University of Lorraine

About: University of Lorraine is a education organization based out in Nancy, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 11942 authors who have published 25010 publications receiving 425227 citations. The organization is also known as: Lorraine University.

Shortened telomeres in circulating leukocytes of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Abstract: Rationale: Telomere length is considered a marker for biological aging. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be associated with premature aging.Objectives: To test the hypothesis that patients with COPD experience accelerated telomere shortening and that inflammation is linked to this process.Methods: We measured telomere length, using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction–based method, and plasma levels of various cytokines in 136 patients with COPD, 113 age- and sex-matched smokers, and 42 nonsmokers with normal lung function.Measurements and Main Results: Median (range) telomere length ratio was significantly lower in patients with COPD (0.57 [0.23–1.18]) than in control smokers (0.79 [0.34–1.58]) or nonsmokers (0.85 [0.38–1.55]) (P < 0.001). The difference remained highly significant when using logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and tobacco exposure. Both females and males with COPD had shorter telomere length than same-sex control subjects. Telomere length was related ...

Large Signal Stability Analysis Tools in DC Power Systems With Constant Power Loads and Variable Power Loads—A Review

Abstract: Electric motor drives and power electronic converters have become increasingly common in advanced power systems. Passive LC filters are used in these systems to reduce the power ripples. These filters are usually poorly damped for reducing the losses as well as the size/weight and the cost of the system. This leads to instability phenomena if the load power exceeds a power limit depending on the filter parameters. The purpose of this paper is to present tools allowing large signal stability analysis of a dc power system. These tools allow estimation of the domain of attraction of the system operating point. It will be shown that this large signal stability analysis gives useful hints on the design of the system to optimize the stability criteria for constant and variable power loads. The impact of the load dynamics on stability is also studied. An electric drive connected to a dc power supply through a poorly damped LC filter is used as a case study. The simulations and the experimentations confirm the analytical results.

Nanoparticles for Radiation Therapy Enhancement: the Key Parameters.

Abstract: This review focuses on the radiosensitization strategies that use high-Z nanoparticles. It does not establish an exhaustive list of the works in this field but rather propose constructive criticisms pointing out critical factors that could improve the nano-radiation therapy. Whereas most reviews show the chemists and/or biologists points of view, the present analysis is also seen through the prism of the medical physicist. In particular, we described and evaluated the influence of X-rays energy spectra using a numerical analysis. We observed a lack of standardization in preclinical studies that could partially explain the low number of translation to clinical applications for this innovative therapeutic strategy. Pointing out the critical parameters of high-Z nanoparticles radiosensitization, this review is expected to contribute to a larger preclinical and clinical development.