B
Biju Abraham
Researcher at Government College
Publications - 12
Citations - 20596
Biju Abraham is an academic researcher from Government College. The author has contributed to research in topics: Years of potential life lost & Life expectancy. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 12 publications receiving 16718 citations.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Mohammad H. Forouzanfar,Lily Alexander,H. Ross Anderson,Victoria F Bachman,Stan Biryukov,Michael Brauer,Richard T. Burnett,Daniel Casey,Daniel Casey,Matthew M Coates,Aaron Cohen,Kristen Delwiche,Kara Estep,Joseph Frostad,K. C. Astha,Hmwe H Kyu,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Marie Ng,Erica Leigh Slepak,Bernadette Thomas,Joseph A Wagner,Gunn Marit Aasvang,Cristiana Abbafati,Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren,Foad Abd-Allah,Semaw Ferede Abera,Semaw Ferede Abera,Victor Aboyans,Biju Abraham,Jerry Puthenpurakal Abraham,Ibrahim Abubakar,Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh,Tania C Aburto,Tom Achoki,Ademola Lukman Adelekan,Koranteng Adofo,Arsène Kouablan Adou,Jose C. Adsuar,Ashkan Afshin,Emilie Agardh,Mazin J. Al Khabouri,Faris Lami,Sayed Saidul Alam,Deena Alasfoor,Mohammed I. Albittar,Miguel Angel Alegretti,Alicia Aleman,Zewdie Aderaw Alemu,Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho,Samia Alhabib,Raghib Ali,Mohammed K. Ali,François Alla,Peter Allebeck,Peter J. Allen,Ubai Alsharif,Elena Alvarez,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Adansi A. Amankwaa,Azmeraw T. Amare,Emmanuel A. Ameh,Omid Ameli,Heresh Amini,Walid Ammar,Benjamin O Anderson,Carl Abelardo T. Antonio,Palwasha Anwari,Solveig A. Cunningham,Johan Ärnlöv,Valentina S. Arsic Arsenijevic,Al Artaman,Rana J. Asghar,Reza Assadi,Lydia S. Atkins,Charles Atkinson,Marco A Avila,Baffour Awuah,Alaa Badawi,Maria Cecilia Bahit,Talal Bakfalouni,Kalpana Balakrishnan,Shivanthi Balalla,Ravi Kumar Balu,Amitava Banerjee,Ryan M Barber,Suzanne Barker-Collo,Simón Barquera,Lars Barregard,Lope H Barrero,Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutiérrez,Ana Basto-Abreu,Arindam Basu,Sanjay Basu,Mohammed O. Basulaiman,Carolina Batis Ruvalcaba,Justin Beardsley,Neeraj Bedi,Tolesa Bekele,Michelle L. Bell,Corina Benjet,Derrick A Bennett,Habib Benzian,Eduardo Bernabé,Tariku Jibat Beyene,Neeraj Bhala,Ashish Bhalla,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Boris Bikbov,Aref A. Bin Abdulhak,Jed D. Blore,Fiona M. Blyth,Megan Bohensky,Berrak Bora Basara,Guilherme Borges,Natan M. Bornstein,Dipan Bose,Soufiane Boufous,Rupert R A Bourne,Michael Brainin,Alexandra Brazinova,Nicholas J K Breitborde,Hermann Brenner,Adam D M Briggs,David M. Broday,Peter Brooks,Nigel Bruce,Traolach S. Brugha,Bert Brunekreef,Rachelle Buchbinder,Linh N Bui,Gene Bukhman,Andrew G. M. Bulloch,Michael Burch,Peter Burney,Ismael R. Campos-Nonato,Julio Cesar Campuzano,Alejandra Cantoral,Jack Caravanos,Rosario Cárdenas,Elisabeth Cardis,David O. Carpenter,Valeria Caso,Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,Ruben Castro,Ferrán Catalá-López,Ferrán Catalá-López,Fiorella Cavalleri,Alanur Çavlin,Vineet K. Chadha,Jung-Chen Chang,Fiona J Charlson,Honglei Chen,Wanqing Chen,Zhengming Chen,Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang,Odgerel Chimed-Ochir,Rajiv Chowdhury,Costas A. Christophi,Costas A. Christophi,Ting Wu Chuang,Sumeet S. Chugh,Massimo Cirillo,Thomas Claßen,Valentina Colistro,Mercedes Colomar,Samantha M. Colquhoun,Alejandra G. Contreras,Cyrus Cooper,Kimberly Cooperrider,Leslie T. Cooper,Josef Coresh,Karen J. Courville,Michael H. Criqui,Lucía Cuevas-Nasu,James Damsere-Derry,Hadi Danawi,Lalit Dandona,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,Paul I. Dargan,Adrian Davis,Dragos Virgil Davitoiu,Anand Dayama,E Filipa de Castro,Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora,Diego De Leo,Graça Maria Ferreira De Lima,Louisa Degenhardt,Borja del Pozo-Cruz,Robert P. Dellavalle,Kebede Deribe,Sarah Derrett,Don C. Des Jarlais,Muluken Dessalegn,Gabrielle deVeber,Karen Devries,Samath D Dharmaratne,Mukesh Dherani,Daniel Dicker,Eric L. Ding,Klara Dokova,E. Ray Dorsey,Tim Driscoll,Leilei Duan,Adnan M. Durrani,Beth E. Ebel,Richard G. Ellenbogen,Yousef M. Elshrek,Matthias Endres,Sergey Petrovich Ermakov,Holly E. Erskine,Babak Eshrati,Alireza Esteghamati,Saman Fahimi,Emerito Jose A. Faraon,Farshad Farzadfar,Derek F J Fay,Valery L. Feigin,Andrea B. Feigl,Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,Alize J. Ferrari,Cleusa P. Ferri,Abraham D. Flaxman,Thomas D. Fleming,Nataliya Foigt,Kyle J Foreman,Urbano Fra Paleo,Richard C. Franklin,Belinda J. Gabbe,Lynne Gaffikin,Emmanuela Gakidou,Amiran Gamkrelidze,Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé,Ron T. Gansevoort,Francisco A García-Guerra,Evariste Gasana,Johanna M. Geleijnse,Bradford D. Gessner,Peter W. Gething,Katherine B Gibney,Richard F. Gillum,Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi,Maurice Giroud,Giorgia Giussani,Shifalika Goenka,Ketevan Goginashvili,Héctor Gómez Dantés,Philimon Gona,Teresita González de Cosío,Dinorah González-Castell,Carolyn C. Gotay,Atsushi Goto,Hebe N. Gouda,Richard L. Guerrant,Harish Chander Gugnani,Francis Guillemin,David Gunnell,Rashmi Gupta,Rajeev Gupta,Reyna A Gutiérrez,Nima Hafezi-Nejad,Holly Hagan,Maria Hagströmer,Yara A. Halasa,Randah R. Hamadeh,Mouhanad Hammami,Graeme J. Hankey,Yuantao Hao,Hilda L Harb,Tilahun Nigatu Haregu,Josep Maria Haro,Rasmus Havmoeller,Simon I. Hay,Mohammad Taghi Hedayati,Ileana Heredia-Pi,Lucia Hernandez,Kyle R. Heuton,Pouria Heydarpour,Martha Híjar,Hans W. Hoek,Howard J. Hoffman,John Hornberger,H. Dean Hosgood,Damian G Hoy,Mohamed Hsairi,Guoqing Hu,Howard Hu,Cheng Huang,John J Huang,Bryan Hubbell,Laetitia Huiart,Abdullatif Husseini,Marissa Iannarone,Kim Moesgaard Iburg,Bulat Idrisov,Nayu Ikeda,Kaire Innos,Manami Inoue,Farhad Islami,Samaya Ismayilova,Kathryn H. Jacobsen,Henrica A. F. M. Jansen,Deborah Jarvis,Simerjot K. Jassal,Alejandra Jáuregui,Sudha Jayaraman,Panniyammakal Jeemon,Paul N Jensen,Vivekanand Jha,Fan Jiang,Guohong Jiang,Ying Jiang,Jost B. Jonas,Knud Juel,Haidong Kan,Sidibe S Kany Roseline,Nadim E. Karam,André Karch,Corine Karema,Ganesan Karthikeyan,Anil Kaul,Norito Kawakami,Dhruv S. Kazi,Andrew H. Kemp,Andre Pascal Kengne,Andre Keren,Yousef Khader,Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa,Ejaz Ahmad Khan,Young-Ho Khang,Shahab Khatibzadeh,Irma Khonelidze,Christian Kieling,Daniel Kim,Sungroul Kim,Yun Jin Kim,Ruth W Kimokoti,Yohannes Kinfu,Jonas Minet Kinge,Brett M. Kissela,Miia Kivipelto,Luke D. Knibbs,Ann Kristin Knudsen,Yoshihiro Kokubo,M Rifat Kose,Soewarta Kosen,Alexander Kraemer,Michael Kravchenko,Sanjay Krishnaswami,Hans Kromhout,Tiffany Ku,Barthelemy Kuate Defo,Burcu Kucuk Bicer,Ernst J. Kuipers,Chanda Kulkarni,Veena S. Kulkarni,G Anil Kumar,Gene F. Kwan,Taavi Lai,Arjun Lakshmana Balaji,Ratilal Lalloo,Tea Lallukka,Hilton Lam,Qing Lan,Van C. Lansingh,Heidi J. Larson,Anders Larsson,Dennis Odai Laryea,Pablo M. Lavados,Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz,Janet L Leasher,Jongmin Lee,James Leigh,Ricky Leung,Miriam Levi,Yichong Li,Yongmei Li,Juan Liang,Xiaofeng Liang,Stephen S Lim,M. Patrice Lindsay,Steven E. Lipshultz,Shiwei Liu,Yang Liu,Belinda K Lloyd,Belinda K Lloyd,Giancarlo Logroscino,Stephanie J. London,Nancy Lopez,Joannie Lortet-Tieulent,Paulo A. Lotufo,Rafael Lozano,Raimundas Lunevicius,Jixiang Ma,Stefan Ma,Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado,Michael F. MacIntyre,Carlos Magis-Rodriguez,Abbas Ali Mahdi,Marek Majdan,Reza Malekzadeh,Srikanth Mangalam,Christopher C. Mapoma,Marape Marape,Wagner Marcenes,David J. Margolis,David J. Margolis,Christopher Margono,Guy B. Marks,Randall V. Martin,Melvin Barrientos Marzan,Mohammad T Mashal,Felix Masiye,Amanda J. Mason-Jones,Kunihiro Matsushita,Richard Matzopoulos,Bongani M. Mayosi,Tasara T. Mazorodze,Abigail C. McKay,Martin McKee,Abigail McLain,Peter A. Meaney,Catalina Medina,Man Mohan Mehndiratta,Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez,Wubegzier Mekonnen,Yohannes Adama Melaku,Michele Meltzer,Ziad A. Memish,Walter Mendoza,George A. Mensah,Atte Meretoja,Francis Apolinary Mhimbira,Renata Micha,Ted R. Miller,Ted R. Miller,Edward J Mills,Awoke Misganaw,Santosh Mishra,Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim,K. A. Mohammad,Ali H. Mokdad,Glen Mola,Lorenzo Monasta,Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez,Marcella Montico,Ami R Moore,Lidia Morawska,Rintaro Mori,Joanna Moschandreas,Wilkister N. Moturi,Dariush Mozaffarian,Ulrich O Mueller,Mitsuru Mukaigawara,Erin C Mullany,Kinnari S. Murthy,Mohsen Naghavi,Ziad Nahas,Aliya Naheed,Kovin Naidoo,Luigi Naldi,Devina Nand,Vinay Nangia,K.M. Venkat Narayan,Denis Nash,Bruce Neal,Chakib Nejjari,Sudan Prasad Neupane,Charles R. Newton,Charles R. Newton,Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni,Jean de Dieu Ngirabega,Grant Nguyen,Nhung T Nguyen,Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen,Muhammad