Institution
University of New Hampshire
Education•Durham, New Hampshire, United States•
About: University of New Hampshire is a education organization based out in Durham, New Hampshire, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Solar wind. The organization has 9379 authors who have published 24025 publications receiving 1020112 citations. The organization is also known as: UNH.
Topics: Population, Solar wind, Poison control, Magnetosphere, Heliosphere
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Findings indicated that over time, the experience of positive emotions functions to assist high-resilient individuals in their ability to recover effectively from daily stress.
Abstract: In 3 studies, the authors investigated the functional role of psychological resilience and positive emotions in the stress process. Studies 1a and 1b explored naturally occurring daily stressors. Study 2 examined data from a sample of recently bereaved widows. Across studies, multilevel random coefficient modeling analyses revealed that the occurrence of daily positive emotions serves to moderate stress reactivity and mediate stress recovery. Findings also indicated that differences in psychological resilience accounted for meaningful variation in daily emotional responses to stress. Higher levels of trait resilience predicted a weaker association between positive and negative emotions, particularly on days characterized by heightened stress. Finally, findings indicated that over time, the experience of positive emotions functions to assist high-resilient individuals in their ability to recover effectively from daily stress. Implications for research into protective factors that serve to inhibit the scope, severity, and diffusion of daily stressors in later adulthood are discussed.
1,209 citations
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TL;DR: The solar wind experiment (SWE) on the WIND spacecraft is a comprehensive, integrated set of sensors which is designed to investigate outstanding problems in solar wind physics as discussed by the authors, which consists of two Faraday cup (FC) sensors; a vector electron and ion spectrometer (VEIS); a strahl sensor, which is especially configured to study the electron ‘strahl’ close to the magnetic field direction; and an on-board calibration system.
Abstract: The Solar Wind Experiment (SWE) on the WIND spacecraft is a comprehensive, integrated set of sensors which is designed to investigate outstanding problems in solar wind physics. It consists of two Faraday cup (FC) sensors; a vector electron and ion spectrometer (VEIS); a strahl sensor, which is especially configured to study the electron ‘strahl’ close to the magnetic field direction; and an on-board calibration system. The energy/charge range of the Faraday cups is 150 V to 8 kV, and that of the VEIS is 7 V to 24.8 kV. The time resolution depends on the operational mode used, but can be of the order of a few seconds for 3-D measurements. ‘Key parameters’ which broadly characterize the solar wind positive ion velocity distribution function will be made available rapidly from the GGS Central Data Handling Facility.
1,206 citations
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Indiana University1, University of Notre Dame2, Utah State University3, University of New Hampshire4, University of California, Santa Barbara5, University of Tokyo6, United States Department of Energy7, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich8, J. Craig Venter Institute9, National Institutes of Health10, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign11, Hebrew University of Jerusalem12, University of North Texas13, Harvard University14, Research Institute of Molecular Pathology15, University of Geneva16, Oregon State University17, Utrecht University18, University of California, Davis19, Hoffmann-La Roche20, University of Iowa21, University of Strasbourg22, University of Washington23, University of Texas at Arlington24, University of California, Santa Cruz25, Life Technologies26, New York University27, University of Guelph28, Imperial College London29, University of California, Berkeley30
TL;DR: The Daphnia genome reveals a multitude of genes and shows adaptation through gene family expansions, and the coexpansion of gene families interacting within metabolic pathways suggests that the maintenance of duplicated genes is not random.
Abstract: We describe the draft genome of the microcrustacean Daphnia pulex, which is only 200 megabases and contains at least 30,907 genes. The high gene count is a consequence of an elevated rate of gene duplication resulting in tandem gene clusters. More than a third of Daphnia's genes have no detectable homologs in any other available proteome, and the most amplified gene families are specific to the Daphnia lineage. The coexpansion of gene families interacting within metabolic pathways suggests that the maintenance of duplicated genes is not random, and the analysis of gene expression under different environmental conditions reveals that numerous paralogs acquire divergent expression patterns soon after duplication. Daphnia-specific genes, including many additional loci within sequenced regions that are otherwise devoid of annotations, are the most responsive genes to ecological challenges.
1,204 citations
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University of Tennessee1, Oak Ridge National Laboratory2, University of Georgia3, University of Wyoming4, Michigan State University5, Marine Biological Laboratory6, University of Notre Dame7, Oregon State University8, University of New Mexico9, Kansas State University10, Arizona State University11, United States Department of Agriculture12, University of New Hampshire13, Virginia Tech14, Washington State University Vancouver15, Ball State University16
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that excess nitrate in streams elicits a disproportionate increase in the fraction of nitrate that is exported to receiving waters and reduces the relative role of small versus large streams as nitrate sinks.
