Microsatellite instability status determined by next-generation sequencing and compared with PD-L1 and tumor mutational burden in 11,348 patients.
TLDR
An MSI assay that uses data from a commercially available next‐generation sequencing (NGS) panel to determine MSI status is developed and offers distinct data for treatment decisions regarding immune checkpoint inhibitors, in addition to the data available from TMB and PD‐L1.Abstract:
Microsatellite instability (MSI) testing identifies patients who may benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. We developed an MSI assay that uses data from a commercially available next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel to determine MSI status. The assay is applicable across cancer types and does not require matched samples from normal tissue. Here, we describe the MSI-NGS method and explore the relationship of MSI with tumor mutational burden (TMB) and PD-L1. MSI examined by PCR fragment analysis and NGS was compared for 2189 matched cases. Mismatch repair status by immunohistochemistry was compared to MSI-NGS for 1986 matched cases. TMB was examined by NGS, and PD-L1 was determined by immunohistochemistry. Among 2189 matched cases that spanned 26 cancer types, MSI-NGS, as compared to MSI by PCR fragment analysis, had sensitivity of 95.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 92.24, 98.08), specificity of 99.4% (95% CI 98.94, 99.69), positive predictive value of 94.5% (95% CI 90.62, 97.14), and negative predictive value of 99.2% (95% CI, 98.75, 99.57). High MSI (MSI-H) status was identified in 23 of 26 cancer types. Among 11,348 cases examined (including the 2189 matched cases), the overall rates of MSI-H, TMB-high, and PD-L1 positivity were 3.0%, 7.7%, and 25.4%, respectively. Thirty percent of MSI-H cases were TMB-low, and only 26% of MSI-H cases were PD-L1 positive. The overlap between TMB, MSI, and PD-L1 differed among cancer types. Only 0.6% of the cases were positive for all three markers. MSI-H status can be determined by NGS across cancer types. MSI-H offers distinct data for treatment decisions regarding immune checkpoint inhibitors, in addition to the data available from TMB and PD-L1.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
ESMO recommendations on microsatellite instability testing for immunotherapy in cancer, and its relationship with PD-1/PD-L1 expression and tumour mutational burden: a systematic review-based approach
Claudio Luchini,Frédéric Bibeau,Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg,Naveena Singh,Alessia Nottegar,Tjalling Bosse,Rowan Miller,Nadeem Riaz,J.-Y. Douillard,Fabrice Andre,Aldo Scarpa +10 more
TL;DR: This ESMO initiative is a response to the urgent questions raised by the growing success of immunotherapy and provides also important insights on the relationships between MSI, TMB and PD-1/PD-L1 expression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular characterization of cancers with NTRK gene fusions.
TL;DR: The rarity of NTRK genes fusions outside the brain malignancies is confirmed and strategies for detection of the N TRK fusion-driven cancers may include immunohistochemistry, but gene fusion detection remains the most reliable tool.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tumor Mutational Burden as a Predictive Biomarker in Solid Tumors.
TL;DR: Evaluation of TMB as a predictive biomarker creates the need to harmonize panel-based TMB estimation and standardize its reporting, which can improve the predictive accuracy for immunotherapy outcomes, and has the potential to expand the candidate pool of patients for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Establishing guidelines to harmonize tumor mutational burden (TMB): in silico assessment of variation in TMB quantification across diagnostic platforms: phase I of the Friends of Cancer Research TMB Harmonization Project.
Diana M. Merino,Lisa M. McShane,David Fabrizio,Vincent Funari,Shu-Jen Chen,James R. White,Paul Wenz,Jonathan F. Baden,J. Carl Barrett,Ruchi Chaudhary,Li Chen,Wangjuh (Sting) Chen,Jen-Hao Cheng,Dinesh Cyanam,Jennifer S Dickey,Vikas Gupta,Matthew D. Hellmann,Elena Helman,Yali Li,Joerg Maas,Arnaud Papin,Rajesh Patidar,Katie Quinn,Naiyer A. Rizvi,Hongseok Tae,Christine K. Ward,Mingchao Xie,Ahmet Zehir,Chen Zhao,Manfred Dietel,Albrecht Stenzinger,Mark Stewart,Jeff Allen +32 more
TL;DR: Encouraging uptake of TMB as a predictive biomarker in the clinic creates an urgent need to bring stakeholders together to agree on the harmonization of key aspects of panel-based TMB estimation, such as the standardization of T MB reporting, standardized of analytical validation studies and the alignment ofPanel TMB values with a reference standard.
