Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional regulation by Polycomb group proteins.
TLDR
The current knowledge of the PRC complexes is discussed, how they are targeted to chromatin and how the high diversity of the PcG proteins allows these complexes to influence cell identity.Abstract:
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins function within Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), which modify histones and other proteins and silence target genes. This Review highlights new insights into the role of PcG proteins in gene regulation, specifically in controlling self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells, and into how PRCs are targeted to chromatin.read more
Citations
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The polycomb group protein PCGF6 mediates germline gene silencing by recruiting histone-modifying proteins to target gene promoters
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that PCGF6 plays an essential role in embryonic development, indicated by the partially penetrant embryonic lethality in homozygous PCGF 6 (Pcgf6−/−)-deficient mice, and it is found that surviving PcgF6- deficient mice exhibit reduced fertility.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current understanding of flowering pathways in plants: focusing on the vernalization pathway in Arabidopsis and several vegetable crop plants
TL;DR: A review of the current understandings of the flowering pathways elucidated in Arabidopsis focuses on understanding the vernalization pathway inArabidopsis as well as in several horticultural crop plants, including those of the genus Brassica.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bioinformatic and proteomic analysis of bulk histones reveals PTM crosstalk and chromatin features.
Chunchao Zhang,Shan Gao,Anthony J. Molascon,Zhe Wang,Martin A. Gorovsky,Yifan Liu,Philip C. Andrews +6 more
TL;DR: This work has established a novel bioinformatic and proteomic approach to histone PTM crosstalk that can be adapted to other organisms and readily scaled up to allow increased resolution of chromatin states.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic control in Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection and associated disease.
TL;DR: The fact that heritable histone modifications have also been shown to regulate viral gene expression programs in KSHV-infected tumor cells underlines the importance of epigenetic control during latency and tumorigenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The miR-125a and miR-320c are potential tumor suppressor microRNAs epigenetically silenced by the polycomb repressive complex 2 in multiple myeloma
TL;DR: The data from the recent article shed a new light onto the oncogenic function of the PRC2 in MM and found EZH2 inhibition to reactivate the expression of miR-494, a previously reported regulator of the c-MYC oncogene.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
TL;DR: The X-ray crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin shows in atomic detail how the histone protein octamer is assembled and how 146 base pairs of DNA are organized into a superhelix around it.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-resolution profiling of histone methylations in the human genome.
Artem Barski,Suresh Cuddapah,Kairong Cui,Tae-Young Roh,Dustin E. Schones,Zhibin Wang,Gang Wei,Iouri Chepelev,Keji Zhao +8 more
TL;DR: High-resolution maps for the genome-wide distribution of 20 histone lysine and arginine methylations as well as histone variant H2A.Z, RNA polymerase II, and the insulator binding protein CTCF across the human genome using the Solexa 1G sequencing technology are generated.
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Functional Demarcation of Active and Silent Chromatin Domains in Human HOX Loci by Noncoding RNAs
John L. Rinn,Michael Kertesz,Jordon K. Wang,Sharon L. Squazzo,Xiao Xu,Samantha A. Brugmann,L. Henry Goodnough,Jill A. Helms,Peggy J. Farnham,Eran Segal,Howard Y. Chang +10 more
TL;DR: The transcriptional landscape of the four human HOX loci is characterized at five base pair resolution in 11 anatomic sites and 231 HOX ncRNAs are identified that extend known transcribed regions by more than 30 kilobases, suggesting transcription of ncRNA may demarcate chromosomal domains of gene silencing at a distance.
Journal ArticleDOI
A gene complex controlling segmentation in Drosophila.
TL;DR: The wild-type and mutant segmentation patterns are consistent with an antero-posterior gradient in repressor concentration along the embryo and a proximo-distal gradient along the chromosome in the affinities for repressor of each gene's cis-regulatory element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Many human large intergenic noncoding RNAs associate with chromatin-modifying complexes and affect gene expression
Ahmad M. Khalil,Mitchell Guttman,Maite Huarte,Manuel Garber,Arjun Raj,Dianali Rivea Morales,Kelly Thomas,Aviva Presser,Bradley E. Bernstein,Alexander van Oudenaarden,Aviv Regev,Eric S. Lander,John L. Rinn +12 more
TL;DR: A model in which some lincRNAs guide chromatin-modifying complexes to specific genomic loci to regulate gene expression is proposed, and it is shown that siRNA-mediated depletion of certain linc RNAs associated with PRC2 leads to changes in gene expression.