Showing papers by "University of Minnesota published in 2022"
TL;DR: The Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) as mentioned in this paper is a prospective, longitudinal cohort study recruiting adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital with COVID19 across the UK.
118 citations
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation1, University of Notre Dame2, University of Melbourne3, University of Barcelona4, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge5, University of Queensland6, Queensland Health7, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill8, University of South Australia9, Michigan State University10, Vienna University of Technology11, University of Health Sciences Antigua12, Southern Nevada Water Authority13, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project14, Drexel University15, Arizona State University16, National Environment Agency17, University of South Florida18, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh19, University of New South Wales20, Stellenbosch University21, Hokkaido University22, United States Environmental Protection Agency23, Istituto Superiore di Sanità24, University of Georgia25, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee26, University College Dublin27, University of Guelph28, University of California, Merced29, Griffith University30, National Institute for Health and Welfare31, University of Helsinki32, National University of Salta33, Spanish National Research Council34, Tulane University35, Chulabhorn Research Institute36, National University of Singapore37, Tohoku University38, Nanyang Technological University39, University of Minnesota40
TL;DR: A technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors.
116 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the current advances and future directions in plastic waste upcycling technologies are discussed, focusing on the production of high-value materials from plastic waste conversion methods, including pyrolysis, gasification, photoreforming, and mechanical reprocessing.
113 citations
Book•
31 Jan 2022TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce supersymmetric solitons and supersymmetry with emphasis on gauge theories, and present a general introduction to supersymmetrization and its application in lower dimensions.
Abstract: Part I. Before Supersymmetry: 1. Phases of gauge theories 2. Kinks and domain walls 3. Vortices and flux tubes (strings) 4. Monopoles and skyrmions 5. Instantons 6. Isotropic ferromagnet: O(3) sigma model and extensions 7. False vacuum decay and related topics 8. Chiral anomaly 9. Confinement in 4D gauge theories and models in lower dimensions Part II. Introduction to Supersymmetry: 10. Basics of supersymmetry with emphasis on gauge theories 11. Supersymmetric solitons References Index.
102 citations
École Polytechnique1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg2, South China University of Technology3, University of Windsor4, University of California, Santa Barbara5, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology6, Sungkyunkwan University7, University of Washington8, York University9, Shanghai Jiao Tong University10, University of Minnesota11, Hewlett-Packard12, University of California, Berkeley13, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology14, Rovira i Virgili University15, Chinese Academy of Sciences16, University of California, San Diego17, Åbo Akademi University18, University of Chicago19, Fudan University20, Northwestern University21, Columbia University22, PARC23, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne24, University of Bari25
TL;DR: Bonnassieux et al. as mentioned in this paper presented a roadmap for the key areas of flexible and printable electronics. And they highlighted the current status and future challenges in the areas covered by the roadmap and highlighted the breadth and wide-ranging opportunities made available by flexible electronics technologies.
Abstract: Author(s): Bonnassieux, Y; Brabec, CJ; Cao, Y; Carmichael, TB; Chabinyc, ML; Cheng, KT; Cho, G; Chung, A; Cobb, CL; Distler, A; Egelhaaf, HJ; Grau, G; Guo, X; Haghiashtiani, G; Huang, TC; Hussain, MM; Iniguez, B; Lee, TM; Li, L; Ma, Y; Ma, D; McAlpine, MC; Ng, TN; Osterbacka, R; Patel, SN; Peng, J; Peng, H; Rivnay, J; Shao, L; Steingart, D; Street, RA; Subramanian, V; Torsi, L; Wu, Y | Abstract: This roadmap includes the perspectives and visions of leading researchers in the key areas of flexible and printable electronics. The covered topics are broadly organized by the device technologies (sections 1–9), fabrication techniques (sections 10–12), and design and modeling approaches (sections 13 and 14) essential to the future development of new applications leveraging flexible electronics (FE). The interdisciplinary nature of this field involves everything from fundamental scientific discoveries to engineering challenges; from design and synthesis of new materials via novel device design to modelling and digital manufacturing of integrated systems. As such, this roadmap aims to serve as a resource on the current status and future challenges in the areas covered by the roadmap and to highlight the breadth and wide-ranging opportunities made available by FE technologies.
68 citations
TL;DR: A review of the role of senescent cells in aging and age-related diseases, strategies to target SnCs, approaches to discover and develop senotherapeutics, and preclinical and clinical advances of senolytics is presented in this paper .
