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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

State of the Human Proteome in 2014/2015 As Viewed through PeptideAtlas: Enhancing Accuracy and Coverage through the AtlasProphet.

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TLDR
Improved handling for detection and presentation of single amino-acid variants (SAAVs) reveals the detection of 5326 uniquely mapping SAAVs across 2794 proteins.
Abstract
The Human PeptideAtlas is a compendium of the highest quality peptide identifications from over 1000 shotgun mass spectrometry proteomics experiments collected from many different laboratories, all reanalyzed through a uniform processing pipeline. The latest 2015-03 build contains substantially more input data than past releases, is mapped to a recent version of our merged reference proteome, and uses improved informatics processing and the development of the AtlasProphet to provide the highest quality results. Within the set of ∼20,000 neXtProt primary entries, 14,070 (70%) are confidently detected in the latest build, 5% are ambiguous, 9% are redundant, leaving the total percentage of proteins for which there are no mapping detections at just 16% (3166), all derived from over 133 million peptide-spectrum matches identifying more than 1 million distinct peptides using AtlasProphet to characterize and classify the protein matches. Improved handling for detection and presentation of single amino-acid variants (SAAVs) reveals the detection of 5326 uniquely mapping SAAVs across 2794 proteins. With such a large amount of data, the control of false positives is a challenge. We present the methodology and results for maintaining rigorous quality along with a discussion of the implications of the remaining sources of errors in the build.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Alternative Splicing May Not Be the Key to Proteome Complexity

TL;DR: Most alternative exons do not seem to be under selective pressure, suggesting that a large majority of predicted alternative transcripts may not even be translated into proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI

Recommendations for the Generation, Quantification, Storage, and Handling of Peptides Used for Mass Spectrometry–Based Assays

TL;DR: The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium of the National Cancer Institute has collaborated with clinical laboratorians, peptide manufacturers, metrologists, representatives of the pharmaceutical industry, and other professionals to develop a consensus set of recommendations for peptide procurement, characterization, storage, and handling.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Human Plasma Proteome Draft of 2017: Building on the Human Plasma PeptideAtlas from Mass Spectrometry and Complementary Assays

TL;DR: The history of the HPPP and the advances of human plasma proteomics in general are reviewed, including several recent achievements, and the latest 2017-04 build of Human Plasma PeptideAtlas is presented, which yields ∼43 million peptide-spectrum matches and 122,730 distinct peptide sequences from 178 individual experiments.
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An update on sORFs.org: a repository of small ORFs identified by ribosome profiling.

TL;DR: This update elaborates on the major improvements implemented since the initial release of sORFs.org, and a full PRIDE-ReSpin pipeline was now released, reprocessing publicly available MS-based proteomics PRIDE datasets, reporting on true translation events.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

UniProt: the Universal Protein knowledgebase

TL;DR: The Swiss-Prot, TrEMBL and PIR protein database activities have united to form the Universal Protein Knowledgebase (UniProt), which is to provide a comprehensive, fully classified, richly and accurately annotated protein sequence knowledgebase, with extensive cross-references and query interfaces.
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Mass spectrometry-based proteomics

TL;DR: The ability of mass spectrometry to identify and, increasingly, to precisely quantify thousands of proteins from complex samples can be expected to impact broadly on biology and medicine.
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Empirical statistical model to estimate the accuracy of peptide identifications made by MS/MS and database search.

TL;DR: A statistical model is presented to estimate the accuracy of peptide assignments to tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra made by database search applications such as SEQUEST, demonstrating that the computed probabilities are accurate and have high power to discriminate between correctly and incorrectly assigned peptides.
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A statistical model for identifying proteins by tandem mass spectrometry.

TL;DR: A statistical model is presented for computing probabilities that proteins are present in a sample on the basis of peptides assigned to tandem mass (MS/MS) spectra acquired from a proteolytic digest of the sample, and it is shown to produce probabilities that are accurate and have high power to discriminate correct from incorrect protein identifications.
Journal ArticleDOI

The SWISS-PROT protein knowledgebase and its supplement TrEMBL in 2003

TL;DR: The SWISS-PROT protein knowledgebase connects amino acid sequences with the current knowledge in the Life Sciences by providing an interdisciplinary overview of relevant information by bringing together experimental results, computed features and sometimes even contradictory conclusions.
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