Institution
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
Facility•Birmensdorf, Switzerland•
About: Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research is a facility organization based out in Birmensdorf, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Climate change & Soil water. The organization has 1256 authors who have published 3222 publications receiving 161639 citations. The organization is also known as: WSL.
Topics: Climate change, Soil water, Geology, Biodiversity, Environmental science
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors reanalyzed dia-positives of the original aerial photographs of 1959, -69, -80, -90 and -99 based on consistent photogrammetric processing.
Abstract: Storglaci¨ aren, located in the Kebnekaise massif in northern Sweden, has a long history of glaciological re- search. Early photo documentations date back to the late 19th century. Measurements of front position variations and distributed mass balance have been carried out since 1910 and 1945/46, respectively. In addition to these in-situ mea- surements, aerial photographs have been taken at decadal intervals since the beginning of the mass balance monitor- ing program and were used to produce topographic glacier maps. Inaccuracies in the maps were a challenge to early attempts to derive glacier volume changes and resulted in major differences when compared to the direct glaciological mass balances. In this study, we reanalyzed dia-positives of the original aerial photographs of 1959, -69, -80, -90 and -99 based on consistent photogrammetric processing. From the resulting digital elevation models and orthophotos, changes in length, area, and volume of Storglaci ¨ aren were computed
121 citations
TL;DR: These findings show that IADF characterization can provide information about the relationship between environmental factors and tree growth at the seasonal level and is a promising way for dating problematic wood samples and interpreting the phenomena that trigger the formation of IADFs in the Mediterranean environment.
Abstract: Woody species in Mediterranean ecosystems form intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs) in tree rings in response to changes in environmental conditions, especially water availability. Dendrochronology, quantitative wood anatomy and high-resolution isotopic analysis (using a laser ablation technique) were used to characterize IADFs in Arbutus unedo shrubs grown on two sites with different water availability on the island of Elba (Italy). Our findings show that IADF characterization can provide information about the relationship between environmental factors and tree growth at the seasonal level. At the more xeric site, IADFs mainly located in the early and middle parts of the annual ring, showed a decrease in vessel size and an increase in δ(13) C as a result of drought deficit. Opposite trends were found at the more mesic site, with IADFs located at the end of the ring and associated with a lower δ(13) C. Moreover, at the first site, IADFs are induced by drought deficit, while at the second site IADFs are linked with the regrowth in the last part of the growing season triggered by favourable wet conditions. This combined approach is a promising way for dating problematic wood samples and interpreting the phenomena that trigger the formation of IADFs in the Mediterranean environment.
121 citations
TL;DR: Sphagnum mosses collected from a herbarium and collected recently from a peat bog surface, were used to assess the isotopic character of past and recent atmospheric Pb deposition in Switzerland and to constrain possible Pb sources as mentioned in this paper.
120 citations
King's College London1, University at Buffalo2, Goddard Space Flight Center3, University of Bremen4, University of Oslo5, University of Alaska Fairbanks6, Université libre de Bruxelles7, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research8, Utrecht University9, California Institute of Technology10, University of Grenoble11, University of Edinburgh12, University of California, San Diego13, University of St Andrews14, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis15, University of Leeds16, University of Tokyo17, University of Reading18, Met Office19, National Center for Atmospheric Research20, University of Bristol21, Université Paris-Saclay22, Goddard Institute for Space Studies23, Columbia University24, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research25, Victoria University of Wellington26, Los Alamos National Laboratory27, Colorado State University28, Hokkaido University29, University of California, Irvine30, Universities Space Research Association31, University of Liège32, Nagoya University33, Australian Antarctic Division34, University of Tasmania35, University of Lapland36, Norwegian Polar Institute37, University of Tromsø38, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research39, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research40, ETH Zurich41, University of Fribourg42, Vrije Universiteit Brussel43, GNS Science44, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory45, University of Innsbruck46, University of Liverpool47, University of British Columbia48, Carnegie Mellon University49, Memorial University of Newfoundland50, Pennsylvania State University51, University of Potsdam52, Beijing Normal University53, CSC – IT Center for Science54
TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate probability distributions for these projections under the new scenarios using statistical emulation of the ice sheet and glacier models, and find that limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius would halve the land ice contribution to twenty-first-century sea level rise, relative to current emissions pledges.