Journal ArticleDOI
The current state of molecular testing in the treatment of patients with solid tumors, 2019
Wafik S. El-Deiry,Richard M. Goldberg,Heinz-Josef Lenz,Anthony F. Shields,Geoffrey T. Gibney,Antoinette R. Tan,Jubilee Brown,Burton L. Eisenberg,Elisabeth I. Heath,Surasak Phuphanich,Edward J. Kim,Andrew Brenner,John L. Marshall +12 more
TL;DR: The authors provide the current state of the art for molecular profiling/precision medicine, practice standards, and a view into the future ahead.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A global reference for human genetic variation.
Adam Auton,Gonçalo R. Abecasis,David Altshuler,Richard Durbin,David R. Bentley,Aravinda Chakravarti,Andrew G. Clark,Peter Donnelly,Evan E. Eichler,Paul Flicek,Stacey Gabriel,Richard A. Gibbs,Eric D. Green,Matthew E. Hurles,Bartha Maria Knoppers,Jan O. Korbel,Eric S. Lander,Charles Lee,Hans Lehrach,Elaine R. Mardis,Gabor T. Marth,Gil McVean,Deborah A. Nickerson,Jeanette Schmidt,Stephen T. Sherry,Jun Wang,Richard K. Wilson,Eric Boerwinkle,Harsha Doddapaneni,Yi Han,Viktoriya Korchina,Christie Kovar,Sandra L. Lee,Donna M. Muzny,Jeffrey G. Reid,Yiming Zhu,Yuqi Chang,Qiang Feng,Qiang Feng,Xiaodong Fang,Xiaodong Fang,Xiaosen Guo,Xiaosen Guo,Min Jian,Min Jian,Hui Jiang,Hui Jiang,Xin Jin,Tianming Lan,Guoqing Li,Jingxiang Li,Yingrui Li,Shengmao Liu,Xiao Liu,Xiao Liu,Yao Lu,Xuedi Ma,Meifang Tang,Bo Wang,Guangbiao Wang,Honglong Wu,Renhua Wu,Xun Xu,Ye Yin,Dandan Zhang,Wenwei Zhang,Jiao Zhao,Meiru Zhao,Xiaole Zheng,Namrata Gupta,Neda Gharani,Lorraine Toji,Norman P. Gerry,Alissa M. Resch,Jonathan Barker,Laura Clarke,Laurent Gil,Sarah E. Hunt,Gavin Kelman,Eugene Kulesha,Rasko Leinonen,William M. McLaren,Rajesh Radhakrishnan,Asier Roa,Dmitriy Smirnov,Richard Smith,Ian Streeter,Anja Thormann,Iliana Toneva,Brendan Vaughan,Xiangqun Zheng-Bradley,Russell J. Grocock,Sean Humphray,Terena James,Zoya Kingsbury,Ralf Sudbrak,M. Albrecht,Vyacheslav Amstislavskiy,Tatiana A. Borodina,Matthias Lienhard,Florian Mertes,Marc Sultan,Bernd Timmermann,Marie-Laure Yaspo,Lucinda Fulton,Victor Ananiev,Zinaida Belaia,Dimitriy Beloslyudtsev,Nathan Bouk,Chao Chen,Deanna M. Church,Robert M. Cohen,Charles Cook,John Garner,Timothy Hefferon,Mikhail Kimelman,Chunlei Liu,John Lopez,Peter Meric,Chris O’Sullivan,Yuri Ostapchuk,Lon Phan,Sergiy Ponomarov,Valerie A. Schneider,Eugene Shekhtman,Karl Sirotkin,Douglas J. Slotta,Hua Zhang,Senduran Balasubramaniam,John Burton,Petr Danecek,Thomas M. Keane,Anja Kolb-Kokocinski,Shane A. McCarthy,James Stalker,Michael A. Quail,Christopher Davies,Jeremy Gollub,Teresa Webster,Brant Wong,Yiping Zhan,Christopher L. Campbell,Yu Kong,Anthony Marcketta,Fuli Yu,Lilian Antunes,Matthew N. Bainbridge,Aniko Sabo,Zhuoyi Huang,Lachlan J. M. Coin,Lin Fang,Lin Fang,Qibin Li,Zhenyu Li,Haoxiang Lin,Binghang Liu,Ruibang Luo,Haojing Shao,Haojing Shao,Yinlong Xie,Chen Ye,Chang Yu,Fan Zhang,Hancheng Zheng,Zhu Hongmei,Can Alkan,Elif Dal,Fatma Kahveci,Erik Garrison,Deniz Kural,Wan-Ping Lee,Wen Fung Leong,Michael Strömberg,Alistair Ward,Jiantao Wu,Mengyao Zhang,Mark J. Daly,Mark A. DePristo,Robert E. Handsaker,Robert E. Handsaker,Eric Banks,Gaurav Bhatia,Guillermo del Angel,Giulio