Imran Nisar,José R Nogueira,Joan M. Nolla,Sandra Nolte,Ole Frithjof Norheim,Rosana E. Norman,Bo Norrving,Luke Nyakarahuka,In-Hwan Oh,Takayoshi Ohkubo,Bolajoko O. Olusanya,Saad B. Omer,John Nelson Opio,Ricardo Orozco,Rodolfo S Pagcatipunan,Amanda W Pain,Jeyaraj D Pandian,Carlo Irwin A. Panelo,Christina Papachristou,Eun-Kee Park,Charles D. H. Parry,Angel J Paternina Caicedo,Scott B. Patten,Vinod K. Paul,Boris I. Pavlin,Neil Pearce,Lilia S Pedraza,Andrea Pedroza,Ljiljana Pejin Stokic,Ayfer Pekericli,David M. Pereira,Rogelio Pérez-Padilla,Fernando Perez-Ruiz,Norberto Perico,Samuel A L Perry,Aslam Pervaiz,Konrad Pesudovs,Carrie Beth Peterson,Max Petzold,Michael R. Phillips,Hwee Pin Phua,Dietrich Plass,Dan Poenaru,Guilherme V. Polanczyk,Suzanne Polinder,Constance D. Pond,C. Arden Pope,Daniel Pope,Svetlana Popova,Farshad Pourmalek,John Powles,Dorairaj Prabhakaran,Noela M Prasad,Dima M. Qato,Amado D Quezada,D. Alex Quistberg,Lionel Racapé,Anwar Rafay,Kazem Rahimi,Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar,Sajjad Ur Rahman,Murugesan Raju,Ivo Rakovac,Saleem M Rana,Mayuree Rao,Homie Razavi,K. Srinath Reddy,Amany H Refaat,Amany H Refaat,Jürgen Rehm,Giuseppe Remuzzi,Antônio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro,Patricia M. Riccio,Lee Richardson,Anne M. Riederer,Margaret Robinson,Anna Roca,Alina Rodriguez,David Rojas-Rueda,Isabelle Romieu,Luca Ronfani,Robin Room,Nobhojit Roy,George Mugambage Ruhago,Lesley Rushton,Nsanzimana Sabin,Ralph L. Sacco,Sukanta Saha,Ramesh Sahathevan,Mohammad Ali Sahraian,Joshua A. Salomon,Deborah Salvo,Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson,Juan Sanabria,Juan Sanabria,Luz Maria Sanchez,Tania G Sánchez-Pimienta,Lidia Sanchez-Riera,Logan Sandar,Itamar S. Santos,Amir Sapkota,Maheswar Satpathy,James E. Saunders,Monika Sawhney,Mete Saylan,Peter Scarborough,Jürgen C Schmidt,Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider,Ben Schöttker,David C. Schwebel,James Scott,Soraya Seedat,Sadaf G. Sepanlou,Berrin Serdar,Edson Serván-Mori,Gavin Shaddick,Saeid Shahraz,Teresa Shamah Levy,Siyi Shangguan,Jun She,Sara Sheikhbahaei,Kenji Shibuya,Hwashin H. Shin,Yukito Shinohara,Rahman Shiri,Kawkab Shishani,Ivy Shiue,Inga Dora Sigfusdottir,Donald H. Silberberg,Edgar P. Simard,Shireen Sindi,Abhishek Singh,Gitanjali M. Singh,Jasvinder A. Singh,Vegard Skirbekk,Karen Sliwa,Michael Soljak,Samir Soneji,Kjetil Søreide,Sergey Soshnikov,Luciano A. Sposato,Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy,Nicolas J. C. Stapelberg,Vasiliki Stathopoulou,Nadine Steckling,Dan J. Stein,Murray B. Stein,Natalie Stephens,Heidi Stöckl,Kurt Straif,Konstantinos Stroumpoulis,Lela Sturua,Bruno F. Sunguya,Soumya Swaminathan,Mamta Swaroop,Bryan L. Sykes,Karen M. Tabb,Ken Takahashi,Roberto Tchio Talongwa,Nikhil Tandon,David Tanne,Marcel Tanner,Mohammad Tavakkoli,Braden Te Ao,Carolina Maria Teixeira,Martha M Téllez Rojo,Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador,Sarah V Thackway,Blake Thomson,Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman,Amanda G. Thrift,George D. Thurston,Taavi Tillmann,Myriam Tobollik,Marcello Tonelli,Fotis Topouzis,Jeffrey A. Towbin,Hideaki Toyoshima,Jefferson Traebert,Bach Xuan Tran,Leonardo Trasande,Matias Trillini,Ulises Trujillo,Zacharie Tsala Dimbuene,Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris,Emin Murat Tuzcu,Uche S. Uchendu,Kingsley N. Ukwaja,Selen Begüm Uzun,Steven van de Vijver,Rita Van Dingenen,Coen H. Van Gool,Jim van Os,Yuri Y Varakin,Tommi Vasankari,Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos,Monica S. Vavilala,Lennert J. Veerman,Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Lakshmi Vijayakumar,Salvador Villalpando,Francesco Saverio Violante,Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov,Stein Emil Vollset,Gregory R. Wagner,Gregory R. Wagner,Stephen G Waller,Mitchell T. Wallin,Xia Wan,Haidong Wang,JianLi Wang,Linhong Wang,Wenzhi Wang,Yanping Wang,Tati S. Warouw,Charlotte Watts,Charlotte Watts,Scott Weichenthal,Elisabete Weiderpass,Robert G. Weintraub,Andrea Werdecker,K. Ryan Wessells,Ronny Westerman,Harvey Whiteford,James D. Wilkinson,Hywel C Williams,Thomas N. Williams,Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes,Charles D.A. Wolfe,John Q. Wong,Anthony D. Woolf,Jonathan L. Wright,Jonathan L. Wright,Brittany Wurtz,Gelin Xu,Lijing L. Yan,Gonghuan Yang,Yuichiro Yano,Pengpeng Ye,Muluken Azage Yenesew,Gokalp Kadri Yentur,Paul S. F. Yip,Naohiro Yonemoto,Seok Jun Yoon,Mustafa Z. Younis,Zourkaleini Younoussi,Chuanhua Yu,Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,Yong Zhao,Yingfeng Zheng,Maigeng Zhou,Jun Zhu,Shankuan Zhu,Xiaonong Zou,Joseph R. Zunt,Alan D. Lopez,Theo Vos,Christopher J L Murray +736 more
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) as discussed by the authors provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Theo Vos,Christine Allen,Megha Arora,Ryan M Barber,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Alexandria Brown,Austin Carter,Daniel C Casey,Fiona J Charlson,Alan Chen,Megan Coggeshall,Leslie Cornaby,Lalit Dandona,Daniel Dicker,Tina Dilegge,Holly E. Erskine,Alize J. Ferrari,Christina Fitzmaurice,Thomas Fleming,Mohammad H Forouzanfar,Nancy Fullman,Peter W. Gething,Ellen M Goldberg,Nicholas Graetz,Juanita A. Haagsma,Simon I. Hay,Catherine O. Johnson,Nicholas J Kassebaum,Toana Kawashima,Laura Kemmer,Ibrahim A Khalil,Yohannes Kinfu,Hmwe H Kyu,Janni Leung,Xiaofeng Liang,Stephen S Lim,Alan D. Lopez,Alan D. Lopez,Rafael Lozano,Laurie B. Marczak,George A. Mensah,Ali H. Mokdad,Mohsen Naghavi,Grant Nguyen,Elaine O. Nsoesie,Helen E Olsen,David M. Pigott,Christine Pinho,Zane Rankin,Nikolas Reinig,Joshua A. Salomon,Logan Sandar,Alison Smith,Jeffrey D Stanaway,Caitlyn Steiner,Stephanie Teeple,Bernadette Thomas,Christopher Troeger,Joseph A Wagner,Haidong Wang,Valentine Wanga,Harvey Whiteford,Leo Zoeckler,Amanuel Alemu Abajobir,Kalkidan Hassen Abate,Cristiana Abbafati,Kaja Abbas,Foad Abd-Allah,Biju Abraham,Ibrahim Abubakar,Laith J. Abu-Raddad,Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh,Ilana N. Ackerman,Akindele Olupelumi Adebiyi,Zanfina Ademi,Zanfina Ademi,Arsène Kouablan Adou,Kossivi Agbelenko Afanvi,Emilie Agardh,Arnav Agarwal,Arnav Agarwal,Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri,Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri,Hamid Ahmadieh,Oluremi N Ajala,Oluremi N Ajala,Rufus Akinyemi,Rufus Akinyemi,Nadia Akseer,Ziyad Al-Aly,Khurshid Alam,Noore Alam,Saleh F. Aldhahri,Miguel Angel Alegretti,Zewdie Aderaw Alemu,Lily Alexander,Samia Alhabib,Raghib Ali,Ala'a Alkerwi,François Alla,Peter Allebeck,Rajaa Al-Raddadi,Ubai Alsharif,Khalid A Altirkawi,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Azmeraw T. Amare,Alemayehu Amberbir,Heresh Amini,Heresh Amini,Walid Ammar,Stephen M. Amrock,Hjalte Holm Andersen,Gregory M Anderson,Benjamin O. Anderson,Carl Abelardo T. Antonio,Atsede Fantahun Aregay,Johan Ärnlöv,Johan Ärnlöv,Al Artaman,Hamid Asayesh,Reza Assadi,Suleman Atique,Euripide Frinel G Arthur Avokpaho,Ashish Awasthi,Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla,Peter Azzopardi,Umar Bacha,Alaa Badawi,Kalpana Balakrishnan,Amitava Banerjee,Aleksandra Barac,Suzanne Barker-Collo,Till Bärnighausen,Till Bärnighausen,Till Bärnighausen,Lars Barregard,Lope H Barrero,Arindam Basu,Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi,Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi,Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi,Ettore Beghi,Brent Bell,Michelle L. Bell,Derrick A Bennett,Isabela M. Benseñor,Habib Benzian,Habib Benzian,Adugnaw Berhane,Eduardo Bernabé,Balem Demtsu Betsu,Addisu Shunu Beyene,Neeraj Bhala,Neeraj Bhala,Samir Bhatt,Sibhatu Biadgilign,Kelly Bienhoff,Boris Bikbov,Stan Biryukov,Donal Bisanzio,Espen Bjertness,Jed D. Blore,Rohan Borschmann,Soufiane Boufous,Michael Brainin,Alexandra Brazinova,Nicholas J K Breitborde,J Brown,Rachelle Buchbinder,Geoffrey Buckle,Zahid A Butt,Bianca Calabria,Bianca Calabria,Ismael R. Campos-Nonato,Julio Cesar Campuzano,Hélène Carabin,Rosario Cárdenas,David O. Carpenter,Juan Jesus Carrero,Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,Jacqueline Castillo Rivas,Ferrán Catalá-López,Ferrán Catalá-López,Jung-Chen Chang,Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang,Chioma Ezinne Chibueze,Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa,Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa,Jee-Young Jasmine Choi,Rajiv Chowdhury,Hanne Christensen,Devasahayam J. Christopher,Liliana G Ciobanu,Massimo Cirillo,Matthew M Coates,Samantha M. Colquhoun,Cyrus Cooper,Monica Cortinovis,John A. Crump,Solomon Abrha Damtew,Rakhi Dandona,Farah Daoud,Paul I. Dargan,José Neves,Gail Davey,Adrian Davis,Diego De Leo,Louisa Degenhardt,Liana C Del Gobbo,Robert P. Dellavalle,Robert P. Dellavalle,Kebede Deribe,Kebede Deribe,Amare Deribew,Amare Deribew,Sarah Derrett,Don C. Des Jarlais,Samath D Dharmaratne,Preet K Dhillon,Cesar Diaz-Torne,Eric L. Ding,Tim Driscoll,Leilei Duan,Manisha