Abstract: About a quarter of the nitrogen added to the biosphere is exported from rivers to the ocean or inland basins, indicating substantial sinks for nitrogen must exist in the landscape. Data from nitrogen stable isotope tracer experiments across 72 streams suggests that the total uptake of nitrate is related to ecosystem photosynthesis, and that denitrification is related to ecosystem respiration. A stream network model demonstrates that excess nitrate in streams elicits a disproportionate increase in the fraction of nitrate that is exported to receiving waters and reduces the relative role of small versus large streams as nitrate sinks. Anthropogenic addition of bioavailable nitrogen to the biosphere is increasing1,2 and terrestrial ecosystems are becoming increasingly nitrogen-saturated3, causing more bioavailable nitrogen to enter groundwater and surface waters4,5,6. Large-scale nitrogen budgets show that an average of about 20–25 per cent of the nitrogen added to the biosphere is exported from rivers to the ocean or inland basins7,8, indicating that substantial sinks for nitrogen must exist in the landscape9. Streams and rivers may themselves be important sinks for bioavailable nitrogen owing to their hydrological connections with terrestrial systems, high rates of biological activity, and streambed sediment environments that favour microbial denitrification6,10,11. Here we present data from nitrogen stable isotope tracer experiments across 72 streams and 8 regions representing several biomes. We show that total biotic uptake and denitrification of nitrate increase with stream nitrate concentration, but that the efficiency of biotic uptake and denitrification declines as concentration increases, reducing the proportion of in-stream nitrate that is removed from transport. Our data suggest that the total uptake of nitrate is related to ecosystem photosynthesis and that denitrification is related to ecosystem respiration. In addition, we use a stream network model to demonstrate that excess nitrate in streams elicits a disproportionate increase in the fraction of nitrate that is exported to receiving waters and reduces the relative role of small versus large streams as nitrate sinks.
1,193 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a new conceptual model that explicitly identifies the processes controlling soil organic matter availability for decomposition and allows a more explicit description of the factors regulating OM decomposition under different circumstances is presented.
Abstract: The response of soil organic matter (OM) decomposition to increasing temperature is a critical aspect of ecosystem responses to global change The impacts of climate warming on decomposition dynamics have not been resolved due to apparently contradictory results from field and lab experiments, most of which has focused on labile carbon with short turnover times But the majority of total soil carbon stocks are comprised of organic carbon with turnover times of decades to centuries Understanding the response of these carbon pools to climate change is essential for forecasting longer-term changes in soil carbon storage Herein, we briefly synthesize information from recent studies that have been conducted using a wide variety of approaches In our effort to understand research to-date, we derive a new conceptual model that explicitly identifies the processes controlling soil OM availability for decomposition and allows a more explicit description of the factors regulating OM decomposition under different circumstances It explicitly defines resistance of soil OM to decomposition as being due either to its chemical conformation (quality )o r its physico-chemical protection from decomposition The former is embodied in the depolymerization process, the latter by adsorption/desorption and aggregate turnover We hypothesize a strong role for variation in temperature sensitivity as a function of reaction rates for both We conclude that important advances in understanding the temperature response of the processes that control substrate availability, depolymerization, microbial efficiency, and enzyme production will be needed to predict the fate of soil carbon stocks in a warmer world
1,175 citations
Authors
Showing all 9489 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Derek R. Lovley | 168 | 582 | 95315 |
Peter B. Reich | 159 | 790 | 110377 |
Jerry M. Melillo | 134 | 383 | 68894 |
Katja Klein | 129 | 1499 | 87817 |
David Finkelhor | 117 | 382 | 58094 |
Howard A. Stone | 114 | 1033 | 64855 |
James O. Hill | 113 | 532 | 69636 |
Tadayuki Takahashi | 112 | 932 | 57501 |
Howard Eichenbaum | 108 | 279 | 44172 |
John D. Aber | 107 | 204 | 48500 |
Andrew W. Strong | 99 | 563 | 42475 |
Charles T. Driscoll | 97 | 554 | 37355 |
Andrew D. Richardson | 94 | 282 | 32850 |
Colin A. Chapman | 92 | 491 | 28217 |
Nicholas W. Lukacs | 91 | 367 | 34057 |