Growing and analyzing static biofilms
TLDR
In this article, the early stages of biofilm formation are examined using static biofilm assays, which are suitable for either small or relatively large-scale studies and can be used individually or in combination for the study of biofilms.Abstract:
Many bacteria can exist as surface-attached aggregations known as biofilms. Presented in this unit are several approaches for the study of these communities. The focus here is on static biofilm systems, which are particularly useful for examination of the early stages of biofilm formation, including initial adherence to the surface and microcolony formation. Furthermore, most of the techniques presented are easily adapted to the study of biofilms under a variety of conditions and are suitable for either small- or relatively large-scale studies. Unlike assays involving continuous-flow systems, the static biofilm assays described here require very little specialized equipment and are relatively simple to execute. In addition, these static biofilm systems allow analysis of biofilm formation with a variety of readouts, including microscopy of live cells, macroscopic visualization of stained bacteria, and viability counts. Used individually or in combination, these assays provide useful means for the study of biofilms.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Predation of human pathogens by the predatory bacteria Micavibrio aeruginosavorus and Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus.
TL;DR: The focus of this study was to evaluate the potential use of the predatory bacteria Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and Micavibrio aeruginosavorus to control the pathogens associated with human infection.
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Antimicrobial Peptides: An Introduction.
TL;DR: An overview of AMPs is provided and some of the methodologies that have been used to advance AMP research are introduced, including screening and evaluating the activities of natural and synthetic AMPs, measuring interactions with membranes, optimizing peptide function, and scaling up peptide production.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ΔF508-CFTR mutation results in increased biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa by increasing iron availability
Sophie Moreau-Marquis,Jennifer M. Bomberger,Gregory G. Anderson,Agnieszka Swiatecka-Urban,Siying Ye,George A. O'Toole,Bruce A. Stanton +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that human airway epithelial cells promote the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilms with a dramatically increased antibiotic resistance, in part, by increasing Fe release into the apical medium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exopolysaccharide biosynthetic glycoside hydrolases can be utilized to disrupt and prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms
Perrin Baker,Preston J. Hill,Brendan D. Snarr,Brendan D. Snarr,Noor Alnabelseya,Matthew J. Pestrak,Mark J. Lee,Mark J. Lee,Laura K. Jennings,John Tam,Roman A. Melnyk,Matthew R. Parsek,Donald C. Sheppard,Donald C. Sheppard,Daniel J. Wozniak,P. Lynne Howell +15 more
TL;DR: These noncytotoxic enzymes potentiated antibiotics because the addition of either enzyme to a sublethal concentration of colistin reduced viable bacterial counts by 2.5 orders of magnitude when used either prophylactically or on established 24-hour biofilms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel nanohybrid polysulfone membrane embedded with silver nanoparticles on graphene oxide nanoplates
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors combine silver nanoparticles with graphene oxide (GO) nanoplates to provide a more uniform distribution of silver in membranes, which resulted in a lower contact angle as well as higher flux and porosity.
References
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Adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to plastic tissue culture plates: a quantitative model for the adherence of staphylococci to medical devices.
Gordon D. Christensen,W A Simpson,J J Younger,Larry M. Baddour,F F Barrett,D M Melton,E H Beachey +6 more
TL;DR: The optical densities of stained bacterial films adherent to plastic tissue culture plates serve as a quantitative model for the study of the adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to medical devices, a process which may be important in the pathogenesis of foreign body infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contributions of Antibiotic Penetration, Oxygen Limitation, and Low Metabolic Activity to Tolerance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms to Ciprofloxacin and Tobramycin
Marshall C. Walters Iii,Frank L. Roe,Amandine Bugnicourt,Michael J. Franklin,Michael J. Franklin,Philip S. Stewart +5 more
TL;DR: Results show that oxygen limitation and low metabolic activity in the interior of the biofilm, not poor antibiotic penetration, are correlated with antibiotic tolerance of this P. aeruginosa biofilm system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Antibiotic Penetration Limitation in Klebsiella pneumoniae Biofilm Resistance to Ampicillin and Ciprofloxacin
TL;DR: The results suggest that some other resistance mechanism is involved for both agents and contributed to wild-type biofilm resistance to ampicillin but not to ciprofloxacin.
Book ChapterDOI
Genetic approaches to study of biofilms
George A. O'Toole,Leslie A. Pratt,Paula I. Watnick,Dianne K. Newman,Valerie B. Weaver,Roberto Kolter +5 more
TL;DR: This article operationally defines a biofilm as bacteria that are attached to a surface in sufficient numbers to be detected macroscopically.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of transposon mutants of biofilm-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis impaired in the accumulative phase of biofilm production: genetic identification of a hexosamine-containing polysaccharide intercellular adhesin.
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the mutants were impaired in the accumulative phase of biofilm production by S. epidermidis by mediating intercellular adhesion.