Barry Hardy

TL;DR: The history of the AOP concept and its most prominent strengths are discussed, including the advantages of a formalized approach, the systematic collection of weight of evidence, the linkage of mechanisms to apical end points, the examination of the plausibility of epidemiological data, the identification of critical knowledge gaps and the design of mechanistic test methods.

TL;DR: Some of the key advances in the hazard and risk assessment of ENMs are highlighted, which may pave the way to safe nanomaterial-driven innovations.

TL;DR: An overview on current regulations of chemicals and the requirements for animal tests in environmental hazard and risk assessment is provided and the potential areas for alternative approaches to animal tests using vertebrates in environmental toxicology are highlighted.

TL;DR: The introduced toxicotranscriptomics directory offers a basis for a rationale choice of candidate genes for biomarker evaluation studies and represents an easy to use source of background information on chemically influenced genes.

TL;DR: The publication presents a novel approach for determining the reliability of in silico predictions alongside experimental data and discusses how to determine the level of confidence in the assessment based on the relevance and reliability of the information.