Abstract: Cellular senescence is a hallmark of aging defined by stable exit from the cell cycle in response to cellular damage and stress. Senescent cells (SnCs) can develop a characteristic pathogenic senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that drives secondary senescence and disrupts tissue homeostasis, resulting in loss of tissue repair and regeneration. The use of transgenic mouse models in which SnCs can be genetically ablated has established a key role for SnCs in driving aging and age-related disease. Importantly, senotherapeutics have been developed to pharmacologically eliminate SnCs, termed senolytics, or suppress the SASP and other markers of senescence, termed senomorphics. Based on extensive preclinical studies as well as small clinical trials demonstrating the benefits of senotherapeutics, multiple clinical trials are under way. This Review discusses the role of SnCs in aging and age-related diseases, strategies to target SnCs, approaches to discover and develop senotherapeutics, and preclinical and clinical advances of senolytics.
39 citations
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill1, University of Nantes2, Ohio State University3, University of Connecticut4, McGill University5, University of Houston6, Indiana University7, Stony Brook University8, Brookhaven National Laboratory9, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory10, University of Illinois at Chicago11, North Carolina State University12, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign13, University of Washington14, University of Wuppertal15, Michigan State University16, Massachusetts Institute of Technology17, Wayne State University18, University of Minnesota19, University of Chicago20, University of California, Los Angeles21, Chinese Academy of Sciences22
TL;DR: The Beam Energy Scan Theory (BEST) Collaboration was formed with the goal of providing a theoretical framework for analyzing data from the BES program at the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory as mentioned in this paper.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify the T-bet-ZEB2-S1PR5 axis as a previously unappreciated mechanism modulating the generation of tissue-resident lymphocytes.
Abstract: Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells provide long-lasting immune protection. One of the key events controlling TRM cell development is the local retention of TRM cell precursors coupled to downregulation of molecules necessary for tissue exit. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 5 (S1PR5) is a migratory receptor with an uncharted function in T cells. Here, we show that S1PR5 plays a critical role in T cell infiltration and emigration from peripheral organs, as well as being specifically downregulated in TRM cells. Consequentially, TRM cell development was selectively impaired upon ectopic expression of S1pr5, whereas loss of S1pr5 enhanced skin TRM cell formation by promoting peripheral T cell sequestration. Importantly, we found that T-bet and ZEB2 were required for S1pr5 induction and that local TGF-β signaling was necessary to promote coordinated Tbx21, Zeb2, and S1pr5 downregulation. Moreover, S1PR5-mediated control of tissue residency was conserved across innate and adaptive immune compartments. Together, these results identify the T-bet-ZEB2-S1PR5 axis as a previously unappreciated mechanism modulating the generation of tissue-resident lymphocytes.
33 citations
TL;DR: This work demonstrates for the first time the application of artificial neural network, a deep learning technique, in forward modelling the maximum power generation and efficiency of a thermoelectric generator and its application in the generator design and optimisation.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors demonstrate the application of artificial neural network, a deep learning technique, in forward modelling the maximum power generation and efficiency of a thermoelectric generator and its application in the generator design and optimisation.
30 citations
TL;DR: An inverse design framework to approximate a general surface by a deployable origami structure is developed and provides not only a tool to design various deployable and retractable surfaces in engineering and architecture, but also a route to optimizing other properties and functionality.
TL;DR: In this article , the combined effect of ex-situ catalytic co-pyrolysis and pressure on aromatics production was investigated, and a very high BTEX relative yield of 70.94% can be achieved at temperature of 650 °C, pressure of 0.5 MPa, polyethylene to lignin ratio of 1:1, and catalyst to raw material ratio of 4:1.
TL;DR: In this article, four types of microchannels for methanol steam reforming (MSR) are studied: direct microchannel (DM), direct micro channel with dimples (DMD), sinusoidal micro channel (SM), and ssinoidal microchannel with Dimples (SMD), and the effect of microchannel structures on the hydrogen production performance is also explored to validate the numerical simulation results.
TL;DR: In this paper, a cross-sectional association between food insecurity (FI) and disordered eating among adults, while evidence among adolescents is limited, has been found among three waves of prospective data came from 1813 participants in the Project EAT (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults) cohort study.
TL;DR: In this article, the three major classes of coumarin-benzimidazole hybrid molecules are merged, fused and spacer-linked hybrids, which can be further classified as coumarlin-C3 hybrid, coumarcin-C4 hybrid and coumargin-C5/6/7/8 hybrid.
TL;DR: A modified ZSCB is proposed that employs power semiconductor devices such as IGBTs to discharge the capacitor before the next interruption cycle, to address problems of unwanted power flow, negative current circulation in the load and also in electromechanical systems.