Genovese,Heng Li,Seva Kashin,Seva Kashin,Steven A. McCarroll,Steven A. McCarroll,James Nemesh,Ryan Poplin,Seungtai Yoon,Jayon Lihm,Vladimir Makarov,Srikanth Gottipati,Alon Keinan,Juan L. Rodriguez-Flores,Tobias Rausch,Markus Hsi-Yang Fritz,Adrian M. Stütz,Kathryn Beal,Avik Datta,Javier Herrero,Graham R. S. Ritchie,Daniel R. Zerbino,Pardis C. Sabeti,Pardis C. Sabeti,Ilya Shlyakhter,Ilya Shlyakhter,Stephen F. Schaffner,Stephen F. Schaffner,Joseph J. Vitti,Joseph J. Vitti,David Neil Cooper,Edward V. Ball,Peter D. Stenson,Bret Barnes,Markus J. Bauer,R. Keira Cheetham,Anthony J. Cox,Michael A. Eberle,Scott Kahn,Lisa Murray,John F. Peden,Richard Shaw,Eimear E. Kenny,Mark A. Batzer,Miriam K. Konkel,Jerilyn A. Walker,Daniel G. MacArthur,Monkol Lek,Ralf Herwig,Li Ding,Daniel C. Koboldt,David E. Larson,Kai Ye,Simon Gravel,Anand Swaroop,Emily Y. Chew,Tuuli Lappalainen,Yaniv Erlich,Melissa Gymrek,Melissa Gymrek,Thomas Willems,Jared T. Simpson,Mark D. Shriver,Jeffrey A. Rosenfeld,Carlos Bustamante,Stephen B. Montgomery,Francisco M. De La Vega,Jake K. Byrnes,Andrew Carroll,Marianne K. DeGorter,Phil Lacroute,Brian K. Maples,Alicia R. Martin,Andrés Moreno-Estrada,Andrés Moreno-Estrada,Suyash Shringarpure,Fouad Zakharia,Eran Halperin,Eran Halperin,Yael Baran,Eliza Cerveira,Jaeho Hwang,Ankit Malhotra,Dariusz Plewczynski,Kamen Radew,Mallory Romanovitch,Chengsheng Zhang,Fiona Hyland,David Craig,Alexis Christoforides,Nils Homer,Tyler Izatt,Ahmet Kurdoglu,Shripad Sinari,Kevin Squire,Chunlin Xiao,Jonathan Sebat,Danny Antaki,Madhusudan Gujral,Amina Noor,Kenny Ye,Esteban G. Burchard,Ryan D. Hernandez,Christopher R. Gignoux,David Haussler,David Haussler,Sol Katzman,W. James Kent,Bryan Howie,Andres Ruiz-Linares,Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis,Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis,Scott E. Devine,Hyun Min Kang,Jeffrey M. Kidd,Thomas W. Blackwell,Sean Caron,Wei Chen,S. Emery,Lars G. Fritsche,Christian Fuchsberger,Goo Jun,Goo Jun,Bingshan Li,Robert H. Lyons,Chris Scheller,Carlo Sidore,Carlo Sidore,Carlo Sidore,Shiya Song,Elzbieta Sliwerska,Daniel Taliun,Adrian Tan,Ryan P. Welch,Mary Kate Wing,Xiaowei Zhan,Philip Awadalla,Philip Awadalla,Alan Hodgkinson,Yun Li,Xinghua Shi,Andrew Quitadamo,Gerton Lunter,Jonathan Marchini,Simon Myers,Claire Churchhouse,Olivier Delaneau,Olivier Delaneau,Anjali Gupta-Hinch,Warren W. Kretzschmar,Zamin Iqbal,Iain Mathieson,Androniki Menelaou,Androniki Menelaou,Andy Rimmer,Dionysia Kiara Xifara,Taras K. Oleksyk,Yunxin Fu,Xiaoming Liu,Momiao Xiong,Lynn B. Jorde,David J. Witherspoon,Jinchuan Xing,Brian L. Browning,Sharon R. Browning,Fereydoun Hormozdiari,Peter H. Sudmant,Ekta Khurana,Chris Tyler-Smith,Cornelis A. Albers,Qasim Ayub,Yuan Chen,Vincenza Colonna,Vincenza Colonna,Luke Jostins,Klaudia Walter,Yali Xue,Mark Gerstein,Alexej Abyzov,Suganthi Balasubramanian,Jieming Chen,Declan Clarke,Yao Fu,Arif Harmanci,Mike Jin,Dong-Hoon Lee,Jeremy Liu,Xinmeng Jasmine Mu,Xinmeng Jasmine Mu,Jing Zhang,Yan Zhang,Christopher Hartl,Khalid Shakir,Jeremiah D. Degenhardt,Sascha Meiers,Benjamin Raeder,Francesco Paolo Casale,Oliver Stegle,Eric-Wubbo Lameijer,Ira M. Hall,Vineet Bafna,Jacob J. Michaelson,Eugene