The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2.
Kristian G. Andersen,Kristian G. Andersen,Andrew Rambaut,W. Ian Lipkin,Edward C. Holmes,Robert F. Garry +5 more
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TLDR
It is shown that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus, and scenarios by which they could have arisen are discussed.Abstract:
SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh coronavirus known to infect humans; SARSCoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 can cause severe disease, whereas HKU1, NL63, OC43 and 229E are associated with mild symptoms6. Here we review what can be deduced about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 from comparative analysis of genomic data. We offer a perspective on the notable features of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and discuss scenarios by which they could have arisen. Our analyses clearly show that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus.read more
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The central role of the nasal microenvironment in the transmission, modulation, and clinical progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection
TL;DR: The possibility that the regulation of the systemic inflammatory network against the virus can be modulated starting from the initial phases of the nasal and nasopharyngeal response is explored and this may have several clinical and epidemiological implications starting from a mucosal vaccine development.
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Where have all the children gone? Decreases in paediatric emergency department attendances at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020.
TL;DR: If the epidemiology of the pandemic in the UK follows that of countries with similar demographics and healthcare provision, it is likely that the burden of disease will fall predominantly on older age groups.
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On the evolutionary epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2.
TL;DR: What little is currently known about the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is reviewed and existing evolutionary theory is extended to consider how selection might be acting upon the virus during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Journal ArticleDOI
First Reported Cases of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Companion Animals - New York, March-April 2020.
Alexandra Newman,David J. Smith,Ria R. Ghai,Ryan M. Wallace,Mia Kim Torchetti,Christina M. Loiacono,Laura S Murrell,Ann Carpenter,Scott Moroff,Jane A. Rooney,Casey Barton Behravesh +10 more
TL;DR: Although there is currently no evidence that animals play a substantial role in spreading COVID-19, CDC advises persons with suspected or confirmed CO VID-19 to restrict contact with animals during their illness and to monitor any animals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and separate them from other persons and animals at home.
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Lessons from the host defences of bats, a unique viral reservoir.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the mechanisms that underpin the host defence system and immune tolerance of bats, and their ramifications for human health and disease, and they strongly believe that it is time to focus on bats in research for the benefit of both bats and humankind.
References
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Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Chaolin Huang,Yeming Wang,Xingwang Li,Lili Ren,Jianping Zhao,Yi Hu,Li Zhang,Guohui Fan,Jiuyang Xu,Xiaoying Gu,Zhenshun Cheng,Ting Yu,Jia'an Xia,Yuan Wei,Wenjuan Wu,Xuelei Xie,Wen Yin,Li Hui,Min Liu,Yan Xiao,Hong Gao,Li Guo,Jungang Xie,Guang-Fa Wang,Rongmeng Jiang,Zhancheng Gao,Qi Jin,Jianwei Wang,Bin Cao +28 more
TL;DR: The epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment and clinical outcomes of patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in Wuhan, China, were reported.
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A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
Peng Zhou,Xing-Lou Yang,Xian Guang Wang,Ben Hu,Lei Zhang,Wei Zhang,Hao Rui Si,Yan Zhu,Bei Li,Chao Lin Huang,Hui-Dong Chen,Jing Chen,Yun Luo,Hua Guo,Ren Di Jiang,Meiqin Liu,Ying Chen,Xu Rui Shen,Xi Wang,Xiao Shuang Zheng,Kai Zhao,Quanjiao Chen,Fei Deng,Lin Lin Liu,Bing Yan,Fa Xian Zhan,Yan-Yi Wang,Gengfu Xiao,Zhengli Shi +28 more
TL;DR: Identification and characterization of a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China, and it is shown that this virus belongs to the species of SARSr-CoV, indicates that the virus is related to a bat coronav virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China.
Fan Wu,Su Zhao,Bin Yu,Yan-Mei Chen,Wen Wang,Zhi gang Song,Yi Hu,Zhao Wu Tao,Jun Hua Tian,Yuan Yuan Pei,Ming Li Yuan,Yu Ling Zhang,Fa Hui Dai,Yi Liu,Qi Min Wang,Jiao Jiao Zheng,Lin Xu,Edward C. Holmes,Edward C. Holmes,Yong-Zhen Zhang,Yong-Zhen Zhang +20 more
TL;DR: Phylogenetic and metagenomic analyses of the complete viral genome of a new coronavirus from the family Coronaviridae reveal that the virus is closely related to a group of SARS-like coronaviruses found in bats in China.
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An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time.
TL;DR: The outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has induced a considerable degree of fear, emotional stress and anxiety among individuals around the world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation.
Daniel Wrapp,Nianshuang Wang,Kizzmekia S. Corbett,Jory A. Goldsmith,Ching-Lin Hsieh,Olubukola M. Abiona,Barney S. Graham,Jason S. McLellan +7 more
TL;DR: The authors show that this protein binds at least 10 times more tightly than the corresponding spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)–CoV to their common host cell receptor, and test several published SARS-CoV RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies found that they do not have appreciable binding to 2019-nCoV S, suggesting that antibody cross-reactivity may be limited between the two RBDs.
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