University of Lorraine

About: University of Lorraine is a education organization based out in Nancy, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 11942 authors who have published 25010 publications receiving 425227 citations. The organization is also known as: Lorraine University.

Toward the Internet of Things for Physical Internet: Perspectives and Challenges

Abstract: The Physical Internet (PI, or $\pi $ ) paradigm has been developed to be a global logistics system that aims to move, handle, store, and transport logistics products in a sustainable and efficient way. To achieve the goal, the PI requires a high-level interconnectivity in the physical, informational, and operational aspects enabled by an interconnected network of intermodal hubs, collaborative protocols, and standardized, modular, and smart containers. In this context, PI is a key player poised to benefit from the Internet-of-Things (IoT) revolution since it potentially provides an end-to-end visibility of the PI objects, operations, and systems through ubiquitous information exchange. This article is to investigate opportunities of application of the IoT technology in the PI vision. In addition, an IoT ecosystem ( $\pi $ -IoT) encompassing key enabling IoT technologies, building blocks, and a service-oriented architecture (SoA) is proposed as a potential component for accelerating the implementation of PI. The major challenges regarding the deployment of IoT into the emerging logistics concept are also discussed intensively for further research.

The Intermetallic Compound ZnPd and Its Role in Methanol Steam Reforming

Abstract: The rich literature about the intermetallic compound ZnPd as well as several ZnPd near-surface intermetallic phases is reviewed. ZnPd is frequently observed in different catalytic reactions triggering this review in order to collect the knowledge about the compound. The review addresses the chemical and physical properties of the compound and relates these comprehensively to the catalytic properties of ZnPd in methanol steam reforming--an interesting reaction to release hydrogen for a future hydrogen-based energy infrastructure from water/methanol mixtures. The broad scope of the review covers experimental work as well as quantum chemical calculations on a variety of Pd-Zn materials, aiming at covering all relevant literature to derive a sound state-of-the-art picture of the understanding gained so far.

Monothiol glutaredoxins and A-type proteins: partners in Fe–S cluster trafficking

Abstract: Monothiol glutaredoxins (Grxs) are proposed to function in Fe–S cluster storage and delivery, based on their ability to exist as apo monomeric forms and dimeric forms containing a subunit-bridging [Fe2S2]2+ cluster, and to accept [Fe2S2]2+ clusters from primary scaffold proteins. In addition yeast cytosolic monothiol Grxs interact with Fra2 (Fe repressor of activation-2), to form a heterodimeric complex with a bound [Fe2S2]2+ cluster that plays a key role in iron sensing and regulation of iron homeostasis. In this work, we report on in vitro UV-visible CD studies of cluster transfer between homodimeric monothiol Grxs and members of the ubiquitous A-type class of Fe–S cluster carrier proteins (NifIscA and SufA). The results reveal rapid, unidirectional, intact and quantitative cluster transfer from the [Fe2S2]2+ cluster-bound forms of A. thaliana GrxS14, S. cerevisiae Grx3, and A. vinelandii Grx-nif homodimers to A. vinelandiiNifIscA and from A. thaliana GrxS14 to A. thaliana SufA1. Coupled with in vivo evidence for interaction between monothiol Grxs and A-type Fe–S cluster carrier proteins, the results indicate that these two classes of proteins work together in cellular Fe–S cluster trafficking. However, cluster transfer is reversed in the presence of Fra2, since the [Fe2S2]2+ cluster-bound heterodimeric Grx3–Fra2 complex can be formed by intact [Fe2S2]2+ cluster transfer from NifIscA. The significance of these results for Fe–S cluster biogenesis or repair and the cellular regulation of the Fe–S cluster status are discussed.

Fixed-Dose Combination Therapy With Daclatasvir, Asunaprevir, and Beclabuvir for Noncirrhotic Patients With HCV Genotype 1 Infection

Abstract: Importance The antiviral activity of all-oral, ribavirin-free, direct-acting antiviral regimens requires evaluation in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Objective To determine the rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients receiving the 3-drug combination of daclatasvir (a pan-genotypic NS5A inhibitor), asunaprevir (an NS3 protease inhibitor), and beclabuvir (a nonnucleoside NS5B inhibitor). Design, Setting, and Participants This was an open-label, single-group, uncontrolled international study (UNITY-1) conducted at 66 sites in the United States, Canada, France, and Australia between December 2013 and August 2014. Patients without cirrhosis who were either treatment-naive (n = 312) or treatment-experienced (n = 103) and had chronic HCV genotype 1 infection were included. Interventions Patients received a twice-daily fixed-dose combination of daclatasvir, 30 mg; asunaprevir, 200 mg; and beclabuvir, 75 mg. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary study outcome was SVR12 (HCV-RNA Results Baseline characteristics were comparable between the treatment-naive and treatment-experienced cohorts. Patients were 58% male, 26% had IL28B (rs12979860) CC genotype, 73% were infected with genotype 1a, and 27% were infected with genotype 1b. Overall, SVR12 was observed in 379 of 415 patients (91.3%; 95% CI, 88.6%-94.0%): 287 of 312 treatment-naive patients (92.0%; 95% CI, 89.0%-95.0%) and 92 of 103 treatment-experienced patients (89.3%; 95% CI, 83.4%-95.3%). Virologic failure occurred in 34 patients (8%) overall. One patient died at posttreatment week 3; this was not considered related to study medication. There were 7 serious adverse events, all considered unrelated to study treatment, and 3 adverse events ( Conclusions and Relevance In this open-label, nonrandomized, uncontrolled study, a high rate of SVR12 was achieved in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced noncirrhotic patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection who received 12 weeks of treatment with the oral fixed-dose regimen of daclatasvir, asunaprevir, and beclabuvir. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT01979939

Metal–Organic Frameworks as Hosts for Photochromic Guest Molecules

Abstract: Several metal-organic framework compounds (MOF-5, MIL-68(Ga), MIL-68(In), MIL-53(Al)) were loaded with azobenzene (AZB), as confirmed by XRPD measurements and elemental analysis. By IR spectroscopy, it was shown that the light-induced trans/cis isomerization of AZB in these hybrid host-guest compounds is improved compared to that of solid AZB. A population of the excited cis state up to 30% has been obtained for AZB0.66@MIL-68(In). However, no light-induced trans/cis isomerization was observed for AZB0.5@MIL-53(Al). Structural models obtained from high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction data show that AZB molecules are densely packed within the channels of MIL-53(Al) so that no trans/cis isomerization can occur. A different situation was observed for AZB in the larger channels of MIL-68(Ga). Thus, this investigation shows the influence of the host material on the switching behavior of the embedded AZB molecules.