J. Gardner,Ryan E. Mills,Gargi Dayama,Ken Chen,Xian Fan,Zechen Chong,Tenghui Chen,Mark Chaisson,John Huddleston,Maika Malig,Bradley J. Nelson,Nicholas F. Parrish,Ben Blackburne,Sarah J. Lindsay,Zemin Ning,Yujun Zhang,Hugo Y. K. Lam,Cristina Sisu,Danny Challis,Uday S. Evani,James T. Lu,Uma Nagaswamy,Jin Yu,Wangshen Li,Lukas Habegger,Haiyuan Yu,Fiona Cunningham,Ian Dunham,Kasper Lage,Kasper Lage,Jakob Berg Jespersen,Jakob Berg Jespersen,Jakob Berg Jespersen,Heiko Horn,Heiko Horn,Donghoon Kim,Rob DeSalle,Apurva Narechania,Melissa A. Wilson Sayres,Fernando L. Mendez,G. David Poznik,Peter A. Underhill,David Mittelman,Ruby Banerjee,Maria Cerezo,Thomas W. Fitzgerald,Sandra Louzada,Andrea Massaia,Fengtang Yang,Divya Kalra,Walker Hale,Xu Dan,Kathleen C. Barnes,Christine Beiswanger,Hongyu Cai,Hongzhi Cao,Hongzhi Cao,Brenna M. Henn,Danielle Jones,Jane Kaye,Alastair Kent,Angeliki Kerasidou,Rasika A. Mathias,Pilar N. Ossorio,Michael Parker,Charles N. Rotimi,Charmaine D.M. Royal,Karla Sandoval,Yeyang Su,Zhongming Tian,Sarah A. Tishkoff,Marc Via,Yuhong Wang,Huanming Yang,Ling Yang,Jiayong Zhu,Walter F. Bodmer,Gabriel Bedoya,Zhiming Cai,Yang Gao,Jiayou Chu,Leena Peltonen,Andrés C. García-Montero,Alberto Orfao,Julie Dutil,Juan Carlos Martínez-Cruzado,R. Mathias,Anselm Hennis,Harold Watson,Colin A. McKenzie,Firdausi Qadri,Regina C. LaRocque,Xiaoyan Deng,Danny Asogun,Onikepe A. Folarin,Christian T. Happi,Omonwunmi Omoniwa,Matt Stremlau,Matt Stremlau,Ridhi Tariyal,Ridhi Tariyal,M Jallow,M Jallow,Fatoumatta Sisay Joof,Fatoumatta Sisay Joof,Tumani Corrah,Tumani Corrah,Kirk A. Rockett,Kirk A. Rockett,Dominic P. Kwiatkowski,Dominic P. Kwiatkowski,Jaspal S. Kooner,Tran Tinh Hien,Sarah J. Dunstan,Sarah J. Dunstan,Nguyen ThuyHang,Richard Fonnie,Robert F. Garry,Lansana Kanneh,Lina M. Moses,John S. Schieffelin,Donald S. Grant,Carla Gallo,Giovanni Poletti,Danish Saleheen,Asif Rasheed,Lisa D. Brooks,Adam Felsenfeld,Jean E. McEwen,Yekaterina Vaydylevich,Audrey Duncanson,Michael Dunn,Jeffery A. Schloss +517 more
TL;DR: The 1000 Genomes Project set out to provide a comprehensive description of common human genetic variation by applying whole-genome sequencing to a diverse set of individuals from multiple populations, and has reconstructed the genomes of 2,504 individuals from 26 populations using a combination of low-coverage whole-generation sequencing, deep exome sequencing, and dense microarray genotyping.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nivolumab versus Docetaxel in Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Hossein Borghaei,Luis Paz-Ares,Leora Horn,D. R. Spigel,M. Steins,Neal Ready,L.Q. Chow,Everett E. Vokes,Enriqueta Felip,Esther Holgado,F. Barlesi,M. Kohlhufl,Oscar Arrieta,Marco Angelo Burgio,J. Fayette,H. Lena,Elena Poddubskaya,David E. Gerber,Scott N. Gettinger,Charles M. Rudin,Naiyer A. Rizvi,L. Crina,G. R. Blumenschein,Scott J. Antonia,C. Dorange,C. T. Harbison,F. Graf Finckenstein,Julie R. Brahmer +27 more
TL;DR: Nivolumab was associated with even greater efficacy than docetaxel across all end points in subgroups defined according to prespecified levels of tumor-membrane expression (≥1, ≥5%, and ≥10%) of the PD-1 ligand.
