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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

GW170814: A three-detector observation of gravitational waves from a binary black hole coalescence

B. P. Abbott, +1116 more
- 06 Oct 2017 - 
- Vol. 119, Iss: 14, pp 141101-141101
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TLDR
For the first time, the nature of gravitational-wave polarizations from the antenna response of the LIGO-Virgo network is tested, thus enabling a new class of phenomenological tests of gravity.
Abstract: 
On August 14, 2017 at 10∶30:43 UTC, the Advanced Virgo detector and the two Advanced LIGO detectors coherently observed a transient gravitational-wave signal produced by the coalescence of two stellar mass black holes, with a false-alarm rate of ≲1 in 27 000 years. The signal was observed with a three-detector network matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio of 18. The inferred masses of the initial black holes are 30.5-3.0+5.7M⊙ and 25.3-4.2+2.8M⊙ (at the 90% credible level). The luminosity distance of the source is 540-210+130  Mpc, corresponding to a redshift of z=0.11-0.04+0.03. A network of three detectors improves the sky localization of the source, reducing the area of the 90% credible region from 1160   deg2 using only the two LIGO detectors to 60  deg2 using all three detectors. For the first time, we can test the nature of gravitational-wave polarizations from the antenna response of the LIGO-Virgo network, thus enabling a new class of phenomenological tests of gravity.

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Journal ArticleDOI

GW170817: observation of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral

B. P. Abbott, +1134 more
- 16 Oct 2017 - 
TL;DR: The association of GRB 170817A, detected by Fermi-GBM 1.7 s after the coalescence, corroborates the hypothesis of a neutron star merger and provides the first direct evidence of a link between these mergers and short γ-ray bursts.
Journal Article

The Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger

Duncan A. Brown
- 16 Mar 2016 - 
TL;DR: The first direct detection of gravitational waves and the first observation of a binary black hole merger were reported in this paper, with a false alarm rate estimated to be less than 1 event per 203,000 years, equivalent to a significance greater than 5.1σ.
Journal ArticleDOI

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

Fermi Gbm, +23 more
- 16 Oct 2017 - 
TL;DR: A binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors.
Journal ArticleDOI

Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A

B. P. Abbott, +1198 more
- 16 Oct 2017 - 
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the observed time delay of $(+1.74\pm 0.05)\,{\rm{s}}$ between GRB 170817A and GW170817 to constrain the difference between the speed of gravity and speed of light to be between $-3
Journal ArticleDOI

GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs

B. P. Abbott, +1148 more
- 04 Sep 2019 - 
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above 1 Ma during the first and second observing runs of the advanced GW detector network.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The Rate of Binary Black Hole Mergers Inferred from Advanced LIGO Observations Surrounding GW150914

B. P. Abbott, +988 more
- 30 Nov 2016 - 
Abstract: A transient gravitational-wave signal, GW150914, was identified in the twin Advanced LIGO detectors on September 14, 2015 at 09:50:45 UTC. To assess the implications of this discovery, the detectors remained in operation with unchanged configurations over a period of 39 d around the time of the signal. At the detection statistic threshold corresponding to that observed for GW150914, our search of the 16 days of simultaneous two-detector observational data is estimated to have a false alarm rate (FAR) of < 4.9 × 10^(−6) yr^(−1), yielding a p-value for GW150914 of < 2 × 10^(−7). Parameter estimation followup on this trigger identifies its source as a binary black hole (BBH) merger with component masses (m_1, m_2) = (36^(+5)_(−4), 29^(+4)_(−4)) M_⊙ at redshift z = 0.09^(+0.03)_(−0.04) (median and 90\% credible range). Here we report on the constraints these observations place on the rate of BBH coalescences. Considering only GW150914, assuming that all BBHs in the Universe have the same masses and spins as this event, imposing a search FAR threshold of 1 per 100 years, and assuming that the BBH merger rate is constant in the comoving frame, we infer a 90% credible range of merger rates between 2--53 Gpc^(−3) yr^(−1) (comoving frame). Incorporating all search triggers that pass a much lower threshold while accounting for the uncertainty in the astrophysical origin of each trigger, we estimate a higher rate, ranging from 13--600 Gpc^(−3) yr^(−1) depending on assumptions about the BBH mass distribution. All together, our various rate estimates fall in the conservative range 2--600 Gpc^(−3) yr^(−1).
Journal ArticleDOI

Towards models of gravitational waveforms from generic binaries: II. Modelling precession effects with a single effective precession parameter

Patricia Schmidt, +3 more
- 29 Jan 2015 - 
TL;DR: In this paper, a single effective precession spin parameter, χ_p, is defined from the spin components that lie in the orbital plane at some arbitrary instant during the inspiral.
Journal ArticleDOI

The first two years of electromagnetic follow-up with advanced ligo and virgo

Leo Singer, +17 more
- 10 Nov 2014 - 
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors modeled the detection rate and sky localization accuracy for binary neutron star (BNS) mergers across the transition from Advanced LIGO and Virgo and found that for most BNS events, the rapid sky localization, available about a minute after a detection, is as accurate as the full parameter estimation.
Journal ArticleDOI

Toward Early-warning Detection of Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Coalescence

Kipp Cannon, +14 more
- 01 Apr 2012 - 
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate a computationally practical filtering strategy that could produce early-warning triggers before gravitational radiation from the final merger has arrived at the detectors, which might make it possible to observe the onset of electromagnetic emission from CBC.
Journal ArticleDOI

Gravitational-wave observations as a tool for testing relativistic gravity

Douglas M. Eardley, +4 more
- 30 Apr 1973 - 
TL;DR: In this article, the role of gravitational wave observations in the investigation of relativistic theories of gravity is treated as providing greater potential in the prediction of wave propagation speed and the polarization properties of gravitational waves.
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