Dubey,Bruce Bartholow Duncan,Bruce Bartholow Duncan,Hedyeh Ebrahimi,Richard G. Ellenbogen,Iqbal R. F. Elyazar,Matthias Endres,Aman Yesuf Endries,Sergey Petrovich Ermakov,Babak Eshrati,Kara Estep,Talha Farid,Talha Farid,Carla Sofia e Sa Farinha,André Faro,Maryam S. Farvid,Farshad Farzadfar,Valery L. Feigin,David T. Felson,Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,Jefferson G Fernandes,João C. Fernandes,Florian Fischer,Joseph R Fitchett,Kyle J Foreman,F Gerry R Fowkes,Jordan Fox,Richard C. Franklin,Joseph Friedman,Joseph Frostad,Thomas Fürst,Neal D. Futran,Belinda J. Gabbe,Parthasarathi Ganguly,Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé,Teshome Gebre,Tsegaye Tewelde Gebrehiwot,Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin,Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin,Johanna M. Geleijnse,Bradford D. Gessner,Katherine B Gibney,Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi,Ababi Zergaw Giref,Maurice Giroud,Melkamu Dedefo Gishu,Giorgia Giussani,Elizabeth Glaser,William W Godwin,Héctor Gómez-Dantés,Philimon Gona,Amador Goodridge,Sameer Vali Gopalani,Carolyn C. Gotay,Atsushi Goto,Hebe N. Gouda,Rebecca Grainger,Felix Greaves,Francis Guillemin,Yuming Guo,Rashmi Gupta,Rajeev Gupta,Vipin Gupta,Reyna A Gutiérrez,Demewoz Haile,Alemayehu Hailu,Alemayehu Hailu,Gessessew Bugssa Hailu,Yara A. Halasa,Randah R. Hamadeh,Samer Hamidi,Mouhanad Hammami,Jamie Hancock,Alexis J Handal,Graeme J. Hankey,Yuantao Hao,Hilda L Harb,Sivadasanpillai Harikrishnan,Josep Maria Haro,Rasmus Havmoeller,Roderick J. Hay,Ileana Heredia-Pi,Pouria Heydarpour,Hans W. Hoek,Masako Horino,Nobuyuki Horita,H. Dean Hosgood,Damian G Hoy,Aung Soe Htet,Hsiang Huang,John J Huang,Chantal Huynh,Marissa Iannarone,Kim Moesgaard Iburg,Kaire Innos,Manami Inoue,Veena R. Iyer,Kathryn H. Jacobsen,Nader Jahanmehr,Mihajlo Jakovljevic,Mehdi Javanbakht,Sudha P Jayaraman,Achala Upendra Jayatilleke,Sun Ha Jee,Panniyammakal Jeemon,Paul N. Jensen,Ying Jiang,Tariku Jibat,Tariku Jibat,Aida Jimenez-Corona,Ye Jin,Jost B. Jonas,Zubair Kabir,Yogeshwar Kalkonde,Ritul Kamal,Haidong Kan,André Karch,Corine Karema,Chante Karimkhani,Amir Kasaeian,Anil Kaul,Norito Kawakami,Peter Njenga Keiyoro,Andrew H. Kemp,Andrew H. Kemp,Andre Keren,Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran,Yousef Khader,Abdur Rahman Khan,Ejaz Ahmad Khan,Young-Ho Khang,Sahil Khera,Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer Khoja,Jagdish Khubchandani,Christian Kieling,Pauline Kim,Cho-il Kim,Daniel Kim,Yun Jin Kim,Niranjan Kissoon,Luke D. Knibbs,Ann Kristin Knudsen,Yoshihiro Kokubo,Dhaval Kolte,Jacek A Kopec,Soewarta Kosen,Georgios A. Kotsakis,Parvaiz A Koul,Ai Koyanagi,Michael Kravchenko,Barthelemy Kuate Defo,Burcu Kucuk Bicer,Andreas A Kudom,Ernst J Kuipers,G Anil Kumar,Michael Kutz,Gene F. Kwan,Aparna Lal,Ratilal Lalloo,Tea Lallukka,Hilton Lam,Jennifer O Lam,Sinead Langan,Anders Larsson,Pablo M Lavados,Janet L Leasher,James Leigh,Ricky Leung,Miriam Levi,Yichong Li,Yongmei Li,Yongmei Li,Juan Liang,Shiwei Liu,Yang Liu,Belinda K Lloyd,Belinda K Lloyd,Warren D. Lo,Warren D. Lo,Giancarlo Logroscino,Katharine J Looker,Paulo A. Lotufo,Raimundas Lunevicius,Raimundas Lunevicius,Ronan A Lyons,Mark T Mackay,Mohammed Magdy,Abd El Razek,Mahdi Mahdavi,Marek Majdan,Azeem Majeed,Reza Malekzadeh,Wagner Marcenes,David J. Margolis,Jose Martinez-Raga,Jose Martinez-Raga,Felix Masiye,João Massano,Stephen T. McGarvey,John J. McGrath,Martin McKee,Brian J. McMahon,Peter A. Meaney,Peter A. Meaney,Alem Mehari,Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez,Alemayehu B. Mekonnen,Alemayehu B. Mekonnen,Yohannes Adama Melaku,Peter Memiah,Ziad A. Memish,Walter Mendoza,Atte Meretoja,Tuomo J. Meretoja,Tuomo J. Meretoja,Francis Apolinary Mhimbira,Anoushka Millear,Ted R. Miller,Ted R. Miller,Edward J Mills,Mojde Mirarefin,Philip B. Mitchell,Charles N Mock,Alireza Mohammadi,Shafiu Mohammed,Shafiu Mohammed,Lorenzo Monasta,Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez,Marcella Montico,Meghan D. Mooney,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Lidia Morawska,Ulrich O Mueller,Erin C Mullany,John Everett Mumford,M. E. Murdoch,Jean B. Nachega,Jean B. Nachega,Jean B. Nachega,Gabriele Nagel,Aliya Naheed,Luigi Naldi,Vinay Nangia,John N Newton,Marie Ng,Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni,Quyen Nguyen,Muhammad Imran Nisar,Patrick Martial Nkamedjie Pete,Joan M Nolla,Ole Frithjof Norheim,Rosana E. Norman,Bo Norrving,Bruno Pereira Nunes,Felix Akpojene Ogbo,In-Hwan Oh,Takayoshi Ohkubo,Pedro R. Olivares,Bolajoko O. Olusanya,Jacob Olusegun Olusanya,Alberto Ortiz,Majdi Osman,Erika Ota,Mahesh Pa,Eun-Kee Park,Mahboubeh Parsaeian,Valéria Maria de Azeredo Passos,Angel J Paternina Caicedo,Angel J Paternina Caicedo,Scott B. Patten,George C Patton,David M. Pereira,Rogelio Pérez-Padilla,Norberto Perico,Konrad Pesudovs,Max Petzold,Max Petzold,Michael R. Phillips,Michael R. Phillips,Frédéric B. Piel,Julian David Pillay,Farhad Pishgar,Dietrich Plass,James A Platts-Mills,Suzanne Polinder,Constance D. Pond,Svetlana Popova,Richie G Poulton,Farshad Pourmalek,Dorairaj Prabhakaran,Noela M. Prasad,Mostafa Qorbani,Rynaz H S Rabiee,Amir Radfar,Anwar Rafay,Kazem Rahimi,Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar,Mahfuzar Rahman,Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman,Sajjad Ur Rahman,Sajjad Ur Rahman,Rajesh Kumar Rai,Sasa Rajsic,Usha Ram,Puja Rao,Amany H Refaat,Amany H Refaat,Marissa B Reitsma,Giuseppe Remuzzi,Serge Resnikoff,Alex Reynolds,Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro,Maria Jesus Rios Blancas,Hirbo Shore Roba,David Rojas-Rueda,Luca Ronfani,Gholamreza Roshandel,Gholamreza Roshandel,Gregory A. Roth,Dietrich Rothenbacher,Ambuj Roy,Rajesh Sagar,Ramesh Sahathevan,Juan Sanabria,Juan Sanabria,Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño,Itamar S. Santos,João Vasco Santos,Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez,Benn Sartorius,Maheswar Satpathy,Miloje Savic,Monika Sawhney,Michael Schaub,Maria Inês Schmidt,Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider,Ben Schöttker,David C. Schwebel,James Scott,Soraya Seedat,Sadaf G. Sepanlou,Edson Serván-Mori,Katya Anne Shackelford,Amira Shaheen,Masood Ali Shaikh,Rajesh Sharma,Upasana Sharma,Jiabin Shen,Jiabin Shen,Donald S. Shepard,Kevin N. Sheth,Kenji Shibuya,Min-Jeong Shin,Rahman Shiri,Ivy Shiue,Ivy Shiue,Mark G. Shrime,Inga Dora Sigfusdottir,Diego Augusto Santos Silva,Dayane Gabriele Alves Silveira,Abhishek Singh,Jasvinder A. Singh,Om Prakash Singh,Prashant Singh,Anna Sivonda,Vegard Skirbekk,Jens Christoffer Skogen,Amber Sligar,Karen Sliwa,Michael Soljak,Kjetil Søreide,Reed J D Sorensen,Joan B. Soriano,Luciano A. Sposato,Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy,Vasiliki Stathopoulou,Nicholas Steel,Dan J. Stein,Timothy J. Steiner,S. Steinke,Lars Jacob Stovner,Konstantinos Stroumpoulis,Bruno F. Sunguya,Patrick J Sur,Soumya Swaminathan,Bryan L. Sykes,Cassandra Szoeke,Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos,Jukka S Takala,Nikhil Tandon,David Tanne,David Tanne,Mohammad Tavakkoli,Mohammad Tavakkoli,Bineyam Taye,Hugh R. Taylor,Braden Te Ao,Bemnet Amare Tedla,Bemnet Amare Tedla,Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,Alan J Thomson,Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman,Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman,Amanda G. Thrift,George D Thurston,Ruoyan Tobe-Gai,Marcello Tonelli,Roman Topor-Madry,Roman Topor-Madry,Fotis Topouzis,Bach Xuan Tran,Bach Xuan Tran,Thomas Truelsen,Zacharie Tsala Dimbuene,Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris,Abera Kenay Tura,Emin Murat Tuzcu,Stefanos Tyrovolas,Kingsley N. Ukwaja,Eduardo A. Undurraga,Chigozie Jesse Uneke,Olalekan A. Uthman,Coen H. Van Gool,Yuri Y Varakin,Tommi Vasankari,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Raj Kumar Verma,Francesco Saverio Violante,Sergey K Vladimirov,Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov,Stein Emil Vollset,Gregory R Wagner,Gregory R Wagner,Stephen G. Waller,Linhong Wang,David A Watkins,David A Watkins,Scott Weichenthal,Elisabete Weiderpass,Robert G. Weintraub,Robert G. Weintraub,Andrea Werdecker,Ronny Westerman,Richard A. White,Hywel C Williams,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Charles D.A. Wolfe,Charles D.A. Wolfe,Sungho Won,Rachel Woodbrook,Mamo Wubshet,Denis Xavier,Gelin Xu,Ajit Kumar Yadav,Lijing L Yan,Yuichiro Yano,Mehdi Yaseri,Mehdi Yaseri,Pengpeng Ye,Henock Yebyo,Henock Yebyo,Paul S. F. Yip,Naohiro Yonemoto,Seok Jun Yoon,Mustafa Z. Younis,Chuanhua Yu,Zoubida Zaidi,Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,Hajo Zeeb,Maigeng Zhou,Maigeng Zhou,Sanjay Zodpey,Liesl Zühlke,Christopher J L Murray +699 more
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015) as discussed by the authors was used to estimate the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for diseases and injuries at the global, regional, and national scale over the period of 1990 to 2015.