Journal ArticleDOI
PD-1 Blockade in Tumors with Mismatch-Repair Deficiency
Dung T. Le,Jennifer N. Uram,Hao Wang,Bjarne Bartlett,Holly Kemberling,Aleksandra Eyring,Andrew D. Skora,Brandon Luber,Nilofer S. Azad,Daniel A. Laheru,Barbara A. Biedrzycki,Ross C. Donehower,Atif Zaheer,George A. Fisher,Todd S. Crocenzi,James J. Lee,Steven M. Duffy,Richard M. Goldberg,Richard M. Goldberg,Albert de la Chapelle,Albert de la Chapelle,Minori Koshiji,Feriyl Bhaijee,Thomas Huebner,Ralph H. Hruban,Laura D. Wood,Nathan Cuka,Drew M. Pardoll,Nickolas Papadopoulos,Kenneth W. Kinzler,Shibin Zhou,Toby C. Cornish,Janis M. Taube,Robert A. Anders,James R. Eshleman,Bert Vogelstein,Luis A. Diaz +36 more
TL;DR: This study showed that mismatch-repair status predicted clinical benefit of immune checkpoint blockade with pembrolizumab, and high somatic mutation loads were associated with prolonged progression-free survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mutational landscape determines sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in non–small cell lung cancer
Naiyer A. Rizvi,Naiyer A. Rizvi,Matthew D. Hellmann,Matthew D. Hellmann,Alexandra Snyder,Alexandra Snyder,Pia Kvistborg,Vladimir Makarov,Jonathan J. Havel,William Lee,Jianda Yuan,Phillip Wong,Teresa S. Ho,Martin L. Miller,Natasha Rekhtman,Andre L. Moreira,Fawzia Ibrahim,Cameron Bruggeman,Billel Gasmi,Roberta Zappasodi,Yuka Maeda,Chris Sander,Edward B. Garon,Taha Merghoub,Jedd D. Wolchok,Jedd D. Wolchok,Ton N. Schumacher,Timothy A. Chan,Timothy A. Chan +28 more
TL;DR: Treatment efficacy was associated with a higher number of mutations in the tumors, and a tumor-specific T cell response paralleled tumor regression in one patient, suggesting that the genomic landscape of lung cancers shapes response to anti–PD-1 therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
Edward B. Garon,Naiyer A. Rizvi,Rina Hui,Natasha B. Leighl,Ani Sarkis Balmanoukian,Joseph Paul Eder,Amita Patnaik,Charu Aggarwal,Matthew A. Gubens,Leora Horn,Enric Carcereny,Myung-Ju Ahn,Enriqueta Felip,Jong-Seok Lee,Matthew D. Hellmann,Omid Hamid,Jonathan W. Goldman,Jean-Charles Soria,Marisa Dolled-Filhart,Ruth Z. Rutledge,Jin Zhang,Jared Lunceford,Reshma A. Rangwala,Gregory M. Lubiniecki,Charlotte Roach,Kenneth Emancipator,Leena Gandhi +26 more
TL;DR: Pembrolizumab had an acceptable side-effect profile and showed antitumor activity in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and PD-L1 expression in at least 50% of tumor cells correlated with improved efficacy of pembrolIZumab.
