Ancestral SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells cross-recognize the Omicron variant
Yutai Gao,Curtis Cai,Alba Grifoni,Thomas R. Müller,Julia Niessl,Anna Olofsson,Marion Humbert,Lotta Hansson,Anders Österborg,Peter Bergman,Puran Chen,Annika Olsson,Johan Sundberg,Daniela Weiskopf,David Price,Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren,Annika C. Karlsson,Alessandro Sette,Soo Aleman,Marcus Buggert +19 more
TLDR
In this article , the authors report that SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells induced by prior infection or BNT162b2 vaccination provide extensive immune coverage against B.1.529.Abstract:
The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of concern (VOC) has destabilized global efforts to control the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Recent data have suggested that B.1.1.529 can readily infect people with naturally acquired or vaccine-induced immunity, facilitated in some cases by viral escape from antibodies that neutralize ancestral SARS-CoV-2. However, severe disease appears to be relatively uncommon in such individuals, highlighting a potential role for other components of the adaptive immune system. We report here that SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells induced by prior infection or BNT162b2 vaccination provide extensive immune coverage against B.1.1.529. The median relative frequencies of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4+ T cells that cross-recognized B.1.1.529 in previously infected or BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals were 84% and 91%, respectively, and the corresponding median relative frequencies for SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD8+ T cells were 70% and 92%, respectively. Pairwise comparisons across groups further revealed that SARS-CoV-2 spike-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were functionally and phenotypically similar in response to the ancestral strain or B.1.1.529. Collectively, our data indicate that established SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, especially after BNT162b2 vaccination, remain largely intact against B.1.1.529. read more
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T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike cross-recognize Omicron
Roanne Keeton,Marius Belmondo Tincho,Amkele Ngomti,Richard Baguma,N. Benede,Akiko Suzuki,Khadija Khan,Sandile Cele,Mallory Bernstein,Farina Karim,Sharon Madzorera,Thandeka Moyo-Gwete,M. Mennen,S. Skelem,M. Adriaanse,Daniel Mutithu,Olukayode O. Aremu,Cari Stek,Elsa Du Bruyn,M. A. Van Der Mescht,Zelda de Beer,T. R. de Villiers,Anne Brunhilde Bodenstein,Gretha van den Berg,Adriano Mendes,Amy Strydom,Marietjie Venter,Jennifer Giandhari,Yeshnee Naidoo,Sureshnee Pillay,Houriiyah Tegally,Alba Grifoni,Daniela Weiskopf,Alessandro Sette,Robert J. Wilkinson,Tulio de Oliveira,Linda-Gail Bekker,Glenda Gray,Veronica Ueckermann,Theresa M. Rossouw,Michael T. Boswell,Jinal N. Bhiman,Penny L. Moore,Alex Sigal,Ntobeko A.B. Ntusi,Wendy A. Burgers,Catherine Riou +46 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors assessed the ability of T cells to react to Omicron spike protein in participants who were vaccinated with Ad26.S or BNT162b2, or unvaccinated convalescent COVID-19 patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Divergent SARS CoV-2 Omicron-reactive T- and B cell responses in COVID-19 vaccine recipients
Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel,D. Geers,Katharina S. Schmitz,Anna Z Mykytyn,Mart M. Lamers,Susanne Bogers,Sandra M.J. Scherbeijn,L. Gommers,Roos S G Sablerolles,N. Nieuwkoop,Laurine C Rijsbergen,Laura J. A. van Dijk,J. de Wilde,Kimberley Alblas,Tim I Breugem,Bart J. A. Rijnders,Herbert de Jager,Daniela Weiskopf,P. H. M. van der Kuy,Alessandro Sette,Marion Koopmans,Alba Grifoni,Bart L. Haagmans,Rory D. de Vries +23 more