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Mohammad H Forouzanfar,Ashkan Afshin,Lily Alexander,H. Ross Anderson,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Stan Biryukov,Michael Brauer,Richard T. Burnett,Kelly Cercy,Fiona J Charlson,Aaron Cohen,Lalit Dandona,Kara Estep,Alize J. Ferrari,Joseph Frostad,Nancy Fullman,Peter W. Gething,William W Godwin,Max Griswold,Simon I. Hay,Yohannes Kinfu,Hmwe H Kyu,Heidi J. Larson,Xiaofeng Liang,Stephen S Lim,Patrick Liu,Alan D. Lopez,Rafael Lozano,Laurie B. Marczak,George A. Mensah,Ali H. Mokdad,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Mohsen Naghavi,Bruce Neal,Marissa B Reitsma,Gregory A. Roth,Joshua A. Salomon,Patrick J Sur,Theo Vos,Joseph A Wagner,Haidong Wang,Yi Zhao,Maigeng Zhou,Gunn Marit Aasvang,Amanuel Alemu Abajobir,Kalkidan Hassen Abate,Cristiana Abbafati,Kaja Abbas,Foad Abd-Allah,Abdishakur M. Abdulle,Semaw Ferede Abera,Biju Abraham,Laith J. Abu-Raddad,Gebre Yitayih Abyu,Akindele Olupelumi Adebiyi,Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji,Zanfina Ademi,Arsène Kouablan Adou,Jose C. Adsuar,Emilie Agardh,Arnav Agarwal,Anurag Agrawal,Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri,Oluremi N Ajala,Tomi Akinyemiju,Ziyad Al-Aly,Khurshid Alam,Noore Alam,Saleh F. Aldhahri,Robert W Aldridge,Zewdie Aderaw Alemu,Raghib Ali,Ala'a Alkerwi,François Alla,Peter Allebeck,Ubai Alsharif,Khalid A Altirkawi,Elena Alvarez Martin,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Azmeraw T. Amare,Alemayehu Amberbir,Adeladza Kofi Amegah,Heresh Amini,Walid Ammar,Stephen M. Amrock,Hjalte Holm Andersen,Benjamin O. Anderson,Carl Abelardo T. Antonio,Palwasha Anwari,Johan Ärnlöv,Al Artaman,Hamid Asayesh,Rana Jawad Asghar,Reza Assadi,Suleman Atique,Euripide Frinel G Arthur Avokpaho,Ashish Awasthi,Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla,Peter Azzopardi,Umar Bacha,Alaa Badawi,Maria Cecilia Bahit,Kalpana Balakrishnan,Aleksandra Barac,Ryan M Barber,Suzanne Barker-Collo,Till Bärnighausen,Simón Barquera,Lars Barregard,Lope H Barrero,Sanjay Basu,Carolina Batis,Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi,Justin Beardsley,Neeraj Bedi,Ettore Beghi,Brent Bell,Michelle L. Bell,Aminu K. Bello,Derrick A Bennett,Isabela M. Benseñor,Adugnaw Berhane,Eduardo Bernabé,Balem Demtsu Betsu,Addisu Shunu Beyene,Neeraj Bhala,Anil Bhansali,Samir Bhatt,Sibhatu Biadgilign,Boris Bikbov,Donal Bisanzio,Espen Bjertness,Jed D. Blore,Rohan Borschmann,Soufiane Boufous,Rupert R A Bourne,Michael Brainin,Alexandra Brazinova,Nicholas J K Breitborde,Hermann Brenner,David M. Broday,Traolach S. Brugha,Bert Brunekreef,Zahid A Butt,Leah E. Cahill,Bianca Calabria,Ismael R. Campos-Nonato,Rosario Cárdenas,David O. Carpenter,Juan Jesus Carrero,Daniel C Casey,Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,Jacqueline Castillo Rivas,Ruben Castro,Ferrán Catalá-López,Jung-Chen Chang,Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang,Mirriam Chibalabala,Odgerel Chimed-Ochir,Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa,Abdulaal A Chitheer,Jee-Young Jasmine Choi,Hanne Christensen,Devasahayam J. Christopher,Liliana G Ciobanu,Matthew M Coates,Samantha M. Colquhoun,Alejandra G Contreras Manzano,Leslie T. Cooper,Kimberly Cooperrider,Leslie Cornaby,Monica Cortinovis,John A. Crump,Lucía Cuevas-Nasu,Albertino Damasceno,Rakhi Dandona,Sarah C. Darby,Paul I. Dargan,José Neves,Adrian Davis,Kairat Davletov,E Filipa de Castro,Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora,Diego De Leo,Louisa Degenhardt,Liana C Del Gobbo,Borja del Pozo-Cruz,Robert P. Dellavalle,Amare Deribew,Don C. Des Jarlais,Samath D Dharmaratne,Preet K Dhillon,Cesar Diaz-Torne,Daniel Dicker,Eric L. Ding,E. Ray Dorsey,Kerrie E. Doyle,Tim Driscoll,Leilei Duan,Manisha Dubey,Bruce Bartholow Duncan,Iqbal R. F. Elyazar,Aman Yesuf Endries,Sergey Petrovich Ermakov,Holly E. Erskine,Babak Eshrati,Alireza Esteghamati,Saman Fahimi,Emerito Jose A. Faraon,Talha Farid,Carla Sofia e Sa Farinha,André Faro,Maryam S. Farvid,Farshad Farzadfar,Valery L. Feigin,Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,Jefferson G Fernandes,Florian Fischer,Joseph R Fitchett,Thomas Fleming,Nataliya Foigt,Kyle J Foreman,F Gerry R Fowkes,Richard C. Franklin,Thomas Fürst,Neal D. Futran,Emmanuela Gakidou,Alberto L Garcia-Basteiro,Tsegaye Tewelde Gebrehiwot,Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin,Johanna M. Geleijnse,Bradford D. Gessner,Ababi Zergaw Giref,Maurice Giroud,Melkamu Dedefo Gishu,Giorgia Giussani,Shifalika Goenka,Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera,Héctor Gómez-Dantés,Philimon Gona,Amador Goodridge,Sameer Vali Gopalani,Carolyn C. Gotay,Atsushi Goto,Hebe N. Gouda,Harish Chander Gugnani,Francis Guillemin,Yuming Guo,Rashmi Gupta,Rajeev Gupta,Reyna A Gutiérrez,Juanita A. Haagsma,Nima Hafezi-Nejad,Demewoz Haile,Gessessew Bugssa Hailu,Yara A. Halasa,Randah R. Hamadeh,Samer Hamidi,Alexis J Handal,Graeme J. Hankey,Yuantao Hao,Hilda L Harb,Sivadasanpillai Harikrishnan,Josep Maria Haro,Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand,Tahir Ahmed Hassen,Rasmus Havmoeller,Ileana Heredia-Pi,Norberto Francisco Hernández-Llanes,Pouria Heydarpour,Hans W. Hoek,Howard J. Hoffman,Masako Horino,Nobuyuki Horita,H. Dean Hosgood,Damian G Hoy,Mohamed Hsairi,Aung Soe Htet,Guoqing Hu,John J Huang,Abdullatif Husseini,Sally Hutchings,Inge Huybrechts,Kim Moesgaard Iburg,Bulat Idrisov,Bogdan Vasile Ileanu,Manami Inoue,Troy Jacobs,Kathryn H. Jacobsen,Nader Jahanmehr,Mihajlo Jakovljevic,Henrica A. F. M. Jansen,Simerjot K. Jassal,Mehdi Javanbakht,Sudha Jayaraman,Achala Upendra Jayatilleke,Sun Ha Jee,Panniyammakal Jeemon,Vivekanand Jha,Ying Jiang,Tariku Jibat,Ye Jin,Catherine O. Johnson,Jost B. Jonas,Zubair Kabir,Yogeshwar Kalkonde,Ritul Kamal,Haidong Kan,André Karch,Corine Karema,Chante Karimkhani,Amir Kasaeian,Anil Kaul,Norito Kawakami,Dhruv S. Kazi,Peter Njenga Keiyoro,Laura Kemmer,Andrew H. Kemp,Andre Pascal Kengne,Andre Keren,Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran,Yousef Khader,Abdur Rahman Khan,Ejaz Ahmad Khan,Gulfaraz Khan,Young-Ho Khang,Shahab Khatibzadeh,Sahil Khera,Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer Khoja,Jagdish Khubchandani,Christian Kieling,Cho-il Kim,Daniel Kim,Ruth W Kimokoti,Niranjan Kissoon,Miia Kivipelto,Luke D. Knibbs,Yoshihiro Kokubo,Jacek A Kopec,Parvaiz A Koul,Ai Koyanagi,Michael Kravchenko,Hans Kromhout,Hans Krueger,Tiffany Ku,Barthelemy Kuate Defo,Ricardo de Souza Kuchenbecker,Burcu Kucuk Bicer,Ernst J Kuipers,G Anil Kumar,Gene F. Kwan,Dharmesh Kumar Lal,Ratilal Lalloo,Tea Lallukka,Qing Lan,Anders Larsson,Asma Abdul Latif,Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz,Janet L Leasher,James Leigh,Janni Leung,Miriam Levi,Xiaohong Li,Yichong Li,Juan Liang,Shiwei Liu,Belinda K Lloyd,Giancarlo Logroscino,Paulo A. Lotufo,Raimundas Lunevicius,Michael F. MacIntyre,Mahdi Mahdavi,Marek Majdan,Azeem Majeed,Reza Malekzadeh,Deborah Carvalho Malta,Wondimu Ayele Manamo,Chabila C Mapoma,Wagner Marcenes,Randall V. Martin,Jose Martinez-Raga,Felix Masiye,Kunihiro Matsushita,Richard Matzopoulos,Bongani M. Mayosi,John J. McGrath,Martin McKee,Peter A. Meaney,Catalina Medina,Alem Mehari,Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez,Alemayehu B. Mekonnen,Yohannes Adama Melaku,Ziad A. Memish,Walter Mendoza,Gert B. M. Mensink,Atte Meretoja,Tuomo J. Meretoja,Yonatan Moges Mesfin,Francis Apolinary Mhimbira,Anoushka Millear,Ted R. Miller,Edward J Mills,Mojde Mirarefin,Awoke Misganaw,Charles N Mock,Alireza Mohammadi,Shafiu Mohammed,Glen Mola,Lorenzo Monasta,Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez,Marcella Montico,Lidia Morawska,Rintaro Mori,Dariush Mozaffarian,Ulrich O Mueller,Erin C Mullany,John Everett Mumford,Gudlavalleti V S Murthy,Jean B. Nachega,Aliya