Journal ArticleDOI
T-cell quality in memory and protection: implications for vaccine design
TLDR
The importance of using multiparameter flow cytometry to better understand the functional capacity of effector and memory T-cell responses, thereby enabling the development of preventative and therapeutic vaccine strategies for infections is highlighted.Abstract:
T cells mediate effector functions through a variety of mechanisms. Recently, multiparameter flow cytometry has allowed a simultaneous assessment of the phenotype and multiple effector functions of single T cells; the delineation of T cells into distinct functional populations defines the quality of the response. New evidence suggests that the quality of T-cell responses is crucial for determining the disease outcome to various infections. This Review highlights the importance of using multiparameter flow cytometry to better understand the functional capacity of effector and memory T-cell responses, thereby enabling the development of preventative and therapeutic vaccine strategies for infections.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Vaccination with ALVAC and AIDSVAX to Prevent HIV-1 Infection in Thailand
Supachai Rerks-Ngarm,Punnee Pitisuttithum,Sorachai Nitayaphan,Jaranit Kaewkungwal,Joseph Chiu,Robert Paris,Nakorn Premsri,Chawetsan Namwat,Mark de Souza,Elizabeth Adams,Michael Benenson,Sanjay Gurunathan,Jim Tartaglia,John G. McNeil,Donald P. Francis,Donald Stablein,Deborah L. Birx,Supamit Chunsuttiwat,Chirasak Khamboonruang,Prasert Thongcharoen,Merlin L. Robb,Nelson L. Michael,Prayura Kunasol,Jerome H. Kim +23 more
TL;DR: This ALVAC-HIV and AIDSVAX B/E vaccine regimen may reduce the risk of HIV infection in a community-based population with largely heterosexual risk and offer insight for future research.
Journal ArticleDOI
mTOR regulates memory CD8 T-cell differentiation
Koichi Araki,Alexandra P. Turner,Virginia O. Shaffer,Shivaprakash Gangappa,Susanne A. Keller,Martin F. Bachmann,Christian P. Larsen,Rafi Ahmed +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin, also known as FRAP1) is a major regulator of memory CD8 T-cell differentiation, and in contrast to what was expected, the immunosuppressive drug Rapamycin has immunostimulatory effects on the generation of memoryCD8 T cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Production of interleukin 22 but not interleukin 17 by a subset of human skin-homing memory T cells
TL;DR: The differentiation of T cells producing only IL-22 was efficiently induced in naive T cells by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in an IL-6- and tumor necrosis factor–dependent way and delineate a previously unknown subset of human CD4+ effector T cells dedicated to skin pathophysiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
SPICE: exploration and analysis of post-cytometric complex multivariate datasets.
TL;DR: Algorithms and a graphical interface originally developed to support the analysis of T cell functional profiles are reported on and a statistic for the nonparametric comparison of complex distributions to test for difference between groups of samples based on multi‐component measurements is defined.
Journal ArticleDOI
HIV-1 vaccine-induced immunity in the test-of-concept Step Study: a case–cohort analysis
M. Juliana McElrath,M. Juliana McElrath,Stephen C. De Rosa,Stephen C. De Rosa,Zoe Moodie,Sheri Dubey,Lisa Kierstead,Holly Janes,Olivier D. Defawe,Donald K. Carter,John Hural,Rama Akondy,Susan Buchbinder,Michael N. Robertson,Devan V. Mehrotra,Steven G. Self,Steven G. Self,Lawrence Corey,Lawrence Corey,John W. Shiver,Danilo R. Casimiro +20 more
TL;DR: Consistent with previous trials, the MRKAd5 HIV-1 gag/pol/nef vaccine was highly immunogenic for inducing HIV-specific CD8+ T cells and suggest that future candidate vaccines have to elicit responses that either exceed in magnitude or differ in breadth or function from those recorded in this trial.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Heterogeneity of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells.
TL;DR: This work has shown that T-cell populations display additional diversity in terms of phenotype, anatomical distribution and effector function in relation to antigen.
Journal ArticleDOI
HIV-1–specific cytotoxicity is preferentially mediated by a subset of CD8+ T cells producing both interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor–α
Mathias Lichterfeld,Xu G. Yu,Michael T. Waring,Stanley K. Mui,Mary N. Johnston,Danny Cohen,Marylyn M. Addo,John Zaunders,Galit Alter,Eunice Pae,Daryld Strick,Todd M. Allen,Eric S. Rosenberg,Bruce D. Walker,Marcus Altfeld +14 more
TL;DR: Compared the cytokine secretion patterns and cytotoxic capacity of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells, using a flow-cytometric cytotoxicity assay based on caspase-3 activation in dying target cells, results suggest that HIV- 1-specific cytot toxicity of CD8- T cells is preferentially mediated by a subset ofCD8+T cells secreting both interferon-γ and TNF-α.
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Maintenance of HIV-Specific CD4+ T Cell Help Distinguishes HIV-2 from HIV-1 Infection
Melody G. Duvall,Melody G. Duvall,Assan Jaye,Tao Dong,Jason M. Brenchley,Abraham Alabi,Don Jeffries,M A B van der Sande,Toyin Togun,Samuel J. McConkey,Daniel C. Douek,Andrew J. McMichael,Hilton Whittle,Richard A. Koup,Sarah Rowland-Jones +14 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that HIV-2-infected donors have a well-preserved and functionally heterogeneous HIV-specific memory CD4+ T cell response that is associated with delayed disease progression in the majority of infected people.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multifunctional Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Gag-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Responses in Rectal Mucosa and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells during Chronic HIV Type 1 Infection
J. William Critchfield,Donna Lemongello,Digna H. Walker,Juan Carlos Garcia,David M. Asmuth,Richard B. Pollard,Barbara L. Shacklett +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that rectal CD8+ T cells are capable of robust and varied HIV-1-specific responses and therefore likely play an active role in eliminating infected cells during chronic infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
PPD induced in vitro interferon gamma production is not a reliable correlate of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
TL;DR: The results show that BCG vaccination does provide substantial protection against challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but despite previous compelling evidence that Th1 type immune responses are essential for TB immunity, the magnitude of in vitro purified protein derivative (PPD)-specific IFN-gamma production assessed during the course of TB infection did not correlate with protection.