The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2.
Kristian G. Andersen,Kristian G. Andersen,Andrew Rambaut,W. Ian Lipkin,Edward C. Holmes,Robert F. Garry +5 more
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TLDR
It is shown that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus, and scenarios by which they could have arisen are discussed.Abstract:
SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh coronavirus known to infect humans; SARSCoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 can cause severe disease, whereas HKU1, NL63, OC43 and 229E are associated with mild symptoms6. Here we review what can be deduced about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 from comparative analysis of genomic data. We offer a perspective on the notable features of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and discuss scenarios by which they could have arisen. Our analyses clearly show that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus.read more
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The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention.
Matthew Zirui Tay,Chek Meng Poh,Laurent Rénia,Laurent Rénia,Paul A. MacAry,Lisa F. P. Ng,Lisa F. P. Ng,Lisa F. P. Ng +7 more
TL;DR: The interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the immune system and the subsequent contribution of dysfunctional immune responses to disease progression is described and the implications of these approaches for potential therapeutic interventions that target viral infection and/or immunoregulation are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
TL;DR: The basic virology of SARS-CoV-2 is described, including genomic characteristics and receptor use, highlighting its key difference from previously known coronaviruses.
Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19)
TL;DR: The effects of the epidemic caused by the new CoV has yet to emerge as the situation is quickly evolving, and world governments are at work to establish countermeasures to stem possible devastating effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Engineered Human Tissues Using Clinical-Grade Soluble Human ACE2.
Vanessa Monteil,Hyesoo Kwon,Patrícia Rezende do Prado,Astrid Hagelkruys,Reiner A. Wimmer,Martin Stahl,Alexandra Leopoldi,Elena Garreta,Carmen Hurtado del Pozo,Felipe Prosper,Juan P. Romero,Gerald Wirnsberger,Haibo Zhang,Arthur S. Slutsky,Ryan K. Conder,Nuria Montserrat,Ali Mirazimi,Ali Mirazimi,Josef M. Penninger,Josef M. Penninger +19 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that hrsACE2 can significantly block early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infections, and is proposed that inhibiting this interaction might be used in treating patients with COVID-19.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deep Mutational Scanning of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Reveals Constraints on Folding and ACE2 Binding.
Tyler N. Starr,Allison J. Greaney,Allison J. Greaney,Sarah K Hilton,Sarah K Hilton,Daniel Ellis,Katharine H.D. Crawford,Katharine H.D. Crawford,Adam S. Dingens,Mary Jane Navarro,John E. Bowen,M. Alejandra Tortorici,Alexandra C. Walls,Neil P. King,David Veesler,Jesse D. Bloom,Jesse D. Bloom,Jesse D. Bloom +17 more
TL;DR: It is found that a substantial number of mutations to the RBD are well tolerated or even enhance ACE2 binding, including at ACE2 interface residues that vary across SARS-related coronaviruses.
References
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Peptidoglycan-Associated Cyclic Lipopeptide Disrupts Viral Infectivity
Bryan A. Johnson,Adam Hage,Birte Kalveram,Megan C. Mears,Jessica A. Plante,Sergio E. Rodriguez,Zhixia Ding,Xuemei Luo,Dennis A. Bente,Shelton S. Bradrick,Alexander N. Freiberg,Vsevolod L. Popov,Ricardo Rajsbaum,Shannan L. Rossi,William K. Russell,Vineet D. Menachery +15 more
TL;DR: Overall, the results indicate that peptidoglycan-associated surfactin has broad viricidal activity and suggest that bacteria by-products may negatively modulate virus infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spike protein, S, of human coronavirus HKU1: role in viral life cycle and application in antibody detection.
Che Man Chan,Patrick C. Y. Woo,Susanna K. P. Lau,Herman Tse,Honglin Chen,Feng Li,Bo-Jian Zheng,Ling Chen,Ling Chen,Jian-Dong Huang,Kwok-Yung Yuen +10 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that the native form of HCoV-HKU1 spike expressed in the SFV system can be used in developing serological diagnostic assay and in understanding the role of S in the viral life cycle.
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