Abstract: Solid-state dc circuit breaker (SSCB) plays a very important role in the dc system protection against fast rising overload and short-circuit faults. Among various SSCB topologies, z-source dc circuit breakers (ZSCBs) have a great ability to interrupt the fault at a much faster rate, without even using a fault sensing circuit. However, ZSCBs suffer from various issues such as: 1) high starting current in the main thyristor (SCR), 2) unwanted power flow in the load during commissioning and reclosing of ZSCBs, and 3) negative current flow through the load at starting/reclosing of the ZSCB. These problems arise due to the fact that the z-source series capacitor stays charged even after the fault is interrupted or cleared. Unwanted power flow, negative current circulation in the load needs special attention especially in unidirectional loads and also in electromechanical systems. Hence, this article proposes a modified ZSCB to address the aforementioned problems. The proposed topology employs power semiconductor devices such as IGBTs to discharge the capacitor before the next interruption cycle. Initially, a detailed analysis, with simulation and experimental validation showing the issues with the existing ZSCB is presented. Later, a detailed analysis of the proposed modified ZSCB is presented, followed by an extensive simulation and experimental validation on a laboratory scale 120-V/3.5-A (400 W) prototype.
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: This letter analyzes the limiting behavior of the model and presents necessary and sufficient conditions for estimating the spreading parameters from data, and illustrates these results via simulation and with real COVID-19 data from the Northeast United States.
Abstract: In this letter we present a deterministic discrete-time networked SEIR model that includes a number of transportation networks, and present assumptions under which it is well defined. We analyze the limiting behavior of the model and present necessary and sufficient conditions for estimating the spreading parameters from data. We illustrate these results via simulation and with real COVID-19 data from the Northeast United States, integrating transportation data into the results.
TL;DR: In this paper , the effect of catalysts on the product selectivity of microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of waste cooking oil and low-density polyethylene was evaluated.
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species on the structure and functionality of pea protein isolate (PPI) was evaluated through a combination of controlled measurements and plasma treatments.
TL;DR: Although voluntary recruitment to the military is today the Western norm, we know little about citizens' beliefs regarding service members' reasons for joining as mentioned in this paper, and we know very little about their motivations.
Abstract: Although voluntary recruitment to the military is today the Western norm, we know little about citizens’ beliefs regarding service members’ reasons for joining. This article, reporting and analyzin...
TL;DR: In this article, a fitting challenge was set up to compare spectral fitting methods on the basis of performance and robustness of spectral spectral fitting for the short-echo time PRESS spectra.
Abstract: PURPOSE
Fitting of MRS data plays an important role in the quantification of metabolite concentrations. Many different spectral fitting packages are used by the MRS community. A fitting challenge was set up to allow comparison of fitting methods on the basis of performance and robustness.
METHODS
Synthetic data were generated for 28 datasets. Short-echo time PRESS spectra were simulated using ideal pulses for the common metabolites at mostly near-normal brain concentrations. Macromolecular contributions were also included. Modulations of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); lineshape type and width; concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid, glutathione, and macromolecules; and inclusion of artifacts and lipid signals to mimic tumor spectra were included as challenges to be coped with.
RESULTS
Twenty-six submissions were evaluated. Visually, most fit packages performed well with mostly noise-like residuals. However, striking differences in fit performance were found with bias problems also evident for well-known packages. In addition, often error bounds were not appropriately estimated and deduced confidence limits misleading. Soft constraints as used in LCModel were found to substantially influence the fitting results and their dependence on SNR.
CONCLUSIONS
Substantial differences were found for accuracy and precision of fit results obtained by the multiple fit packages.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors developed a set of recommendations for long-term services and supports (LTSS) based on existing evidence, including increasing Medicaid and Medicare reimbursement rates for providers serving high proportions of Medicaid-eligible and BIPOC older adults; reconsidering the design of pay-for-performance programs as they relate to providers who serve underserved groups; and include culturally sensitive measures, such as quality of life, in public reporting of quality of care, and develop and report health equity measures in outcomes of care for individuals.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored whether a firm's CSR activities impact value added in the supply chain and found that the net effect of CSR disclosure is, on average, value added enhancing rather than value added destroying.
TL;DR: In this paper , a consensus paper and Delphi study is presented to outline the important methodological aspects of FDCR research, present structured recommendations for more comprehensive methods reporting and review the FDCR literature to assess the reporting of items that are deemed important.
