Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional regulation by Polycomb group proteins.
TLDR
The current knowledge of the PRC complexes is discussed, how they are targeted to chromatin and how the high diversity of the PcG proteins allows these complexes to influence cell identity.Abstract:
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins function within Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), which modify histones and other proteins and silence target genes. This Review highlights new insights into the role of PcG proteins in gene regulation, specifically in controlling self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells, and into how PRCs are targeted to chromatin.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The recruitment of chromatin modifiers by long noncoding RNAs: lessons from PRC2
Chen Davidovich,Thomas R. Cech +1 more
TL;DR: A critical review of existing models for the recruitment of PRC2 to chromatin by RNAs is provided to serve researchers who are studying the recruits of other chromatin modifiers by lncRNAs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phase separation of Polycomb-repressive complex 1 is governed by a charged disordered region of CBX2
Aaron J. Plys,Christopher P. Davis,Jongmin Kim,Gizem Rizki,Madeline M. Keenen,Sharon K. Marr,Robert E. Kingston +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that reconstituted PRC1 readily phase-separates into droplets in vitro at low concentrations and physiological salt conditions, and this behavior is driven by the CBX2 subunit.
Journal ArticleDOI
Single-Cell Chromatin Modification Profiling Reveals Increased Epigenetic Variations with Aging
Peggie Cheung,Francesco Vallania,Hayley Warsinske,Michele Donato,Steven Schaffert,Sarah E. Chang,Mai Dvorak,Cornelia L. Dekker,Mark M. Davis,Paul J. Utz,Purvesh Khatri,Alex J. Kuo +11 more
TL;DR: A highly multiplexed mass cytometry analysis is employed to profile the global levels of a broad array of chromatin modifications in primary human immune cells at the single-cell level and demonstrates that aging-related chromatin alterations are predominantly driven by non-heritable influences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Th2 Cells in Health and Disease.
Toshinori Nakayama,Kiyoshi Hirahara,Atsushi Onodera,Yusuke Endo,Hiroyuki Hosokawa,Kenta Shinoda,Damon J. Tumes,Yoshitaka Okamoto +7 more
TL;DR: To better understand these disease-driving cell populations, a model called the pathogenic Th population disease induction model is developed that may spur new, effective strategies for treating intractable chronic inflammatory disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
The polycomb group protein regulatory network.
Iva Mozgová,Lars Hennig +1 more
TL;DR: Advances in understanding of the composition, mechanisms of targeting, and function of plant PRCs are reviewed and parallels and differences between plant and animal models are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
TL;DR: The X-ray crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin shows in atomic detail how the histone protein octamer is assembled and how 146 base pairs of DNA are organized into a superhelix around it.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-resolution profiling of histone methylations in the human genome.
Artem Barski,Suresh Cuddapah,Kairong Cui,Tae-Young Roh,Dustin E. Schones,Zhibin Wang,Gang Wei,Iouri Chepelev,Keji Zhao +8 more
TL;DR: High-resolution maps for the genome-wide distribution of 20 histone lysine and arginine methylations as well as histone variant H2A.Z, RNA polymerase II, and the insulator binding protein CTCF across the human genome using the Solexa 1G sequencing technology are generated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional Demarcation of Active and Silent Chromatin Domains in Human HOX Loci by Noncoding RNAs
John L. Rinn,Michael Kertesz,Jordon K. Wang,Sharon L. Squazzo,Xiao Xu,Samantha A. Brugmann,L. Henry Goodnough,Jill A. Helms,Peggy J. Farnham,Eran Segal,Howard Y. Chang +10 more
TL;DR: The transcriptional landscape of the four human HOX loci is characterized at five base pair resolution in 11 anatomic sites and 231 HOX ncRNAs are identified that extend known transcribed regions by more than 30 kilobases, suggesting transcription of ncRNA may demarcate chromosomal domains of gene silencing at a distance.
Journal ArticleDOI
A gene complex controlling segmentation in Drosophila.
TL;DR: The wild-type and mutant segmentation patterns are consistent with an antero-posterior gradient in repressor concentration along the embryo and a proximo-distal gradient along the chromosome in the affinities for repressor of each gene's cis-regulatory element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Many human large intergenic noncoding RNAs associate with chromatin-modifying complexes and affect gene expression
Ahmad M. Khalil,Mitchell Guttman,Maite Huarte,Manuel Garber,Arjun Raj,Dianali Rivea Morales,Kelly Thomas,Aviva Presser,Bradley E. Bernstein,Alexander van Oudenaarden,Aviv Regev,Eric S. Lander,John L. Rinn +12 more
TL;DR: A model in which some lincRNAs guide chromatin-modifying complexes to specific genomic loci to regulate gene expression is proposed, and it is shown that siRNA-mediated depletion of certain linc RNAs associated with PRC2 leads to changes in gene expression.