealed that hUC-MSCs may have a potential application in food allergy therapy and significantly decreased IgE levels and the percentage of T helper 2 cells in the blood, which were increased in mice with OVA-induced food allergy.
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Antagonistic Peptides That Specifically Bind to the First and Second Extracellular Loops of CCR5 and Anti-IL-23p19 Antibody Reduce Airway Inflammation by Suppressing the IL-23/Th17 Signaling Pathway
TL;DR: It is suggested that the administration of peptides antagonistic to CCR5 and/or anti-IL-23p19 can reduce airway inflammation in asthmatic mice, most likely through inhibition of the IL-23/Th17 signaling pathway, and the HY peptide can alleviate inflammation not only through the IL+Th17 pathway but also through other mechanisms that result in the regulation of inflammation.
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Influence of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells on lung homeostasis
TL;DR: The aim of this work is to analyze the modern scientific literature data on the effect of PNECs on the lung homeostasis in normal and pathological conditions and to suggest a neuroimmunological module for the reception and response to environmental chemoattractants.
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Options of immunotherapeutic treatments for children with asthma
TL;DR: Among the suggested immunotherapeutic options, omalizumab (blocking IgE) remains the first choice for atopic ‘early onset’ asthma in patients aged over 6 years, but mepolizumAB (blocking the IL5 ligand) should be considered for ‘eosinophilic’ Asthma.
Journal ArticleDOI
From Submerged Cultures to 3D Cell Culture Models: Evolution of Nasal Epithelial Cells in Asthma Research and Virus Infection
Malik Aydin,Ella A. Naumova,Aliyah Bellm,Ann-Kathrin Behrendt,Federica Giachero,Nora Bahlmann,Wenli Zhang,Stefan Wirth,Friedrich Paulsen,Wolfgang H. Arnold,Anja Ehrhardt +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview of different submerged, organotypic 3D and spheroid cell culture models of nasal epithelial cells, which were used to study asthma and allergy with a special focus on virus infection.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Predominant TH2-like bronchoalveolar T-lymphocyte population in atopic asthma
Douglas S. Robinson,Qutayba Hamid,Sun Ying,Anne Tsicopoulos,J. Barkans,Andrew Bentley,Christopher Corrigan,Stephen R. Durham,A. B. Kay +8 more
TL;DR: Atopic asthma is associated with activation in the bronchi of the interleukin-3, 4, and 5 and GM-CSF gene cluster, a pattern compatible with predominant activation of the TH2-like T-cell population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interleukin-13: Central Mediator of Allergic Asthma
Marsha Wills-Karp,Jackie Luyimbazi,Xueying Xu,Brian Schofield,Tamlyn Neben,Christopher L. Karp,Debra D. Donaldson +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the type 2 cytokine IL-13, which shares a receptor component and signaling pathways with IL-4, was found to be necessary and sufficient for the expression of allergic asthma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Eosinophilic inflammation in asthma.
Jean Bousquet,Pascal Chanez,J.-Y. Lacoste,G. Barneon,N Ghavanian,I. Enander,Per Venge,Staffan Ahlstedt,J Simony-Lafontaine,P. Godard +9 more
TL;DR: Eosinophilic inflammation of the airways is correlated with the severity of asthma and these cells are likely to play a part in the epithelial damage seen in this disease.
Journal Article
Interleukin-13: Central mediator of allergic asthma
Marsha Wills-Karp,Jackie Luyimbazi,Xueying Xu,Brian Schofield,Tamlyn Neben,Christopher L. Karp,Debra D. Donaldson +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the type 2 cytokine IL-13, which shares a receptor component and signaling pathways with IL-4, was found to be necessary and sufficient for the expression of allergic asthma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Asthma phenotypes: the evolution from clinical to molecular approaches
TL;DR: Ongoing studies of large-scale, molecularly and genetically focused and extensively clinically characterized cohorts of asthma should enhance the ability to molecularly understand these phenotypes and lead to more targeted and personalized approaches to asthma therapy.
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