Naheed,Vinay Nangia,Nariman Nassiri,John N Newton,Marie Ng,Quyen Nguyen,Muhammad Imran Nisar,Patrick Martial Nkamedjie Pete,Ole Frithjof Norheim,Rosana E. Norman,Bo Norrving,Luke Nyakarahuka,Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer,Felix Akpojene Ogbo,In-Hwan Oh,Olanrewaju Oladimeji,Pedro R. Olivares,Helen E Olsen,Bolajoko O. Olusanya,Jacob Olusegun Olusanya,John Nelson Opio,Eyal Oren,Ricardo Orozco,Alberto Ortiz,Erika Ota,Mahesh Pa,Adrian Pana,Eun-Kee Park,Charles D. H. Parry,Mahboubeh Parsaeian,Tejas Patel,Angel J Paternina Caicedo,Snehal Patil,Scott B. Patten,George C Patton,Neil Pearce,David M. Pereira,Norberto Perico,Konrad Pesudovs,Max Petzold,Michael R. Phillips,Frédéric B. Piel,Julian David Pillay,Dietrich Plass,Suzanne Polinder,Constance D. Pond,C. Arden Pope,Daniel Pope,Svetlana Popova,Richie G Poulton,Farshad Pourmalek,Noela M Prasad,Mostafa Qorbani,Rynaz H S Rabiee,Amir Radfar,Anwar Rafay,Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar,Mahfuzar Rahman,Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman,Sajjad Ur Rahman,Rajesh Kumar Rai,Sasa Rajsic,Murugesan Raju,Usha Ram,Saleem M Rana,Kavitha Ranganathan,Puja Rao,Christian Aspacia Razo García,Amany H Refaat,Colin D. Rehm,Jürgen Rehm,Nikolas Reinig,Giuseppe Remuzzi,Serge Resnikoff,Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro,Juan A Rivera,Hirbo Shore Roba,Alina Rodriguez,Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez,David Rojas-Rueda,Yesenia Roman,Luca Ronfani,Gholamreza Roshandel,Dietrich Rothenbacher,Ambuj Roy,Muhammad Muhammad Saleh,Juan Sanabria,Lidia Sanchez-Riera,Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño,Tania G Sánchez-Pimienta,Logan Sandar,Damian Santomauro,Itamar S. Santos,Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez,Benn Sartorius,Maheswar Satpathy,Miloje Savic,Monika Sawhney,Josef Schmidhuber,Maria Inês Schmidt,Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider,Ben Schöttker,Aletta E. Schutte,David C. Schwebel,James Scott,Soraya Seedat,Sadaf G. Sepanlou,Edson Serván-Mori,Gavin Shaddick,Amira Shaheen,Saeid Shahraz,Masood Ali Shaikh,Teresa Shamah Levy,Rajesh Sharma,Jun She,Sara Sheikhbahaei,Jiabin Shen,Kevin N. Sheth,Peilin Shi,Kenji Shibuya,Mika Shigematsu,Min-Jeong Shin,Rahman Shiri,Kawkab Shishani,Ivy Shiue,Mark G. Shrime,Inga Dora Sigfusdottir,Diego Augusto Santos Silva,Dayane Gabriele Alves Silveira,Jonathan I. Silverberg,Edgar P. Simard,Shireen Sindi,Abhishek Singh,Jasvinder A. Singh,Prashant Singh,Erica Leigh Slepak,Michael Soljak,Samir Soneji,Reed J D Sorensen,Luciano A. Sposato,Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy,Vasiliki Stathopoulou,Nadine Steckling,Nicholas Steel,Dan J. Stein,Murray B. Stein,Heidi Stöckl,Saverio Stranges,Konstantinos Stroumpoulis,Bruno F. Sunguya,Soumya Swaminathan,Bryan L. Sykes,Cassandra Szoeke,Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos,Ken Takahashi,Roberto Tchio Talongwa,Nikhil Tandon,David Tanne,Mohammad Tavakkoli,Belaynew Wasie Taye,Hugh R. Taylor,Bemnet Amare Tedla,Worku Tefera,Teketo Kassaw Tegegne,Dejen Yemane Tekle,Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,JS Thakur,Bernadette Thomas,Matthew L. Thomas,Alan J Thomson,Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman,Amanda G. Thrift,George D Thurston,Taavi Tillmann,Ruoyan Tobe-Gai,Myriam Tobollik,Roman Topor-Madry,Fotis Topouzis,Jeffrey A. Towbin,Bach Xuan Tran,Zacharie Tsala Dimbuene,Nikolaos Tsilimparis,Abera Kenay Tura,Emin Murat Tuzcu,Stefanos Tyrovolas,Kingsley N. Ukwaja,Eduardo A. Undurraga,Chigozie Jesse Uneke,Olalekan A. Uthman,Aaron van Donkelaar,Jim van Os,Yuri Y Varakin,Tommi Vasankari,J. Lennert Veerman,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Francesco Saverio Violante,Stein Emil Vollset,Gregory R Wagner,Stephen G. Waller,JianLi Wang,Linhong Wang,Yanping Wang,Scott Weichenthal,Elisabete Weiderpass,Robert G. Weintraub,Andrea Werdecker,Ronny Westerman,Harvey Whiteford,Tissa Wijeratne,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Charles D.A. Wolfe,Sungho Won,Anthony D. Woolf,Mamo Wubshet,Denis Xavier,Gelin Xu,Ajit Kumar Yadav,Bereket Yakob,Ayalnesh Zemene Yalew,Yuichiro Yano,Mehdi Yaseri,Pengpeng Ye,Paul S. F. Yip,Naohiro Yonemoto,Seok Jun Yoon,Mustafa Z. Younis,Chuanhua Yu,Zoubida Zaidi,Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,Jun Zhu,Ben Zipkin,Sanjay Zodpey,Liesl Zühlke,Christopher J L Murray +653 more
TL;DR: The comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 was used to estimate attributable deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and trends in exposure by age group, sex, year, and geography for 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2015.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013
Mohammad H. Forouzanfar,Lily Alexander,H. Ross Anderson,Victoria F Bachman,Stan Biryukov,Michael Brauer,Richard T. Burnett,Daniel C Casey,Matthew M Coates,Aaron Cohen,Kristen Delwiche,Kara Estep,Joseph Frostad,K. C. Astha,Hmwe H Kyu,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Marie Ng,Erica Leigh Slepak,Bernadette Thomas,Joseph A Wagner,Gunn Marit Aasvang,Cristiana Abbafati,Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren,Foad Abd-Allah,Semaw Ferede Abera,Victor Aboyans,Biju Abraham,Jerry Puthenpurakal Abraham,Ibrahim Abubakar,Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh,Tania C Aburto,Tom Achoki,Ademola Lukman Adelekan,Koranteng Adofo,Arsène Kouablan Adou,Jose C. Adsuar,Ashkan Afshin,Emilie Agardh,Mazin J. Al Khabouri,Faris Lami,Sayed Saidul Alam,Deena Alasfoor,Mohammed I. Albittar,Miguel Angel Alegretti,Alicia Aleman,Zewdie Aderaw Alemu,Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho,Samia Alhabib,Raghib Ali,Mohammed K. Ali,François Alla,Peter Allebeck,Peter J. Allen,Ubai Alsharif,Elena Alvarez,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Adansi A. Amankwaa,Azmeraw T. Amare,Emmanuel A. Ameh,Omid Ameli,Heresh Amini,Walid Ammar,Benjamin O. Anderson,Carl Abelardo T. Antonio,Palwasha Anwari,Solveig A. Cunningham,Johan Ärnlöv,Valentina S. Arsic Arsenijevic,Al Artaman,Rana J. Asghar,Reza Assadi,Lydia S. Atkins,Charles Atkinson,Marco A Avila,Baffour Awuah,Alaa Badawi,Maria Cecilia Bahit,Talal Bakfalouni,Kalpana Balakrishnan,Shivanthi Balalla,Ravi Kumar Balu,Amitava Banerjee,Ryan M Barber,Suzanne Barker-Collo,Simón Barquera,Lars Barregard,Lope H Barrero,Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutiérrez,Ana Basto-Abreu,Arindam Basu,Sanjay Basu,Mohammed O. Basulaiman,Carolina Batis Ruvalcaba,Justin Beardsley,Neeraj Bedi,Tolesa Bekele,Michelle L. Bell,Corina Benjet,Derrick A Bennett,Habib Benzian,Eduardo Bernabé,Tariku Jibat Beyene,Neeraj Bhala,Ashish Bhalla,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Boris Bikbov,Aref A. Bin Abdulhak,Jed D. Blore,Fiona M. Blyth,Megan Bohensky,Berrak Bora Basara,Guilherme Borges,Natan M. Bornstein,Dipan Bose,Soufiane Boufous,Rupert R A Bourne,Michael Brainin,Alexandra Brazinova,Nicholas J K Breitborde,Hermann Brenner,Adam D M Briggs,David M. Broday,Peter Brooks,Nigel Bruce,Traolach S. Brugha,Bert Brunekreef,Rachelle Buchbinder,Linh N Bui,Gene Bukhman,Andrew G. M. Bulloch,Michael Burch,Peter Burney,Ismael R. Campos-Nonato,Julio Cesar Campuzano,Alejandra Cantoral,Jack Caravanos,Rosario Cárdenas,Elisabeth Cardis,David O. Carpenter,Valeria Caso,Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,Ruben Castro,Ferrán Catalá-López,Fiorella Cavalleri,Alanur Çavlin,Vineet K. Chadha,Jung-Chen Chang,Fiona J Charlson,Honglei Chen,Wanqing Chen,Zhengming Chen,Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang,Odgerel Chimed-Ochir,Rajiv Chowdhury,Costas A. Christophi,Ting Wu Chuang,Sumeet S. Chugh,Massimo Cirillo,Thomas Claßen,Valentina Colistro,Mercedes Colomar,Samantha M. Colquhoun,Alejandra