Journal ArticleDOI
T-cell quality in memory and protection: implications for vaccine design
TLDR
The importance of using multiparameter flow cytometry to better understand the functional capacity of effector and memory T-cell responses, thereby enabling the development of preventative and therapeutic vaccine strategies for infections is highlighted.Abstract:
T cells mediate effector functions through a variety of mechanisms. Recently, multiparameter flow cytometry has allowed a simultaneous assessment of the phenotype and multiple effector functions of single T cells; the delineation of T cells into distinct functional populations defines the quality of the response. New evidence suggests that the quality of T-cell responses is crucial for determining the disease outcome to various infections. This Review highlights the importance of using multiparameter flow cytometry to better understand the functional capacity of effector and memory T-cell responses, thereby enabling the development of preventative and therapeutic vaccine strategies for infections.read more
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A comparative analysis of polyfunctional T cells and secreted cytokines induced by Bacille Calmette-Guérin immunisation in children and adults.
Nicole Ritz,Nicole Ritz,Madeleine Strach,Carmen Yau,Binita Dutta,Marc Tebruegge,Marc Tebruegge,Tom G Connell,Tom G Connell,Willem A. Hanekom,Warwick J. Britton,Warwick J. Britton,Roy M. Robins-Browne,Nigel Curtis,Nigel Curtis +14 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the mycobacterial-specific cell-mediated immune response induced by BCG immunisation in children and adults is similar and a shift to a more polyfunctional immune response within the Th1-cytokine-producing CD4 T cells in children is uncertain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formulation in DDA-MPLA-TDB Liposome Enhances the Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a DNA Vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Abstract: Despite the vaccine Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin is used worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) remains the first killer among infectious diseases. An effective vaccine is urgently required. DNA vaccine has shown prophylactic as well as therapeutic effects against TB, while its weak immunogenicity hinders the application. As a strong inducer of Th1-biased immune response, DMT, consisting of dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) and two pattern recognition receptor agonists monophosphoryl lipid A and trehalose 6,6'-dibehenate (TDB), was a newly developed liposomal adjuvant. To elucidate the action mechanism of DMT and improve immunological effects induced by DNA vaccine, a new recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pCMFO that secretes the fusion of four multistage antigens (Rv2875, Rv3044, Rv2073c, and Rv0577) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was constructed. pCMFO/DDA and pCMFO/DMT complexes were then prepared and their physicochemical properties were analyzed. The immunogenicity and protection against M. tuberculosis infection in vaccinated C57BL/6 mice were compared. Formulation of DNA and two agonists into the DDA liposome decreased zeta potential but increased the stability of storage, which resulted in a slower and longer-lasting release of DNA from the DNA-DMT complex than the DNA-DDA liposome. Besides Th1-biased responses, pCMFO/DMT vaccinated mice elicited more significantly CFMO-specific IL2+ TCM cell responses in the spleen and provided an enhanced and persistent protection against M. tuberculosis aerosol infection, compared to pCMFO/DDA and pCMFO groups. Therefore, the adjuvant DMT can release DNA and agonists slowly, which might attribute to the improved protection of DMT adjuvanted vaccines. pCMFO/DMT, a very promising TB vaccine, warrants for further preclinical and clinical trials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aged Mice Exhibit a Severely Diminished CD8 T Cell Response Following Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
TL;DR: A decrease in the capacity of aged mice to induce a high-magnitude acute CD8 T cell response, leading to prolonged viral replication, which may contribute to the increased disease severity of RSV infection observed for aged individuals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in pigs following primary and challenge-exposure to Lawsonia intracellularis
TL;DR: The results indicate that cell-mediated immune responses are likely mediators of protective immunity against L. intracellularis, with CD8+ effector cells and CD4+CD8+ double positive memory T cells as main contributors to the antigen-specific IFN-γ production.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of pandemic influenza immune memory signature after vaccination or infection
Olivia Bonduelle,Fabrice Carrat,Charles-Edouard Luyt,Catherine Leport,Anne Mosnier,Nora Benhabiles,Anne Krivine,Flore Rozenberg,Nora Yahia,Assia Samri,Dominique Rousset,Sylvie van der Werf,Brigitte Autran,Béhazine Combadière +13 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that there are substantial similarities between the antiinfluenza response that mildly ill and vaccinated individuals develop and that this immune memory signature is different from that seen in severely ill individuals.
References
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Journal Article
Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins.
TL;DR: A panel of antigen-specific mouse helper T cell clones was characterized according to patterns of lymphokine activity production, and two types of T cell were distinguished.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two subsets of memory T lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions
TL;DR: It is shown that expression of CCR7, a chemokine receptor that controls homing to secondary lymphoid organs, divides human memory T cells into two functionally distinct subsets, which are named central memory (TCM) and effector memory (TEM).
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of RANTES, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β as the Major HIV-Suppressive Factors Produced by CD8+ T Cells
Fiorenza Cocchi,Anthony L. DeVico,Alfredo Garzino-Demo,Suresh K. Arya,Robert C. Gallo,Paolo Lusso +5 more
TL;DR: Recombinant human RANTES, Mip-1α, and MIP-1β induced a dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and may have relevance for the prevention and therapy of AIDS.
Journal ArticleDOI
An essential role for interferon gamma in resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
JoAnne L. Flynn,John Chan,Karla J. Triebold,Dyana K. Dalton,Timothy A. Stewart,Barry R. Bloom +5 more
TL;DR: Gko mice have been developed which fail to produce IFN-gamma (gko), because of a targeted disruption of the gene for IFNs, and succumb to a rapid and fatal course of tuberculosis that could be delayed, but not prevented, by treatment with exogenous recombinant IFN.
Journal ArticleDOI
Subsets of human dendritic cell precursors express different toll-like receptors and respond to different microbial antigens.
Norimitsu Kadowaki,Stephen Ho,Svetlana Antonenko,Rene de Waal Malefyt,Robert A. Kastelein,J. Fernando Bazan,Yong-Jun Liu +6 more
TL;DR: The expression of distinct sets of TLRs and the corresponding difference in reactivity to microbial molecules among subsets of pre-DCs and imDCs support the concept that they have developed through distinct evolutionary pathways to recognize different microbial antigens.