Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional regulation by Polycomb group proteins.
TLDR
The current knowledge of the PRC complexes is discussed, how they are targeted to chromatin and how the high diversity of the PcG proteins allows these complexes to influence cell identity.Abstract:
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins function within Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), which modify histones and other proteins and silence target genes. This Review highlights new insights into the role of PcG proteins in gene regulation, specifically in controlling self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells, and into how PRCs are targeted to chromatin.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Essential Role for Polycomb Group Protein Pcgf6 in Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and a Noncanonical Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) Integrity.
TL;DR: The results reveal a previously uncharacterized, H2AK119ub1-independent chromatin assembly associated with PRC1.6 complex, and find Pcgf6 null embryonic stem cells display severe defects in self-renewal and differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological functions of chromobox (CBX) proteins in stem cell self-renewal, lineage-commitment, cancer and development.
Andre J. van Wijnen,Leila Bagheri,Amr Badreldin,A. Noelle Larson,Amel Dudakovic,Roman Thaler,Christopher R. Paradise,Zhong Wu +7 more
TL;DR: Biological, cellular and molecular functions of CBX proteins and their physiological and pathological activities in non-skeletal cells and tissues are discussed in anticipation of new discoveries on novel roles forCBX proteins in bone formation and skeletal development.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNA polymerase II primes Polycomb-repressed developmental genes throughout terminal neuronal differentiation
Carmelo Ferrai,Carmelo Ferrai,Elena Torlai Triglia,Jessica R. Risner-Janiczek,Tiago Rito,Owen J. L. Rackham,Ines de Santiago,Alexander Kukalev,Mario Nicodemi,Altuna Akalin,Meng Li,Mark A. Ungless,Ana Pombo +12 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the tight interplay between RNAPII poising and Polycomb repression not only instructs promoter state transitions, but also may enable promoter plasticity in differentiated cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of Small-Molecule Inhibitors Against Zika Virus Infection
Lili Wang,Ruiying Liang,Yaning Gao,Yanbai Li,Xiaoqian Deng,Rong Xiang,Yina Zhang,Tianlei Ying,Shibo Jiang,Fei Yu +9 more
TL;DR: The different stages of the ZikV life cycle is described and the latest progress in the development of small-molecule inhibitors against ZIKV infection is summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional Proteomic Analysis of Repressive Histone Methyltransferase Complexes Reveals ZNF518B as a G9A Regulator
Verena K. Maier,Caitlin M. Feeney,Jordan E. Taylor,Amanda L. Creech,Jana W. Qiao,Attila Szanto,Partha Pratim Das,Nicholas Chevrier,Catherine Cifuentes-Rojas,Stuart H. Orkin,Steven A. Carr,Jacob D. Jaffe,Philipp Mertins,Jeannie T. Lee +13 more
TL;DR: This work presents a new approach that combines quantitative interaction proteomics with global chromatin profiling to functionally characterize repressive chromatin modifying protein complexes in embryonic stem cells and discovers that even sub-stoichiometric binding partners such as ZNF518B can positively regulate global H3K9me2 levels.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
TL;DR: The X-ray crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin shows in atomic detail how the histone protein octamer is assembled and how 146 base pairs of DNA are organized into a superhelix around it.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-resolution profiling of histone methylations in the human genome.
Artem Barski,Suresh Cuddapah,Kairong Cui,Tae-Young Roh,Dustin E. Schones,Zhibin Wang,Gang Wei,Iouri Chepelev,Keji Zhao +8 more
TL;DR: High-resolution maps for the genome-wide distribution of 20 histone lysine and arginine methylations as well as histone variant H2A.Z, RNA polymerase II, and the insulator binding protein CTCF across the human genome using the Solexa 1G sequencing technology are generated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional Demarcation of Active and Silent Chromatin Domains in Human HOX Loci by Noncoding RNAs
John L. Rinn,Michael Kertesz,Jordon K. Wang,Sharon L. Squazzo,Xiao Xu,Samantha A. Brugmann,L. Henry Goodnough,Jill A. Helms,Peggy J. Farnham,Eran Segal,Howard Y. Chang +10 more
TL;DR: The transcriptional landscape of the four human HOX loci is characterized at five base pair resolution in 11 anatomic sites and 231 HOX ncRNAs are identified that extend known transcribed regions by more than 30 kilobases, suggesting transcription of ncRNA may demarcate chromosomal domains of gene silencing at a distance.
Journal ArticleDOI
A gene complex controlling segmentation in Drosophila.
TL;DR: The wild-type and mutant segmentation patterns are consistent with an antero-posterior gradient in repressor concentration along the embryo and a proximo-distal gradient along the chromosome in the affinities for repressor of each gene's cis-regulatory element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Many human large intergenic noncoding RNAs associate with chromatin-modifying complexes and affect gene expression
Ahmad M. Khalil,Mitchell Guttman,Maite Huarte,Manuel Garber,Arjun Raj,Dianali Rivea Morales,Kelly Thomas,Aviva Presser,Bradley E. Bernstein,Alexander van Oudenaarden,Aviv Regev,Eric S. Lander,John L. Rinn +12 more
TL;DR: A model in which some lincRNAs guide chromatin-modifying complexes to specific genomic loci to regulate gene expression is proposed, and it is shown that siRNA-mediated depletion of certain linc RNAs associated with PRC2 leads to changes in gene expression.