G. Contreras,Cyrus Cooper,Kimberly Cooperrider,Leslie T. Cooper,Josef Coresh,Karen J. Courville,Michael H. Criqui,Lucía Cuevas-Nasu,James Damsere-Derry,Hadi Danawi,Lalit Dandona,Rakhi Dandona,Paul I. Dargan,Adrian Davis,Dragos Virgil Davitoiu,Anand Dayama,E Filipa de Castro,Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora,Diego De Leo,Graça Maria Ferreira De Lima,Louisa Degenhardt,Borja del Pozo-Cruz,Robert P. Dellavalle,Kebede Deribe,Sarah Derrett,Don C. Des Jarlais,Muluken Dessalegn,Gabrielle deVeber,Karen Devries,Samath D Dharmaratne,Mukesh Dherani,Daniel Dicker,Eric L. Ding,Klara Dokova,E. Ray Dorsey,Tim Driscoll,Leilei Duan,Adnan M. Durrani,Beth E. Ebel,Richard G. Ellenbogen,Yousef M. Elshrek,Matthias Endres,Sergey Petrovich Ermakov,Holly E. Erskine,Babak Eshrati,Alireza Esteghamati,Saman Fahimi,Emerito Jose A. Faraon,Farshad Farzadfar,Derek F J Fay,Valery L. Feigin,Andrea B. Feigl,Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,Alize J. Ferrari,Cleusa P. Ferri,Abraham D. Flaxman,Thomas D. Fleming,Nataliya Foigt,Kyle J Foreman,Urbano Fra Paleo,Richard C. Franklin,Belinda J. Gabbe,Lynne Gaffikin,Emmanuela Gakidou,Amiran Gamkrelidze,Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé,Ron T. Gansevoort,Francisco A García-Guerra,Evariste Gasana,Johanna M. Geleijnse,Bradford D. Gessner,Peter W. Gething,Katherine B Gibney,Richard F. Gillum,Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi,Maurice Giroud,Giorgia Giussani,Shifalika Goenka,Ketevan Goginashvili,Héctor Gómez Dantés,Philimon Gona,Teresita González de Cosío,Dinorah González-Castell,Carolyn C. Gotay,Atsushi Goto,Hebe N. Gouda,Richard L. Guerrant,Harish Chander Gugnani,Francis Guillemin,David Gunnell,Rahul Gupta,Rajeev Gupta,Reyna A Gutiérrez,Nima Hafezi-Nejad,Holly Hagan,Maria Hagströmer,Yara A. Halasa,Randah R. Hamadeh,Mouhanad Hammami,Graeme J. Hankey,Yuantao Hao,Hilda L Harb,Tilahun Nigatu Haregu,Josep Maria Haro,Rasmus Havmoeller,Simon I. Hay,Mohammad Taghi Hedayati,Ileana Heredia-Pi,Lucia Hernandez,Kyle R. Heuton,Pouria Heydarpour,Martha Híjar,Hans W. Hoek,Howard J. Hoffman,John Hornberger,H. D. Hosgood,Damian G Hoy,Mohamed Hsairi,Guoqing Hu,Howard Hu,Cheng Huang,John J Huang,Bryan Hubbell,Laetitia Huiart,Abdullatif Husseini,Marissa Iannarone,Kim Moesgaard Iburg,Bulat Idrisov,Nayu Ikeda,Kaire Innos,Manami Inoue,Farhad Islami,Samaya Ismayilova,Kathryn H. Jacobsen,Henrica A. F. M. Jansen,Deborah Jarvis,Simerjot K. Jassal,Alejandra Jáuregui,Sudha Jayaraman,Panniyammakal Jeemon,Paul N. Jensen,Vivekanand Jha,Fan Jiang,Guohong Jiang,Ying Jiang,Jost B. Jonas,Knud Juel,Haidong Kan,Sidibe S Kany Roseline,Nadim E. Karam,André Karch,Corine Karema,Ganesan Karthikeyan,Anil Kaul,Norito Kawakami,Dhruv S. Kazi,Andrew H. Kemp,Andre Pascal Kengne,Andre Keren,Yousef Khader,Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa,Ejaz Ahmad Khan,Young-Ho Khang,Shahab Khatibzadeh,Irma Khonelidze,Christian Kieling,Daniel Kim,Sungroul Kim,Yun Jin Kim,Ruth W Kimokoti,Yohannes Kinfu,Jonas Minet Kinge,Brett M. Kissela,Miia Kivipelto,Luke D. Knibbs,Ann Kristin Knudsen,Yoshihiro Kokubo,M Rifat Kose,Soewarta Kosen,Alexander Kraemer,Michael Kravchenko,Sanjay Krishnaswami,Hans Kromhout,Tiffany Ku,Barthelemy Kuate Defo,Burcu Kucuk Bicer,Ernst J. Kuipers,Chanda Kulkarni,Veena S. Kulkarni,G Anil Kumar,Gene F. Kwan,Taavi Lai,Arjun Lakshmana Balaji,Ratilal Lalloo,Tea Lallukka,Hilton Lam,Qing Lan,Van C. Lansingh,Heidi J. Larson,Anders Larsson,Dennis Odai Laryea,Pablo M. Lavados,Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz,Janet L Leasher,Jongmin Lee,James Leigh,Ricky Leung,Miriam Levi,Yichong Li,Yongmei Li,Juan Liang,Xiaofeng Liang,Stephen S Lim,M. Patrice Lindsay,Steven E. Lipshultz,Shiwei Liu,Yang Liu,Belinda K Lloyd,Giancarlo Logroscino,Stephanie J. London,Nancy Lopez,Joannie Lortet-Tieulent,Paulo A. Lotufo,Rafael Lozano,Raimundas Lunevicius,Jixiang Ma,Stefan Ma,Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado,Michael F. MacIntyre,Carlos Magis-Rodriguez,Abbas Ali Mahdi,Marek Majdan,Reza Malekzadeh,Srikanth Mangalam,Christopher C. Mapoma,Marape Marape,Wagner Marcenes,David J. Margolis,Christopher Margono,Guy B. Marks,Randall V. Martin,Melvin Barrientos Marzan,Mohammad T Mashal,Felix Masiye,Amanda J. Mason-Jones,Kunihiro Matsushita,Richard Matzopoulos,Bongani M. Mayosi,Tasara T. Mazorodze,Abigail C. McKay,Martin McKee,Abigail McLain,Peter A. Meaney,Catalina Medina,Man Mohan Mehndiratta,Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez,Wubegzier Mekonnen,Yohannes Adama Melaku,Michele Meltzer,Ziad A. Memish,Walter Mendoza,George A. Mensah,Atte Meretoja,Francis Apolinary Mhimbira,Renata Micha,Ted R. Miller,Edward J Mills,Awoke Misganaw,Santosh Mishra,Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim,Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad,Ali H. Mokdad,Glen Mola,Lorenzo Monasta,Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez,Marcella Montico,Ami R. Moore,Lidia Morawska,Rintaro Mori,Joanna Moschandreas,Wilkister N. Moturi,Dariush Mozaffarian,Ulrich O Mueller,Mitsuru Mukaigawara,Erin C Mullany,Kinnari S. Murthy,Mohsen Naghavi,Ziad Nahas,Aliya Naheed,Kovin Naidoo,Luigi Naldi,Devina Nand,Vinay Nangia,K.M. Venkat Narayan,Denis Nash,Bruce Neal,Chakib Nejjari,Sudan Prasad Neupane,Charles R. Newton,Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni,Jean de Dieu Ngirabega,Grant Nguyen,Nhung T Nguyen,Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen,Muhammad Imran Nisar,José R Nogueira,Joan M. Nolla,Sandra Nolte,Ole Frithjof Norheim,Rosana E. Norman,Bo Norrving,Luke Nyakarahuka,In-Hwan Oh,Takayoshi Ohkubo,Bolajoko O. Olusanya,Saad B. Omer,John Nelson Opio,Ricardo Orozco,Rodolfo S Pagcatipunan,Amanda W Pain,Jeyaraj D Pandian,Carlo Irwin A. Panelo,Christina Papachristou,Eun-Kee Park,Charles D. H. Parry,Angel J Paternina Caicedo,Scott B. Patten,Vinod K. Paul,Boris I. Pavlin,Neil Pearce,Lilia S Pedraza,Andrea Pedroza,Ljiljana Pejin Stokic,Ayfer Pekericli,David M. Pereira,Rogelio Pérez-Padilla,Fernando Perez-Ruiz,Norberto Perico,Samuel A L Perry,Aslam Pervaiz,Konrad Pesudovs,Carrie Beth Peterson,Max Petzold,Michael Phillips,Hwee Pin Phua,Dietrich Plass,Dan Poenaru,Guilherme V. Polanczyk,Suzanne Polinder,Constance D. Pond,C. Arden Pope,Daniel Pope,Svetlana Popova,Farshad Pourmalek,John Powles,Dorairaj Prabhakaran,Noela M Prasad,Dima M. Qato,Amado D Quezada,D. Alex Quistberg,Lionel Racapé,Anwar Rafay,Kazem Rahimi,Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar,Sajjad Ur Rahman,Murugesan Raju,Ivo Rakovac,Saleem M Rana,Mayuree Rao,Homie Razavi,K. Srinath Reddy,Amany H. Refaat,Jürgen Rehm,Giuseppe Remuzzi,Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro,Patricia M. Riccio,Lee Richardson,Anne M. Riederer,Margaret Robinson,Anna Roca,Alina Rodriguez,David Rojas-Rueda,Isabelle Romieu,Luca Ronfani,Robin Room,Nobhojit Roy,George Mugambage Ruhago,Lesley Rushton,Nsanzimana Sabin,Ralph L. Sacco,Sukanta Saha,Ramesh Sahathevan,Mohammad Ali Sahraian,Joshua A. Salomon,Deborah Salvo,Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson,Juan R. Sanabria,Luz Maria Sanchez,Tania G Sánchez-Pimienta,Lidia Sanchez-Riera,Logan Sandar,Itamar S. Santos,Amir Sapkota,Maheswar Satpathy,James E. Saunders,Monika Sawhney,Mete Saylan,Peter Scarborough,Jürgen C Schmidt,Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider,Ben Schöttker,David C. Schwebel,James Scott,Soraya Seedat,Sadaf G. Sepanlou,Berrin Serdar,Edson Serván-Mori,Gavin Shaddick,Saeid Shahraz,Teresa Shamah Levy,Siyi Shangguan,Jun She,Sara Sheikhbahaei,Kenji Shibuya,Hwashin H. Shin,Yukito Shinohara,Rahman Shiri,Kawkab Shishani,Ivy Shiue,Inga Dora Sigfusdottir,Donald H. Silberberg,Edgar P. Simard,Shireen Sindi,Abhishek Singh,Gitanjali M. Singh,Jasvinder A. Singh,Vegard Skirbekk,Karen Sliwa,Michael