Journal ArticleDOI
Transcriptional regulation by Polycomb group proteins.
TLDR
The current knowledge of the PRC complexes is discussed, how they are targeted to chromatin and how the high diversity of the PcG proteins allows these complexes to influence cell identity.Abstract:
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins function within Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs), which modify histones and other proteins and silence target genes. This Review highlights new insights into the role of PcG proteins in gene regulation, specifically in controlling self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells, and into how PRCs are targeted to chromatin.read more
Citations
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Wnt2 complements Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer.
TL;DR: The results reveal the unexpected roles of Wnt2 in complementing Wnt/β-catenin signaling for CRC cell proliferation, and WNT2 expression is de-repressed by the loss of PRC2's promoter occupancy in CRC cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
An interplay between plasticity and parental phenotype determines impacts of ocean acidification on a reef fish.
Celia Schunter,Megan J. Welch,Göran E. Nilsson,Jodie L. Rummer,Philip L. Munday,Timothy Ravasi +5 more
TL;DR: It is found that altered gene expression for the majority of within-generation responses returns to baseline levels following parental exposure to elevated CO2 conditions, showing the importance of parental variation and transgenerational effects in the response of fish to ocean acidification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of EZH2 in cancer stem cells: from biological insight to a therapeutic target.
TL;DR: Up-to-date information regarding EZH2 expression patterns, functions, and molecular mechanisms in cancer stem cells in various malignant tumors are reviewed and the therapeutic potential of targeting EZh2 in tumors is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Specific Contributions of Cohesin-SA1 and Cohesin-SA2 to TADs and Polycomb Domains in Embryonic Stem Cells
Ana Cuadrado,Daniel Giménez-Llorente,Aleksandar Kojic,Miriam Rodríguez-Corsino,Yasmina Cuartero,Guillermo Martín-Serrano,Gonzalo Gómez-López,Marc A. Marti-Renom,Ana Losada +8 more
TL;DR: It is found that cohesin-SA2 facilitates Polycomb domain compaction through Polycomb repressing complex 1 (PRC1) recruitment and promotes the establishment of long-range interaction networks between distant Polycomb-bound promoters that are important for gene repression.
Journal ArticleDOI
RYBP/YAF2-PRC1 complexes and histone H1-dependent chromatin compaction mediate propagation of H2AK119ub1 during cell division.
Jicheng Zhao,Min Wang,Luyuan Chang,Juan Yu,Aoqun Song,Cuifang Liu,Wenjun Huang,Tiantian Zhang,Xudong Wu,Xiaohua Shen,Bing Zhu,Guohong Li +11 more
TL;DR: It is shown that H2AK119ub1 is propagated during cell division through positive feedback mediated by the variant PRC1 complex containing RYBP or YAF2 and promoted by histone H1-mediated chromatin compaction.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
TL;DR: The X-ray crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin shows in atomic detail how the histone protein octamer is assembled and how 146 base pairs of DNA are organized into a superhelix around it.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-resolution profiling of histone methylations in the human genome.
Artem Barski,Suresh Cuddapah,Kairong Cui,Tae-Young Roh,Dustin E. Schones,Zhibin Wang,Gang Wei,Iouri Chepelev,Keji Zhao +8 more
TL;DR: High-resolution maps for the genome-wide distribution of 20 histone lysine and arginine methylations as well as histone variant H2A.Z, RNA polymerase II, and the insulator binding protein CTCF across the human genome using the Solexa 1G sequencing technology are generated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional Demarcation of Active and Silent Chromatin Domains in Human HOX Loci by Noncoding RNAs
John L. Rinn,Michael Kertesz,Jordon K. Wang,Sharon L. Squazzo,Xiao Xu,Samantha A. Brugmann,L. Henry Goodnough,Jill A. Helms,Peggy J. Farnham,Eran Segal,Howard Y. Chang +10 more
TL;DR: The transcriptional landscape of the four human HOX loci is characterized at five base pair resolution in 11 anatomic sites and 231 HOX ncRNAs are identified that extend known transcribed regions by more than 30 kilobases, suggesting transcription of ncRNA may demarcate chromosomal domains of gene silencing at a distance.
Journal ArticleDOI
A gene complex controlling segmentation in Drosophila.
TL;DR: The wild-type and mutant segmentation patterns are consistent with an antero-posterior gradient in repressor concentration along the embryo and a proximo-distal gradient along the chromosome in the affinities for repressor of each gene's cis-regulatory element.
Journal ArticleDOI
Many human large intergenic noncoding RNAs associate with chromatin-modifying complexes and affect gene expression
Ahmad M. Khalil,Mitchell Guttman,Maite Huarte,Manuel Garber,Arjun Raj,Dianali Rivea Morales,Kelly Thomas,Aviva Presser,Bradley E. Bernstein,Alexander van Oudenaarden,Aviv Regev,Eric S. Lander,John L. Rinn +12 more
TL;DR: A model in which some lincRNAs guide chromatin-modifying complexes to specific genomic loci to regulate gene expression is proposed, and it is shown that siRNA-mediated depletion of certain linc RNAs associated with PRC2 leads to changes in gene expression.