Related Papers (5)
Mismatch repair deficiency predicts response of solid tumors to PD-1 blockade
Dung T. Le,Dung T. Le,Jennifer N. Durham,Jennifer N. Durham,Kellie N. Smith,Hao Wang,Bjarne Bartlett,Bjarne Bartlett,Laveet K. Aulakh,Laveet K. Aulakh,Steve Lu,Steve Lu,Holly Kemberling,Cara Wilt,Brandon Luber,Fay Wong,Fay Wong,Nilofer S. Azad,Agnieszka A. Rucki,Daniel A. Laheru,Ross C. Donehower,Atif Zaheer,George A. Fisher,Todd S. Crocenzi,James J. Lee,Tim F. Greten,Austin G. Duffy,Kristen K. Ciombor,Aleksandra Eyring,Bao H. Lam,Andrew K. Joe,S. Peter Kang,Matthias Holdhoff,Ludmila Danilova,Leslie Cope,Christian F. Meyer,Shibin Zhou,Shibin Zhou,Richard M. Goldberg,Deborah K. Armstrong,Katherine M. Bever,Amanda N. Fader,Janis M. Taube,Franck Housseau,David Spetzler,Nianqing Xiao,Drew M. Pardoll,Nickolas Papadopoulos,Nickolas Papadopoulos,Kenneth W. Kinzler,Kenneth W. Kinzler,James R. Eshleman,Bert Vogelstein,Bert Vogelstein,Robert A. Anders,Robert A. Anders,Luis A. Diaz,Luis A. Diaz +57 more
PD-1 Blockade in Tumors with Mismatch-Repair Deficiency
Dung T. Le,Jennifer N. Uram,Hao Wang,Bjarne Bartlett,Holly Kemberling,Aleksandra Eyring,Andrew D. Skora,Brandon Luber,Nilofer S. Azad,Daniel A. Laheru,Barbara A. Biedrzycki,Ross C. Donehower,Atif Zaheer,George A. Fisher,Todd S. Crocenzi,James J. Lee,Steven M. Duffy,Richard M. Goldberg,Richard M. Goldberg,Albert de la Chapelle,Albert de la Chapelle,Minori Koshiji,Feriyl Bhaijee,Thomas Huebner,Ralph H. Hruban,Laura D. Wood,Nathan Cuka,Drew M. Pardoll,Nickolas Papadopoulos,Kenneth W. Kinzler,Shibin Zhou,Toby C. Cornish,Janis M. Taube,Robert A. Anders,James R. Eshleman,Bert Vogelstein,Luis A. Diaz +36 more
Analysis of 100,000 human cancer genomes reveals the landscape of tumor mutational burden
Zachary R. Chalmers,Caitlin F. Connelly,David Fabrizio,Siraj M. Ali,Riley Ennis,Alexa B. Schrock,Brittany Campbell,Adam Shlien,Juliann Chmielecki,Franklin W. Huang,Yuting He,James Sun,Uri Tabori,Mark Kennedy,Daniel S. Lieber,Steven Roels,Jared White,G. Otto,Jeffrey S. Ross,Levi A. Garraway,Levi A. Garraway,Vincent A. Miller,Phillip J. Stephens,Garrett M. Frampton +23 more
Mutational landscape determines sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in non–small cell lung cancer
Naiyer A. Rizvi,Naiyer A. Rizvi,Matthew D. Hellmann,Matthew D. Hellmann,Alexandra Snyder,Alexandra Snyder,Pia Kvistborg,Vladimir Makarov,Jonathan J. Havel,William Lee,Jianda Yuan,Phillip Wong,Teresa S. Ho,Martin L. Miller,Natasha Rekhtman,Andre L. Moreira,Fawzia Ibrahim,Cameron Bruggeman,Billel Gasmi,Roberta Zappasodi,Yuka Maeda,Chris Sander,Edward B. Garon,Taha Merghoub,Jedd D. Wolchok,Jedd D. Wolchok,Ton N. Schumacher,Timothy A. Chan,Timothy A. Chan +28 more
Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Lung Cancer with a High Tumor Mutational Burden
Matthew D. Hellmann,Tudor-Eliade Ciuleanu,Adam Pluzanski,Jong-Seok Lee,Gregory A. Otterson,Clarisse Audigier-Valette,Elisa Minenza,Helena Linardou,Sjaak Burgers,Pamela Salman,Hossein Borghaei,Suresh S. Ramalingam,Julie R. Brahmer,Martin Reck,Kenneth J. O'Byrne,William J. Geese,George Green,Han Chang,Joseph D. Szustakowski,Prabhu Bhagavatheeswaran,Diane Healey,Yali Fu,F. E. Nathan,Luis Paz-Ares +23 more