Soljak,Samir Soneji,Kjetil Søreide,Sergey Soshnikov,Luciano A. Sposato,Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy,Nicolas J. C. Stapelberg,Vasiliki Stathopoulou,Nadine Steckling,Dan J. Stein,Murray B. Stein,Natalie Stephens,Heidi Stöckl,Kurt Straif,Konstantinos Stroumpoulis,Lela Sturua,Bruno F. Sunguya,Soumya Swaminathan,Mamta Swaroop,Bryan L. Sykes,Karen M. Tabb,Ken Takahashi,Roberto Tchio Talongwa,Nikhil Tandon,David Tanne,Marcel Tanner,Mohammad Tavakkoli,Braden Te Ao,Carolina Maria Teixeira,Martha M Téllez Rojo,Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador,Sarah V Thackway,Blake Thomson,Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman,Amanda G. Thrift,George D. Thurston,Taavi Tillmann,Myriam Tobollik,Marcello Tonelli,Fotis Topouzis,Jeffrey A. Towbin,Hideaki Toyoshima,Jefferson Traebert,Bach Xuan Tran,Leonardo Trasande,Matias Trillini,Ulises Trujillo,Zacharie Tsala Dimbuene,Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris,Emin Murat Tuzcu,Uche S. Uchendu,Kingsley N. Ukwaja,Selen Begüm Uzun,Steven van de Vijver,Rita Van Dingenen,Coen H. Van Gool,Jim van Os,Yuri Y Varakin,Tommi Vasankari,Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos,Monica S. Vavilala,Lennert J. Veerman,Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Lakshmi Vijayakumar,Salvador Villalpando,Francesco Saverio Violante,Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov,Stein Emil Vollset,Gregory R. Wagner,Stephen G. Waller,Mitchell T. Wallin,Xia Wan,Haidong Wang,JianLi Wang,Linhong Wang,Wenzhi Wang,Yanping Wang,Tati S. Warouw,Charlotte Watts,Scott Weichenthal,Elisabete Weiderpass,Robert G. Weintraub,Andrea Werdecker,K. Ryan Wessells,Ronny Westerman,Harvey Whiteford,James D. Wilkinson,Hywel C Williams,Thomas N. Williams,Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes,Charles D.A. Wolfe,John Q. Wong,Anthony D. Woolf,Jonathan L. Wright,Brittany Wurtz,Gelin Xu,Lijing L. Yan,Gonghuan Yang,Yuichiro Yano,Pengpeng Ye,Muluken Azage Yenesew,Gokalp Kadri Yentur,Paul S. F. Yip,Naohiro Yonemoto,Seok Jun Yoon,Mustafa Z. Younis,Zourkaleini Younoussi,Chuanhua Yu,Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,Yong Zhao,Yingfeng Zheng,Maigeng Zhou,Jun Zhu,Shankuan Zhu,Xiaonong Zou,Joseph R. Zunt,Alan D. Lopez,Theo Vos,Christopher J L Murray,Awoke Misganaw Temesgen +721 more
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) as mentioned in this paper provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990-2015 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Nicholas J Kassebaum,Megha Arora,Ryan M Barber,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Jonathan C Brown,Austin Carter,Daniel C Casey,Fiona J Charlson,Fiona J Charlson,Matthew M Coates,Megan Coggeshall,Leslie Cornaby,Lalit Dandona,Daniel Dicker,Holly E. Erskine,Holly E. Erskine,Alize J. Ferrari,Alize J. Ferrari,Christina Fitzmaurice,Kyle J Foreman,Mohammad H Forouzanfar,Nancy Fullman,Peter W. Gething,Ellen M Goldberg,Nicholas Graetz,Juanita A. Haagsma,Juanita A. Haagsma,Catherine O. Johnson,Laura Kemmer,Ibrahim A Khalil,Yohannes Kinfu,Yohannes Kinfu,Michael Kutz,Hmwe H Kyu,Janni Leung,Janni Leung,Xiaofeng Liang,Stephen S Lim,Rafael Lozano,George A. Mensah,Joe Mikesell,Ali H. Mokdad,Meghan D. Mooney,Mohsen Naghavi,Grant Nguyen,Elaine O. Nsoesie,David M. Pigott,Christine Pinho,Zane Rankin,Nikolas Reinig,Joshua A. Salomon,Joshua A. Salomon,Logan Sandar,Alison Smith,Reed J D Sorensen,Jeffrey D Stanaway,Caitlyn Steiner,Stephanie Teeple,Bernadette Thomas,Christopher Troeger,Amelia VanderZanden,Joseph A Wagner,Valentine Wanga,Harvey Whiteford,Harvey Whiteford,Maigeng Zhou,Maigeng Zhou,Leo Zoeckler,Amanuel Alemu Abajobir,Kalkidan Hassen Abate,Cristiana Abbafati,Kaja Abbas,Foad Abd-Allah,Biju Abraham,Ibrahim Abubakar,Laith J. Abu-Raddad,Laith J. Abu-Raddad,Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh,Tom Achoki,Ilana N. Ackerman,Akindele Olupelumi Adebiyi,Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji,Jose C. Adsuar,Kossivi Agbelenko Afanvi,Ashkan Afshin,Emilie Agardh,Arnav Agarwal,Arnav Agarwal,Sanjay K. Agarwal,Muktar Beshir Ahmed,Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri,Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri,Hamid Ahmadieh,Nadia Akseer,Ziyad Al-Aly,Khurshid Alam,Noore Alam,Saleh F. Aldhahri,Miguel Angel Alegretti,Alicia Aleman,Zewdie Aderaw Alemu,Lily Alexander,Raghib Ali,Ala'a Alkerwi,François Alla,Peter Allebeck,Ubai Alsharif,Khalid A Altirkawi,Elena Alvarez Martin,Nelson Alvis-Guzman,Azmeraw T. Amare,Alemayehu Amberbir,Adeladza Kofi Amegah,Heresh Amini,Heresh Amini,Heresh Amini,Walid Ammar,Stephen M. Amrock,Gregory M Anderson,Benjamin O. Anderson,Carl Abelardo T. Antonio,Palwasha Anwari,Johan Ärnlöv,Johan Ärnlöv,Valentina Arsić Arsenijević,Al Artaman,Hamid Asayesh,Rana Jawad Asghar,Euripide Frinel G Arthur Avokpaho,Ashish Awasthi,Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla,Peter Azzopardi,Umar Bacha,Alaa Badawi,Kalpana Balakrishnan,Amitava Banerjee,Aleksandra Barac,Suzanne Barker-Collo,Till Bärnighausen,Till Bärnighausen,Till Bärnighausen,Lars Barregard,Lope H Barrero,Sanjay Basu,Tigist Assefa Bayou,Justin Beardsley,Neeraj Bedi,Ettore Beghi,Brent Bell,Michelle L. Bell,Corina Benjet,Derrick A Bennett,Isabela M. Benseñor,Adugnaw Berhane,Eduardo Bernabé,Balem Demtsu Betsu,Addisu Shunu Beyene,Neeraj Bhala,Neeraj Bhala,Anil Bhansali,Samir Bhatt,Sibhatu Biadgilign,Kelly Bienhoff,Boris Bikbov,Aref A. Bin Abdulhak,Donal Bisanzio,Espen Bjertness,Jed D. Blore,Rohan Borschmann,Soufiane Boufous,Rupert R A Bourne,Michael Brainin,Alexandra Brazinova,Nicholas J K Breitborde,Traolach S. Brugha,Rachelle Buchbinder,Geoffrey Buckle,Zahid A Butt,Bianca Calabria,Bianca Calabria,Ismael R. Campos-Nonato,Julio Cesar Campuzano,Hélène Carabin,Jonathan R. Carapetis,Jonathan R. Carapetis,Rosario Cárdenas,Juan Jesus Carrero,Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,Jacqueline Castillo Rivas,Ferrán Catalá-López,Ferrán Catalá-López,Fiorella Cavalleri,Jung-Chen Chang,Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang,Mirriam Chibalabala,Chioma Ezinne Chibueze,Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa,Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa,Jee-Young Jasmine Choi,Lincoln Choudhury,Hanne Christensen,Liliana G Ciobanu,Valentina Colistro,Mercedes Colomar,Samantha M. Colquhoun,Monica Cortinovis,John A. Crump,Albertino Damasceno,Rakhi Dandona,Paul I. Dargan,José Neves,Gail Davey,Adrian Davis,Diego De Leo,Louisa Degenhardt,Liana C Del Gobbo,Sarah Derrett,Don C. Des Jarlais,Gabrielle deVeber,Samath D Dharmaratne,Preet K Dhillon,Eric L. Ding,Kerrie E. Doyle,Tim Driscoll,Leilei Duan,Manisha Dubey,Bruce Bartholow Duncan,Bruce Bartholow Duncan,Hedyeh Ebrahimi,Richard G. Ellenbogen,Iqbal R. F. Elyazar,Aman Yesuf Endries,Sergey Petrovich Ermakov,Babak Eshrati,Alireza Esteghamati,Kara Estep,Saman Fahimi,Talha Farid,Carla Sofia e Sa Farinha,André Faro,Maryam S. Farvid,Maryam S. Farvid,Farshad Farzadfar,Valery L. Feigin,Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad,Jefferson G Fernandes,João C. Fernandes,Florian Fischer,Joseph R Fitchett,Nataliya Foigt,F Gerry R Fowkes,Richard C. Franklin,Joseph Friedman,Joseph Frostad,Thomas Fürst,Thomas Fürst,Thomas Fürst,Neal D. Futran,Belinda J. Gabbe,Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé,Alberto L. García-Basteiro,Tsegaye Tewelde Gebrehiwot,Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin,Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin,Johanna M. Geleijnse,Katherine B Gibney,Richard F. Gillum,Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi,Ababi Zergaw Giref,Ababi Zergaw Giref,Maurice Giroud,Melkamu Dedefo Gishu,William W Godwin,Héctor Gómez-Dantés,Philimon Gona,Amador Goodridge,Sameer Vali