University of Lorraine

About: University of Lorraine is a education organization based out in Nancy, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 11942 authors who have published 25010 publications receiving 425227 citations. The organization is also known as: Lorraine University.

Tunable Broadband Reflective Acoustic Metasurface

Abstract: In advancing the performance of metamaterials, key features nowadays are tunability and a wide range of operating frequencies. Here a helical acoustic metasurface, capable of providing a modulated wavefront of reflected sound with continuously tunable broadband operation, is demonstrated. The authors' matched screw-and-nut mechanism can lead to pragmatic applications of metasurfaces for three-dimensional control of sound. This concept for continuous tuning is an important step for achieving broadband, multifunctional acoustic metasurfaces, and may inspire designs featuring curved tunable, active programmable, or randomly coding metasurfaces.

Safety and efficacy of intensive blood pressure lowering after successful endovascular therapy in acute ischaemic stroke (BP-TARGET): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

Abstract: Summary Background High systolic blood pressure after successful endovascular therapy for acute ischaemic stroke is associated with increased risk of intraparenchymal haemorrhage. However, no randomised controlled trials are available to guide optimal management. We therefore aimed to assess whether an intensive systolic blood pressure target resulted in reduced rates of intraparenchymal haemorrhage compared with a standard systolic blood pressure target. Methods We did a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial at four academic hospital centres in France. Eligible individuals were adults (aged ≥18 years) with an acute ischaemic stroke due to a large-vessel occlusion that was successfully treated with endovascular therapy. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to either an intensive systolic blood pressure target group (100–129 mm Hg) or a standard care systolic blood pressure target group (130–185 mm Hg), by means of a central web-based procedure, stratified by centre and intravenous thrombolysis use before endovascular therapy. In both groups, the target systolic blood pressure had to be achieved within 1 h after randomisation and maintained for 24 h with intravenous blood pressure lowering treatments. The primary outcome was the rate of radiographic intraparenchymal haemorrhage at 24–36 h and the primary safety outcome was the occurrence of hypotension. Analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis. BP-TARGET is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , number NCT03160677 , and the trial is closed at all participating sites. Findings Between June 21, 2017, and Sept 27, 2019, 324 patients were enrolled in the four participating stroke centres: 162 patients were randomly assigned to the intensive target group and 162 to the standard target group. Four (2%) of 162 patients were excluded from the intensive target group and two (1%) of 162 from the standard target group for withdrawal of consent or legal reasons. The mean systolic blood pressure during the first 24 h after reperfusion was 128 mm Hg (SD 11) in the intensive target group and 138 mm Hg (17) in the standard target group. The primary outcome was observed in 65 (42%) of 154 patients in the intensive target group and 68 (43%) of 157 in the standard target group on brain CT within 24–36 h after reperfusion] (adjusted odds ratio 0·96, 95% CI 0·60–1·51; p=0·84). Hypotensive events were not significantly different between both groups and occurred in 12 (8%) of 158 patients in the intensive target and five (3%) of 160 in the standard target group. Mortality within the first week after randomisation occurred in 11 (7%) of 158 patients in the intensive target group and in seven (4%) of 160 in the standard target group. Interpretation An intensive systolic blood pressure target of 100–129 mm Hg after successful endovascular therapy did not reduce radiographic intraparenchymal haemorrhage rates at 24–36 h as compared with a standard care systolic blood pressure target of 130–185 mm Hg. Notably, these results are applicable to patients with successful reperfusion and systolic blood pressures of more than 130 mm Hg at the end of procedure. Further studies are needed to understand the association between blood pressure and outcomes after reperfusion. Funding French Health Ministry.

Thioglycerol-capped Mn-doped ZnS quantum dot bioconjugates as efficient two-photon fluorescent nano-probes for bioimaging

Abstract: Water-dispersible 1-thioglycerol (TG)-capped Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots were prepared in aqueous solution using the nucleation-doping strategy. Using 4% Mn relative to Zn and a Zn(OAc)2/Na2S ratio of 0.9, Mn:ZnS nanocrystals with an average diameter of 3.9 ± 0.5 nm, with pure Mn2+-related photoluminescence (PL) at 585 nm, and with a PL quantum yield of 13.2% were obtained. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, electron spin resonance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy and spectrofluorometry have been used to characterize the crystal structure, the doping status, and the optical properties of the doped-dots. Folic acid (FA) was linked to TG-capped Mn:ZnS nanocrystals to produce Mn:ZnS@TG-FA nanobioconjugates that were used for targeted in vitro delivery to a human cancer cell line. Folate receptor mediated cellular uptake of FA-functionalized dots is proven via confocal and two-photon imaging.

Efficacy and Safety of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir With and Without Ribavirin in Patients With Chronic HCV Genotype 1 Infection Receiving Opioid Substitution Therapy: Analysis of Phase 3 ION Trials

Abstract: BACKGROUND Interferon-based hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy is safe and effective among people receiving opioid substitution therapy (OST), but treatment uptake remains low. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of OST and drug use during therapy on completion, adherence, sustained virologic response (SVR12), and safety of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir ± ribavirin. METHODS The phase 3 ION studies evaluated a fixed-dose combination of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir ± ribavirin administered for 8, 12, or 24 weeks in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1. People with clinically significant drug use (prior 12 months) or noncannabinoids detected at screening by urine drug tests (not explained by prescriptions) were ineligible. Stored samples were available from ION-1 for retrospective testing for illicit drugs by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Among 1952 patients enrolled in the ION studies, 4% (n = 70) were receiving OST. Among those receiving (n = 70) and not receiving OST (n = 1882), there was no difference in treatment completion (97% vs 98%; P = .40), ≥80% adherence (93% vs 92%; P = 1.00), SVR12 (94% vs 97%; P = .28), and serious adverse events (4% vs 3%; P = .43), respectively. Among participants in the ION-1 trial, 23% (n = 196) used illicit drugs during therapy (15% cannabinoids alone; 8% other illicit drugs ± cannabinoids). There was no difference in treatment completion, ≥80% adherence, SVR12, or serious AEs in those with no drug use during treatment compared with those who used cannabinoids and/or other illicit drugs. No cases of HCV reinfection were observed in the 24 weeks following treatment. CONCLUSIONS OST and drug use during HCV therapy did not impact treatment completion, adherence, SVR12, or safety. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION ION-1 (NCT01701401); ION-2 (NCT01768286); and ION-3 (NCT01851330).