Abstract: Cue reactivity is one of the most frequently used paradigms in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of substance use disorders (SUDs). Although there have been promising results elucidating the neurocognitive mechanisms of SUDs and SUD treatments, the interpretability and reproducibility of these studies is limited by incomplete reporting of participants’ characteristics, task design, craving assessment, scanning preparation and analysis decisions in fMRI drug cue reactivity (FDCR) experiments. This hampers clinical translation, not least because systematic review and meta-analysis of published work are difficult. This consensus paper and Delphi study aims to outline the important methodological aspects of FDCR research, present structured recommendations for more comprehensive methods reporting and review the FDCR literature to assess the reporting of items that are deemed important. Forty-five FDCR scientists from around the world participated in this study. First, an initial checklist of items deemed important in FDCR studies was developed by several members of the Enhanced NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analyses (ENIGMA) Addiction working group on the basis of a systematic review. Using a modified Delphi consensus method, all experts were asked to comment on, revise or add items to the initial checklist, and then to rate the importance of each item in subsequent rounds. The reporting status of the items in the final checklist was investigated in 108 recently published FDCR studies identified through a systematic review. By the final round, 38 items reached the consensus threshold and were classified under seven major categories: ‘Participants’ Characteristics’, ‘General fMRI Information’, ‘General Task Information’, ‘Cue Information’, ‘Craving Assessment Inside Scanner’, ‘Craving Assessment Outside Scanner’ and ‘Pre- and Post-Scanning Considerations’. The review of the 108 FDCR papers revealed significant gaps in the reporting of the items considered important by the experts. For instance, whereas items in the ‘General fMRI Information’ category were reported in 90.5% of the reviewed papers, items in the ‘Pre- and Post-Scanning Considerations’ category were reported by only 44.7% of reviewed FDCR studies. Considering the notable and sometimes unexpected gaps in the reporting of items deemed to be important by experts in any FDCR study, the protocols could benefit from the adoption of reporting standards. This checklist, a living document to be updated as the field and its methods advance, can help improve experimental design, reporting and the widespread understanding of the FDCR protocols. This checklist can also provide a sample for developing consensus statements for protocols in other areas of task-based fMRI. Cue reactivity measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging is used in studies of substance-use disorders. This Consensus Statement is the result of a Delphi process to arrive at parameters that should be reported in describing these studies.
TL;DR: In this paper , an orthogonal learning gradient-based optimization (OLGBO) method is proposed for unknown parameter estimation of different PV models, which improves the speed rate and accuracy of GBO, achieving an adaptive conversion between exploitation and exploration.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated associations between prenatal glyphosate exposure and length of gestation in The Infant Development and the Environment Study (TIDES), a multi-center US pregnancy cohort.
TL;DR: Andrews and Newman have recently introduced the notion of the mex of a partition, the smallest positive integer that is not a part as discussed by the authors, which has been used since at least 2006 with connections to Frobenius symbols.
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for estimating regions of attraction and bounds on permissible perturbation amplitudes in nonlinear fluids systems was proposed, which exploits quadratic constraints between the inputs and outputs of the nonlinearity on elliptical sets.
Abstract: This letter describes a method for estimating regions of attraction and bounds on permissible perturbation amplitudes in nonlinear fluids systems. The proposed approach exploits quadratic constraints between the inputs and outputs of the nonlinearity on elliptical sets. This approach reduces conservatism and improves estimates for regions of attraction and bounds on permissible perturbation amplitudes over related methods that employ quadratic constraints on spherical sets. We present and investigate two algorithms for performing the analysis: an iterative method that refines the analysis by solving a sequence of semi-definite programs, and another based on solving a generalized eigenvalue problem with lower computational complexity, but at the cost of some precision in the final solution. The proposed algorithms are demonstrated on low-order mechanistic models of transitional flows. We further compare accuracy and computational complexity with analysis based on sum-of-squares optimization and direct-adjoint looping methods.
TL;DR: In this article , real-time monitoring of CaO catalyst deactivation and regeneration in the catalytic pyrolysis of waste cooking oil (WCO) and free fatty acids (FFAs) was carried out.
Abstract: Pulse pyrolysis was carried out to realize real-time monitoring of CaO catalyst deactivation and regeneration in the catalytic pyrolysis of waste cooking oil (WCO) and free fatty acids (FFAs) based on the pyrolysis characteristics of feed stocks. The high unsaturation of the feedstock decreases the initial decomposition temperature and reduces the content of oxygen-containing compounds. CaO catalyst was completely deactivated after several times of pulse pyrolysis. During the pyrolysis of WCO, the catalytic activity of CaO did not recover after the pause of pulse pyrolysis. However, the catalytic activity all recovered during the pyrolysis of FFAs, but the rate of deactivation was accelerated. A large amount of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 were detected in the deactivated catalyst, and soluble coke was not detected. The research suggested that the change of crystal phases and agglomeration were the vital cause that impact the CaO catalyst stability.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of various operational parameters (maximum flowrate, admissible reservoir-pressure drawdown, borehole diameter) and reservoir parameters (permeability anisotropy and relative permeability curves) on the CO2 and water flow regime in the production well and on the power generation of a CPG system were investigated.