Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional regulation by Polycomb group proteins.
TLDR
The current knowledge of the PRC complexes is discussed, how they are targeted to chromatin and how the high diversity of the PcG proteins allows these complexes to influence cell identity.Abstract:
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins function within Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), which modify histones and other proteins and silence target genes. This Review highlights new insights into the role of PcG proteins in gene regulation, specifically in controlling self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells, and into how PRCs are targeted to chromatin.read more
Citations
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Epigenetic loss of AOX1 expression via EZH2 leads to metabolic deregulations and promotes bladder cancer progression
Venkatrao Vantaku,Vasanta Putluri,David A. Bader,Suman Maity,Jing Ma,James M. Arnold,Kimal Rajapakshe,Sri Ramya Donepudi,Friedrich Carl von Rundstedt,Friedrich Carl von Rundstedt,Vaishnavi Devarakonda,Julien Dubrulle,Balasubramanyam Karanam,Sean E. McGuire,Fabio Stossi,Abhinav K. Jain,Cristian Coarfa,Qi Cao,Andrew G. Sikora,Hugo Villanueva,Shyam M. Kavuri,Yair Lotan,Arun Sreekumar,Nagireddy Putluri +23 more
TL;DR: It is shown that distinct, stage-wise metabolic alterations in BLCA are associated with the loss of function of aldehyde oxidase (AOX1), and the findings highlight the therapeutic potential of AOX1 and provide a basis for the development of prognostic markers for advanced B LCA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 in Genomic Instability and Cancer.
TL;DR: The existing evidence and molecular mechanisms linking PRC-mediated epigenetic aberrations to genomic instability and malignancy are summarized, with a particular focus on the role of deregulated PRC2 in tumor suppressor gene expression, the DNA damage response, and the fidelity of DNA replication.
Journal ArticleDOI
A miR-200c/141-BMI1 autoregulatory loop regulates oncogenic activity of BMI1 in cancer cells
TL;DR: The studies suggest a reciprocal regulation between BMI1 and miR-200c/141 cluster, and that BMI1 inhibitory drugs can further amplify their inhibitory effects on BMI1 via multiple mechanisms including posttranscriptional regulation by upregulating BMI1 targeting miRNAs.
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Analyses of publicly available genomics resources define FGF-2-expressing bladder carcinomas as EMT-prone, proliferative tumors with low mutation rates and high expression of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1.
TL;DR: A model according to which FGF-2 induces EMT, cell proliferation and cancer stem cell self-renewal by coupling the Akt3 and KDM2B-controlled pathways outlined above, in bladder carcinomas is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards understanding of PRC2 binding to RNA.
TL;DR: The current understanding of different modes of RNA binding by PRC2 is summarized, and perspectives, key questions and therapeutic applications ofPRC2 binding to RNAs are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
TL;DR: The X-ray crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin shows in atomic detail how the histone protein octamer is assembled and how 146 base pairs of DNA are organized into a superhelix around it.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-resolution profiling of histone methylations in the human genome.
Artem Barski,Suresh Cuddapah,Kairong Cui,Tae-Young Roh,Dustin E. Schones,Zhibin Wang,Gang Wei,Iouri Chepelev,Keji Zhao +8 more
TL;DR: High-resolution maps for the genome-wide distribution of 20 histone lysine and arginine methylations as well as histone variant H2A.Z, RNA polymerase II, and the insulator binding protein CTCF across the human genome using the Solexa 1G sequencing technology are generated.
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Functional Demarcation of Active and Silent Chromatin Domains in Human HOX Loci by Noncoding RNAs
John L. Rinn,Michael Kertesz,Jordon K. Wang,Sharon L. Squazzo,Xiao Xu,Samantha A. Brugmann,L. Henry Goodnough,Jill A. Helms,Peggy J. Farnham,Eran Segal,Howard Y. Chang +10 more
TL;DR: The transcriptional landscape of the four human HOX loci is characterized at five base pair resolution in 11 anatomic sites and 231 HOX ncRNAs are identified that extend known transcribed regions by more than 30 kilobases, suggesting transcription of ncRNA may demarcate chromosomal domains of gene silencing at a distance.
Journal ArticleDOI
A gene complex controlling segmentation in Drosophila.
TL;DR: The wild-type and mutant segmentation patterns are consistent with an antero-posterior gradient in repressor concentration along the embryo and a proximo-distal gradient along the chromosome in the affinities for repressor of each gene's cis-regulatory element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Many human large intergenic noncoding RNAs associate with chromatin-modifying complexes and affect gene expression
Ahmad M. Khalil,Mitchell Guttman,Maite Huarte,Manuel Garber,Arjun Raj,Dianali Rivea Morales,Kelly Thomas,Aviva Presser,Bradley E. Bernstein,Alexander van Oudenaarden,Aviv Regev,Eric S. Lander,John L. Rinn +12 more
TL;DR: A model in which some lincRNAs guide chromatin-modifying complexes to specific genomic loci to regulate gene expression is proposed, and it is shown that siRNA-mediated depletion of certain linc RNAs associated with PRC2 leads to changes in gene expression.