Abstract: The land ice contribution to global mean sea level rise has not yet been predicted1 using ice sheet and glacier models for the latest set of socio-economic scenarios, nor using coordinated exploration of uncertainties arising from the various computer models involved. Two recent international projects generated a large suite of projections using multiple models2,3,4,5,6,7,8, but primarily used previous-generation scenarios9 and climate models10, and could not fully explore known uncertainties. Here we estimate probability distributions for these projections under the new scenarios11,12 using statistical emulation of the ice sheet and glacier models. We find that limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius would halve the land ice contribution to twenty-first-century sea level rise, relative to current emissions pledges. The median decreases from 25 to 13 centimetres sea level equivalent (SLE) by 2100, with glaciers responsible for half the sea level contribution. The projected Antarctic contribution does not show a clear response to the emissions scenario, owing to uncertainties in the competing processes of increasing ice loss and snowfall accumulation in a warming climate. However, under risk-averse (pessimistic) assumptions, Antarctic ice loss could be five times higher, increasing the median land ice contribution to 42 centimetres SLE under current policies and pledges, with the 95th percentile projection exceeding half a metre even under 1.5 degrees Celsius warming. This would severely limit the possibility of mitigating future coastal flooding. Given this large range (between 13 centimetres SLE using the main projections under 1.5 degrees Celsius warming and 42 centimetres SLE using risk-averse projections under current pledges), adaptation planning for twenty-first-century sea level rise must account for a factor-of-three uncertainty in the land ice contribution until climate policies and the Antarctic response are further constrained.
120 citations
Masaryk University1, Sapienza University of Rome2, Hungarian Academy of Sciences3, University of Bayreuth4, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences5, NatureServe6, University of Trieste7, University of Northern Colorado8, Complutense University of Madrid9, University of Franche-Comté10, University of Greifswald11, University of the Basque Country12, University of Western Australia13, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill14, Montana State University15, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic16, Radboud University Nijmegen17, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology18, University of Geneva19, University of Alaska Fairbanks20, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research21, Landcare Research22
TL;DR: A framework to facilitate comparisons between broad-scale plot-based classification approaches, based on the distinction of four structural elements (plot record, vegetation type, consistent classification section and classification system) and two procedural elements (classification protocol and classification approach).
Abstract: Aims: Classification of vegetation is an essential tool to
describe, understand, predict and manage biodiversity. Given
the multiplicity of approaches to classify vegetation, it is
important to develop international consensus around a set of
general guidelines and purpose-specific standard protocols.
Before these goals can be achieved, however, it is necessary to
identify and understand the different choices that are made
during the process of classifying vegetation. This paper
presents a framework to facilitate comparisons between
broad-scale plot-based classification approaches. -- Results:
Our framework is based on the distinction of four structural
elements (plot record, vegetation type, consistent
classification section and classification system) and two
procedural elements (classification protocol and classification
approach). For each element we describe essential properties
that can be used for comparisons. We also review alternative
choices regarding critical decisions of classification
approaches; with a special focus on the procedures used to
define vegetation types from plot records. We illustrate our
comparative framework by applying it to different broad-scale
classification approaches. -- Conclusions: Our framework will
be useful for understanding and comparing plot-based vegetation
classification approaches, as well as for integrating
classification systems and their sections.
120 citations
Authors
Showing all 1333 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peter H. Verburg | 107 | 464 | 34254 |
| Bernhard Schmid | 103 | 460 | 46419 |
| Christian Körner | 103 | 376 | 39637 |
| André S. H. Prévôt | 90 | 511 | 38599 |
| Fortunat Joos | 87 | 276 | 36951 |
| Niklaus E. Zimmermann | 80 | 277 | 39364 |
| Robert Huber | 78 | 311 | 25131 |
| David Frank | 78 | 186 | 18624 |
| Jan Esper | 75 | 254 | 19280 |
| James W. Kirchner | 73 | 238 | 21958 |
| David B. Roy | 70 | 250 | 26241 |
| Emmanuel Frossard | 68 | 356 | 15281 |
| Derek Eamus | 67 | 285 | 17317 |
| Benjamin Poulter | 66 | 255 | 22519 |
| Ulf Büntgen | 65 | 316 | 15876 |