TL;DR: This study shows that vaccinated individuals retain T cell immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, potentially balancing the lack of neutralizing antibodies in preventing or limiting severe COVID-19 cases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Humoral and cellular immune memory to four COVID-19 vaccines
Zeli Zhang,Jose Mateus,Camila H. Coelho,Jennifer M. Dan,Carolyn Rydyznski Moderbacher,Rosa Isela Gálvez,Fernanda Heloise Côrtes,Alba Grifoni,Alison Tarke,James Chang,E. A. Escarrega,Christina Kim,Benjamin Goodwin,Nathan Bloom,April Frazier,Daniela Weiskopf,Alessandro Sette,Shane Crotty +17 more
TL;DR: In this paper , head-to-head comparisons of T cell, B cell, and antibody responses to diverse vaccines in humans are likely to be informative for understanding protective immunity against COVID-19, with particular interest in immune memory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immune boosting by B.1.1.529 (Omicron) depends on previous SARS-CoV-2 exposure
Catherine J. Reynolds,Corinna Pade,Joseph Gibbons,Diana Munoz Sandoval,George Joy,Nasim Forooghi,Charlotte Manisty,James C. Moon,Rosemary J. Boyton,Hakam Abbass,Aderonke Abiodun,Mashael Alfarih,Zoe Alldis,Daniel M. Altmann,Oliver E. Amin,Mervyn Andiapen,Jessica Artico,João B Augusto,Georgina L Baca,Sasha N. L. Bailey,Anish N Bhuva,Alex Boulter,Ruth Bowles,Olivia V Bracken,Ben O’Brien,Tim Brooks,Natalie Bullock,David Butler,Gabriella Captur,Olivia Carr,Nicola Champion,Carmen Chan,Aneesh Chandran,Tom Coleman,Jorge Couto de Sousa,Xose Couto-Parada,Eleanor Cross,Teresa Cutino-Moguel,Silvia D'Arcangelo,Rhodri H Davies,Brooke Douglas,Cecilia Di Genova,Keenan Dieobi-Anene,Mariana O. Diniz,Ana Gabriela Aguilar Ellis,Karen Feehan,M. Finlay,Marianna Fontana,Sasha Francis,David Gillespie,Derek W. Gilroy,Matt Hamblin,Gabriella Harker,Georgia C. Hemingway,Jacqueline Hewson,Wendy E. Heywood,Lauren M. Hickling,Bethany Hicks,Aroon D. Hingorani,Lee Howes,Ivie Itua,Victor Jardim,Wing-Yiu Jason Lee,Melanie Jensen,Jessica Jones,Meleri Jones,V. S. Kapil,Caoimhe Kelly,H. Kurdi,Jonathan Lambourne,Kai-Min Lin,Siyi Liu,Aaron Lloyd,Sarah Louth,Mala K. Maini,Vineela Mandadapu,Áine McKnight,Katia Menacho,C. Mfuko,Kevin Mills,Sebastian Millward,Oliver Mitchelmore,Christopher William Moon,Sam M. Murray,Mahdad Noursadeghi,Ashley Otter,Susana Palma,Ruth Parker,Kush Patel,Mihaela Pawarova,Steffen E. Petersen,Brian Piniera,Franziska P Pieper,Lisa Rannigan,Alicja Rapala,Amy Richards,Matthew Robathan,Joshua Rosenheim,Cathy Rowe,M Royds,Jane Sackville West,Genine Sambile,Nathalie Schmidt,Hannah Selman,Amanda Semper,Andreas Seraphim,Mihaela Simion,Angelique Smit,Michelle Sugimoto,Leo Swadling,Stephen Taylor,Nigel J. Temperton,Stephen Thomas,George Douglas Thornton,Thomas A. Treibel,Arthur Tucker,A. Varghese,Jessry Veerapen,Mohit Vijayakumar,Time Warner,Sophie Welch,Hannah White,Theresa Wodehouse,Lucinda Wynne,Dan Zahedi,Benjamin M. Chain +125 more
TL;DR: B and T cell immunity against previous variants of concern was enhanced in triple vaccinated individuals, but magnitude of T and B cell responses against B.1.1 .1.529 spike protein was reduced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of the SARS‐CoV‐2 omicron variants BA.1 to BA.5: Implications for immune escape and transmission
TL;DR: The theories that have been proposed on the evolution of Omicron including zoonotic spillage, infection in immunocompromised individuals and cryptic spread in the community without being diagnosed are examined.
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