Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional regulation by Polycomb group proteins.
TLDR
The current knowledge of the PRC complexes is discussed, how they are targeted to chromatin and how the high diversity of the PcG proteins allows these complexes to influence cell identity.Abstract:
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins function within Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), which modify histones and other proteins and silence target genes. This Review highlights new insights into the role of PcG proteins in gene regulation, specifically in controlling self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells, and into how PRCs are targeted to chromatin.read more
Citations
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Epigenetic engineering shows that a human centromere resists silencing mediated by H3K27me3/K9me3
Nuno Martins,Jan H. Bergmann,Nobuaki Shono,Hiroshi Kimura,Vladimir Larionov,Hiroshi Masumoto,William C. Earnshaw +6 more
TL;DR: Centromeres are embedded within heterochromatin but are transcriptionally active and resist repression mediated by nucleation of repressive marks H3K27me3 via tethering of EZH2 or the SET domain of Suv39h1, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Control of mesenchymal stem cell biology by histone modifications.
TL;DR: Recent discoveries regarding the effects of histone modifications on MSC biology are summarized and insights and perspectives for future applications are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Live-cell single particle tracking of PRC1 reveals a highly dynamic system with low target site occupancy.
Miles K. Huseyin,Robert J. Klose +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used genome engineering and single particle tracking to dissect how PRC1 binds to chromatin in live mouse embryonic stem cells, revealing that this repressor is highly dynamic, with only a small fraction stably interacting with chromatin.
Journal ArticleDOI
PARP1-dependent recruitment of the FBXL10-RNF68-RNF2 ubiquitin ligase to sites of DNA damage controls H2A.Z loading.
Gergely Róna,Domenico Roberti,Yandong Yin,Julia K. Pagan,Harrison Homer,Elizabeth Sassani,András Zeke,Luca Busino,Eli Rothenberg,Michele Pagano +9 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the recruitment of the FRRUC represents an early and critical regulatory step in HRR, and is rapidly and transiently recruited to sites of DNA damage in a PARP1- and TIMELESS-dependent manner to promote mono-ubiquitylation of H 2A at Lys119, a local decrease of H2A levels, and an increase of H1A.Z incorporation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subtype-specific regulatory network rewiring in acute myeloid leukemia
Constanze Boniferi,Salam A. Assi,Maria Rosaria Imperato,Daniel J. L. Coleman,Anetta Ptasinska,Anna Pickin,Sandeep Potluri,Pierre Cauchy,Paulynn Suyin Chin,Olaf Heidenreich,Peter N. Cockerill +10 more
TL;DR: Subtype-specific regulatory network rewiring in acute myeloid 1 leukemia requires further investigation to establish a cause-and-effect relationship and assess the importance of ‘cell reprograming’.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
TL;DR: The X-ray crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin shows in atomic detail how the histone protein octamer is assembled and how 146 base pairs of DNA are organized into a superhelix around it.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-resolution profiling of histone methylations in the human genome.
Artem Barski,Suresh Cuddapah,Kairong Cui,Tae-Young Roh,Dustin E. Schones,Zhibin Wang,Gang Wei,Iouri Chepelev,Keji Zhao +8 more
TL;DR: High-resolution maps for the genome-wide distribution of 20 histone lysine and arginine methylations as well as histone variant H2A.Z, RNA polymerase II, and the insulator binding protein CTCF across the human genome using the Solexa 1G sequencing technology are generated.
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Functional Demarcation of Active and Silent Chromatin Domains in Human HOX Loci by Noncoding RNAs
John L. Rinn,Michael Kertesz,Jordon K. Wang,Sharon L. Squazzo,Xiao Xu,Samantha A. Brugmann,L. Henry Goodnough,Jill A. Helms,Peggy J. Farnham,Eran Segal,Howard Y. Chang +10 more
TL;DR: The transcriptional landscape of the four human HOX loci is characterized at five base pair resolution in 11 anatomic sites and 231 HOX ncRNAs are identified that extend known transcribed regions by more than 30 kilobases, suggesting transcription of ncRNA may demarcate chromosomal domains of gene silencing at a distance.
Journal ArticleDOI
A gene complex controlling segmentation in Drosophila.
TL;DR: The wild-type and mutant segmentation patterns are consistent with an antero-posterior gradient in repressor concentration along the embryo and a proximo-distal gradient along the chromosome in the affinities for repressor of each gene's cis-regulatory element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Many human large intergenic noncoding RNAs associate with chromatin-modifying complexes and affect gene expression
Ahmad M. Khalil,Mitchell Guttman,Maite Huarte,Manuel Garber,Arjun Raj,Dianali Rivea Morales,Kelly Thomas,Aviva Presser,Bradley E. Bernstein,Alexander van Oudenaarden,Aviv Regev,Eric S. Lander,John L. Rinn +12 more
TL;DR: A model in which some lincRNAs guide chromatin-modifying complexes to specific genomic loci to regulate gene expression is proposed, and it is shown that siRNA-mediated depletion of certain linc RNAs associated with PRC2 leads to changes in gene expression.