Gopalani,Carolyn C. Gotay,Atsushi Goto,Hebe N. Gouda,Yuming Guo,Rahul Gupta,Rajeev Gupta,Vipin Gupta,Reyna A Gutiérrez,Nima Hafezi-Nejad,Demewoz Haile,Alemayehu Hailu,Alemayehu Hailu,Gessessew Bugssa Hailu,Yara A. Halasa,Randah R. Hamadeh,Samer Hamidi,Mouhanad Hammami,Alexis J Handal,Graeme J. Hankey,Hilda L Harb,Sivadasanpillai Harikrishnan,Josep Maria Haro,Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand,Tahir Ahmed Hassen,Rasmus Havmoeller,Roderick J. Hay,Mohammad Taghi Hedayati,Ileana Heredia-Pi,Pouria Heydarpour,Hans W. Hoek,Daniel J. Hoffman,Masako Horino,Nobuyuki Horita,H. Dean Hosgood,Damian G Hoy,Mohamed Hsairi,Hsiang Huang,John J Huang,Kim Moesgaard Iburg,Bulat Idrisov,Kaire Innos,Manami Inoue,Kathryn H. Jacobsen,Alejandra Jáuregui,Achala Upendra Jayatilleke,Panniyammakal Jeemon,Vivekanand Jha,Guohong Jiang,Ying Jiang,Tariku Jibat,Tariku Jibat,Aida Jimenez-Corona,Ye Jin,Jost B. Jonas,Zubair Kabir,Dan Kajungu,Yogeshwar Kalkonde,Ritul Kamal,Haidong Kan,Amit Kandel,André Karch,Corine Karema,Chante Karimkhani,Amir Kasaeian,Marzieh Katibeh,Anil Kaul,Norito Kawakami,Dhruv S. Kazi,Peter Njenga Keiyoro,Andrew H. Kemp,Andrew H. Kemp,Andre Pascal Kengne,Andre Pascal Kengne,Andre Keren,Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran,Yousef Khader,Abdur Rahman Khan,Ejaz Ahmad Khan,Young-Ho Khang,Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer Khoja,Jagdish Khubchandani,Christian Kieling,Cho-il Kim,Daniel Kim,Yun Jin Kim,Niranjan Kissoon,Miia Kivipelto,Luke D. Knibbs,Ann Kristin Knudsen,Yoshihiro Kokubo,Dhaval Kolte,Jacek A Kopec,Parvaiz A Koul,Ai Koyanagi,Barthelemy Kuate Defo,Ricardo de Souza Kuchenbecker,Burcu Kucuk Bicer,Ernst J Kuipers,G Anil Kumar,Gene F. Kwan,Ratilal Lalloo,Tea Lallukka,Anders Larsson,Asma Abdul Latif,Pablo M Lavados,Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz,Janet L Leasher,James Leigh,Ricky Leung,Yichong Li,Yichong Li,Yongmei Li,Yongmei Li,Steven E. Lipshultz,Steven E. Lipshultz,Patrick Liu,Yang Liu,Belinda K Lloyd,Belinda K Lloyd,Giancarlo Logroscino,Katharine J Looker,Paulo A. Lotufo,Robyn M. Lucas,Raimundas Lunevicius,Raimundas Lunevicius,Ronan A Lyons,Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek,Mahdi Mahdavi,Marek Majdan,Azeem Majeed,Reza Malekzadeh,Deborah Carvalho Malta,Wagner Marcenes,Jose Martinez-Raga,Jose Martinez-Raga,Felix Masiye,Felix Masiye,Amanda J. Mason-Jones,Richard Matzopoulos,Richard Matzopoulos,Bongani M. Mayosi,John J. McGrath,Martin McKee,Martin McKee,Peter A. Meaney,Peter A. Meaney,Alem Mehari,Yohannes Adama Melaku,Yohannes Adama Melaku,Peter Memiah,Ziad A. Memish,Walter Mendoza,Atte Meretoja,Tuomo J. Meretoja,Tuomo J. Meretoja,Yonatan Moges Mesfin,Francis Apolinary Mhimbira,Ted R. Miller,Ted R. Miller,Edward J Mills,Mojde Mirarefin,Erkin M. Mirrakhimov,Philip B. Mitchell,Charles N Mock,Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad,Alireza Mohammadi,Shafiu Mohammed,Shafiu Mohammed,Lorenzo Monasta,Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez,Marcella Montico,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Rintaro Mori,Ulrich O Mueller,John Everett Mumford,M. E. Murdoch,Gudlavalleti V S Murthy,Jean B. Nachega,Jean B. Nachega,Jean B. Nachega,Aliya Naheed,Luigi Naldi,Vinay Nangia,John N Newton,Marie Ng,Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni,Quyen Nguyen,Muhammad Imran Nisar,Patrick Martial Nkamedjie Pete,Joan M. Nolla,Ole Frithjof Norheim,Rosana E. Norman,Bo Norrving,Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer,Felix Akpojene Ogbo,In-Hwan Oh,Olanrewaju Oladimeji,Olanrewaju Oladimeji,Pedro R. Olivares,Bolajoko O. Olusanya,Jacob Olusegun Olusanya,Eyal Oren,Alberto Ortiz,Erika Ota,Abayomi Samuel Oyekale,Mahesh Pa,Eun-Kee Park,Mahboubeh Parsaeian,Mahboubeh Parsaeian,Scott B. Patten,George C Patton,João Mário Pedro,David M. Pereira,Norberto Perico,Konrad Pesudovs,Max Petzold,Max Petzold,Michael R. Phillips,Michael R. Phillips,Frédéric B. Piel,Julian David Pillay,Farhad Pishgar,Dietrich Plass,Suzanne Polinder,Svetlana Popova,Richie G Poulton,Farshad Pourmalek,Noela M. Prasad,Mostafa Qorbani,Rynaz H S Rabiee,Amir Radfar,Anwar Rafay,Kazem Rahimi,Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar,Mahfuzar Rahman,Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman,Sajjad Ur Rahman,Dheeraj Rai,Rajesh Kumar Rai,Sasa Rajsic,Murugesan Raju,Usha Ram,Kavitha Ranganathan,Amany H Refaat,Amany H Refaat,Marissa B Reitsma,Giuseppe Remuzzi,Serge Resnikoff,Alex Reynolds,Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro,Stefano Ricci,Hirbo Shore Roba,David Rojas-Rueda,Luca Ronfani,Gholamreza Roshandel,Gholamreza Roshandel,Gregory A. Roth,Ambuj Roy,Ben Benasco Sackey,Rajesh Sagar,Juan Sanabria,Juan Sanabria,Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño,Itamar S. Santos,João Vasco Santos,Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez,Benn Sartorius,Maheswar Satpathy,Miloje Savic,Monika Sawhney,Maria Inês Schmidt,Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider,Aletta E. Schutte,Aletta E. Schutte,David C. Schwebel,Soraya Seedat,Sadaf G. Sepanlou,Edson Serván-Mori,Saeid Shahraz,Masood Ali Shaikh,Rajesh Sharma,Jun She,Sara Sheikhbahaei,Jiabin Shen,Jiabin Shen,Kevin N. Sheth,Kenji Shibuya,Mika Shigematsu,Mika Shigematsu,Min-Jeong Shin,Rahman Shiri,Inga Dora Sigfusdottir,Diego Augusto Santos Silva,Jonathan I. Silverberg,Edgar P. Simard,Abhishek Singh,Jasvinder A. Singh,Prashant Singh,Vegard Skirbekk,Jens Christoffer Skogen,Michael Soljak,Kjetil Søreide,Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy,Vasiliki Stathopoulou,Nicholas Steel,Dan J. Stein,Dan J. Stein,Murray B. Stein,Timothy J. Steiner,Timothy J. Steiner,Lars Jacob Stovner,Saverio Stranges,Konstantinos Stroumpoulis,Bruno F. Sunguya,Patrick J Sur,Soumya Swaminathan,Bryan L. Sykes,Cassandra Szoeke,Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos,Nikhil Tandon,David Tanne,David Tanne,Mohammad Tavakkoli,Bineyam Taye,Hugh R. Taylor,Braden Te Ao,Teketo Kassaw Tegegne,Dejen Yemane Tekle,Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,Gizachew Assefa Tessema,Gizachew Assefa Tessema,Jarnail Singh Thakur,Alan J Thomson,Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman,Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman,Amanda G. Thrift,George D Thurston,Ruoyan Tobe-Gai,Marcello Tonelli,Roman Topor-Madry,Roman Topor-Madry,Fotis Topouzis,Bach Xuan Tran,Bach Xuan Tran,Zacharie Tsala Dimbuene,Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris,Abera Kenay Tura,Emin Murat Tuzcu,Stefanos Tyrovolas,Kingsley N. Ukwaja,Eduardo A. Undurraga,Chigozie Jesse Uneke,Olalekan A. Uthman,Coen H. Van Gool,Jim van Os,Tommi Vasankari,Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos,Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,Francesco Saverio Violante,Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov,Stein Emil Vollset,Stein Emil Vollset,Gregory R Wagner,Gregory R Wagner,Mitchell T. Wallin,Linhong Wang,Scott Weichenthal,Elisabete Weiderpass,Robert G. Weintraub,Andrea Werdecker,Ronny Westerman,Tissa Wijeratne,Tissa Wijeratne,James D. Wilkinson,James D. Wilkinson,Hywel C Williams,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Charles Shey Wiysonge,Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes,Charles D.A. Wolfe,Sungho Won,Gelin Xu,Ajit Kumar Yadav,Bereket Yakob,Lijing L Yan,Yuichiro Yano,Mehdi Yaseri,Pengpeng Ye,Paul S. F. Yip,Naohiro Yonemoto,Seok Jun Yoon,Mustafa Z. Younis,Chuanhua Yu,Zoubida Zaidi,Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,Hajo Zeeb,Sanjay Zodpey,David Zonies,Liesl Zühlke,Theo Vos,Alan D. Lopez,Alan D. Lopez,Christopher J L Murray +682 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015) for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015.