Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional regulation by Polycomb group proteins.
TLDR
The current knowledge of the PRC complexes is discussed, how they are targeted to chromatin and how the high diversity of the PcG proteins allows these complexes to influence cell identity.Abstract:
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins function within Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), which modify histones and other proteins and silence target genes. This Review highlights new insights into the role of PcG proteins in gene regulation, specifically in controlling self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells, and into how PRCs are targeted to chromatin.read more
Citations
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Unique features of long non-coding RNA biogenesis and function
Jeffrey J. Quinn,Howard Y. Chang +1 more
TL;DR: This Review describes special events in the lifetimes of lncRNAs — before, during and after transcription — and discusses how these events ultimately shape the unique characteristics and functional roles of lNCRNAs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Targeting EZH2 in cancer
TL;DR: A unifying perspective is synthesized that the promotion of cancer arises from disruption of the role of EZH2 as a master regulator of transcription.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer Epigenetics: Tumor Heterogeneity, Plasticity of Stem-like States, and Drug Resistance
TL;DR: The possible role of epigenetic abnormalities as well as genetic alterations in such dynamics and in the creation of cellular heterogeneity in cancers of all types are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interpreting the language of histone and DNA modifications
TL;DR: Key recent advances in the understanding of the epigenetic language encompassing histone and DNA modifications are highlighted and foreshadow challenges that lie ahead as the authors continue the quest to decipher the fundamental mechanisms of chromatin regulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional plasticity promotes primary and acquired resistance to BET inhibition
Philipp Rathert,Mareike Roth,Tobias Neumann,Felix Muerdter,Jae Seok Roe,Matthias Muhar,Sumit Deswal,Sabine Cerny-Reiterer,Barbara Peter,Julian Jude,Thomas Hoffmann,Łukasz M. Boryń,Elin Axelsson,Norbert Schweifer,Ulrike Tontsch-Grunt,Lukas E. Dow,Davide Gianni,Mark Pearson,Peter Valent,Alexander Stark,Norbert Kraut,Christopher R. Vakoc,Johannes Zuber +22 more
TL;DR: The results identify and validate WNT signalling as a driver and candidate biomarker of primary and acquired BET resistance in leukaemia, and implicate the rewiring of transcriptional programs as an important mechanism promoting resistance to BET inhibitors and, potentially, other chromatin-targeted therapies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
dKDM2 couples histone H2A ubiquitylation to histone H3 demethylation during Polycomb group silencing
Anna Lagarou,Adone Mohd-Sarip,Yuri M. Moshkin,Gillian E. Chalkley,Karel Bezstarosti,Jeroen Demmers,C. Peter Verrijzer +6 more
TL;DR: A novel mode of histone crosstalk during gene silencing is described, in which histone H2A monoubiquitylation is coupled to the removal of hist one H3 Lys 36 dimethylation (H3K36me2).
Journal ArticleDOI
Polycomb complexes in stem cells and embryonic development.
TL;DR: Intriguingly, it appears that particular PcG proteins have specific functions in embryonic development, in pluripotent stem cells and in reprogramming somatic cells into a pluripoline-like state.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromosomal distribution of PcG proteins during Drosophila development.
Nicolas Nègre,Jérôme Hennetin,Ling V. Sun,Sergey Lavrov,Michel Bellis,Kevin P. White,Giacomo Cavalli +6 more
TL;DR: The binding profile of the PcG proteins Polycomb (PC) and Polyhomeotic (PH) and the distribution of GAGA factor (GAF) is analyzed, suggesting that the function of these proteins in the regulation of some of their target genes might be more dynamic than previously anticipated.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Histone Mutant Reproduces the Phenotype Caused by Loss of Histone-Modifying Factor Polycomb
TL;DR: It is shown in Drosophila that a point mutation in lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3-K27) fails to repress transcription of genes that are normally repressed by Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), the methyltransferase that modifies H3- K27.
Journal ArticleDOI
Histone H2A Mono-Ubiquitination Is a Crucial Step to Mediate PRC1-Dependent Repression of Developmental Genes to Maintain ES Cell Identity
Mitsuhiro Endoh,Takaho A. Endo,Tamie Endoh,Kyoichi Isono,Jafar Sharif,Osamu Ohara,Tetsuro Toyoda,Takashi Ito,Ragnhild Eskeland,Wendy A. Bickmore,Miguel Vidal,Bradley E. Bernstein,Bradley E. Bernstein,Haruhiko Koseki +13 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that multiple effector mechanisms including H2A ubiquitination and chromatin compaction combine to mediate PRC1-dependent repression of genes that are crucial for the maintenance of ESC identity.