Journal ArticleDOI
The immunology of asthma
Bart N. Lambrecht,Hamida Hammad +1 more
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TLDR
Results from in-depth molecular studies of mouse models in light of the results from the first clinical trials targeting key cytokines in humans are discussed and the extraordinary heterogeneity of asthma is described.Abstract:
Asthma is a common disease that affects 300 million people worldwide. Given the large number of eosinophils in the airways of people with mild asthma, and verified by data from murine models, asthma was long considered the hallmark T helper type 2 (T(H)2) disease of the airways. It is now known that some asthmatic inflammation is neutrophilic, controlled by the T(H)17 subset of helper T cells, and that some eosinophilic inflammation is controlled by type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2 cells) acting together with basophils. Here we discuss results from in-depth molecular studies of mouse models in light of the results from the first clinical trials targeting key cytokines in humans and describe the extraordinary heterogeneity of asthma.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Allergic asthma is distinguished by sensitivity of allergen-specific CD4+ T cells and airway structural cells to type 2 inflammation
Josalyn L. Cho,Morris Ling,David C. Adams,Lucas Faustino,Sabina A. Islam,Roshi Afshar,Jason W. Griffith,R. S. Harris,Aylwin Ng,Giorgia Radicioni,Amina A. Ford,Andre K. Han,Ramnik J. Xavier,Ramnik J. Xavier,William W. Kwok,Richard C. Boucher,James J. Moon,Daniel L. Hamilos,Mehmet Kesimer,Melissa J. Suter,Benjamin D. Medoff,Andrew D. Luster +21 more
TL;DR: The data demonstrate that the development of allergic asthma is dependent on the responsiveness of allergen-specific CD4+ T cells to innate type 2 mediators as well as increased sensitivity of airway epithelial cells and smooth muscle to type 2 inflammation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Urbanized microbiota in infants, immune constitution, and later risk of atopic diseases.
Jenni Lehtimäki,Jonathan Thorsen,Morten Arendt Rasmussen,Mathis Hjort Hjelmsø,Shiraz A. Shah,Martin S. Mortensen,Martin S. Mortensen,Urvish Trivedi,Gisle Vestergaard,Gisle Vestergaard,Klaus Bønnelykke,Bo L. Chawes,Susanne Brix,Søren J. Sørensen,Hans Bisgaard,Jakob Stokholm +15 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that urbanization related changes in the infant microbiota may elevate the risk of asthma and atopic traits, probably via crosstalk with the developing immune system and the airways may facilitate this effect as they are open for colonization by environmental, airborne microbes and serve as immune interface.
Book ChapterDOI
Deconstructing the sex bias in allergy and autoimmunity: From sex hormones and beyond.
TL;DR: The impact of sex hormones on the development and function of immune cell populations directly involved in type-2 immunity, and the role of the X-linked Toll like receptor 7 (TLR7) in anti-viral immunity and in SLE are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of biologics in severe eosinophilic asthma – focus on reslizumab
Girolamo Pelaia,Alessandro Vatrella,Maria Teresa Busceti,Luca Gallelli,Mariaimmacolata Preianò,Nicola Lombardo,Rosa Terracciano,Rosario Maselli +7 more
TL;DR: Reslizumab is a humanized anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody that has been found to be an effective and safe add-on therapy, capable of decreasing asthma exacerbations and significantly improving disease control and lung function in patients experiencing persistent allergic or nonallergic eosinophilic asthma, despite the regular use of moderate-to-high doses of inhaled corticosteroids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human Lung Mononuclear Phagocytes in Health and Disease
TL;DR: This review provides an update on existing studies investigating human respiratory MNP populations during health and disease, and indicates that specific lung MNPs may be targeted or modulated in order to attain favorable responses that can improve preventive or treatment strategies against respiratory infections, lung cancer, or lung inflammatory diseases.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Predominant TH2-like bronchoalveolar T-lymphocyte population in atopic asthma
Douglas S. Robinson,Qutayba Hamid,Sun Ying,Anne Tsicopoulos,J. Barkans,Andrew Bentley,Christopher Corrigan,Stephen R. Durham,A. B. Kay +8 more
TL;DR: Atopic asthma is associated with activation in the bronchi of the interleukin-3, 4, and 5 and GM-CSF gene cluster, a pattern compatible with predominant activation of the TH2-like T-cell population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interleukin-13: Central Mediator of Allergic Asthma
Marsha Wills-Karp,Jackie Luyimbazi,Xueying Xu,Brian Schofield,Tamlyn Neben,Christopher L. Karp,Debra D. Donaldson +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the type 2 cytokine IL-13, which shares a receptor component and signaling pathways with IL-4, was found to be necessary and sufficient for the expression of allergic asthma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Eosinophilic inflammation in asthma.
Jean Bousquet,Pascal Chanez,J.-Y. Lacoste,G. Barneon,N Ghavanian,I. Enander,Per Venge,Staffan Ahlstedt,J Simony-Lafontaine,P. Godard +9 more
TL;DR: Eosinophilic inflammation of the airways is correlated with the severity of asthma and these cells are likely to play a part in the epithelial damage seen in this disease.
Journal Article
Interleukin-13: Central mediator of allergic asthma
Marsha Wills-Karp,Jackie Luyimbazi,Xueying Xu,Brian Schofield,Tamlyn Neben,Christopher L. Karp,Debra D. Donaldson +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the type 2 cytokine IL-13, which shares a receptor component and signaling pathways with IL-4, was found to be necessary and sufficient for the expression of allergic asthma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Asthma phenotypes: the evolution from clinical to molecular approaches
TL;DR: Ongoing studies of large-scale, molecularly and genetically focused and extensively clinically characterized cohorts of asthma should enhance the ability to molecularly understand these phenotypes and lead to more targeted and personalized approaches to asthma therapy.
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