Journal ArticleDOI
Cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease
TLDR
The role of cytokines produced by innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as their relevance to the future therapy of IBD are discussed.Abstract:
Erroneous communication between the innate and adaptive immune systems through cytokines results in exaggerated or attenuated immune response. It is not known whether the pathologic immune response in inflammatory bowel disease has its origin in a dysbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine release or whether it is secondary in subsequence of a defective intestinal barrier or the destructive power of aggressive microbiota in the gut lumen.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Immunopathogenesis of IBD: current state of the art
TL;DR: Current knowledge of the classic immune components are reviewed and the concept of IBD immunopathogenesis is expanded to include various cells, mediators and pathways that have not been traditionally associated with disease mechanisms, but that profoundly affect the overall intestinal inflammatory process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping long-range promoter contacts in human cells with high-resolution capture Hi-C
Borbala Mifsud,Filipe Tavares-Cadete,Alice N Young,Robert Sugar,Stefan Schoenfelder,Lauren Ferreira,Steven W. Wingett,Simon Andrews,William Grey,Philip Ewels,Bram Herman,Scott Happe,Andy Higgs,Emily M LeProust,George A. Follows,Peter Fraser,Nicholas M. Luscombe,Cameron S. Osborne +17 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors use Capture Hi-C (CHi-C) to examine the long-range interactions of almost 22,000 promoters in 2 human blood cell types and identify over 1.6 million shared and cell type-restricted interactions spanning hundreds of kilobases between promoters and distal loci.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemically induced mouse models of acute and chronic intestinal inflammation
Stefan Wirtz,Vanessa Popp,Markus Kindermann,Katharina Gerlach,Benno Weigmann,Stefan Fichtner-Feigl,Markus F. Neurath +6 more
TL;DR: This protocol update describes an adaptation of the existing protocol that modifies the technique that has been used to generate improved mouse models that better reflect the nature of IBDs in humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contributions of microbiome and mechanical deformation to intestinal bacterial overgrowth and inflammation in a human gut-on-a-chip
TL;DR: This in vitro model replicated results from past animal and human studies, including demonstration that probiotic and antibiotic therapies can suppress villus injury induced by pathogenic bacteria and proof-of-principle to show that the microfluidic gut-on-a-chip device can be used to create human intestinal disease models and gain new insights into gut pathophysiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Type 2 immunity in tissue repair and fibrosis
TL;DR: The mechanisms by which type 2 immunity contributes to tissue regeneration and fibrosis following injury are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease
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TL;DR: A meta-analysis of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis genome-wide association scans is undertaken, followed by extensive validation of significant findings, with a combined total of more than 75,000 cases and controls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Induction of Intestinal Th17 Cells by Segmented Filamentous Bacteria
Ivaylo I. Ivanov,Koji Atarashi,Nicolas Manel,Eoin L. Brodie,Tatsuichiro Shima,Ulas Karaoz,Dongguang Wei,Katherine C. Goldfarb,Clark A. Santee,Susan V. Lynch,Takeshi Tanoue,Akemi Imaoka,Kikuji Itoh,Kiyoshi Takeda,Yoshinori Umesaki,Kenya Honda,Dan R. Littman +16 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that colonisation of mice with a segmented filamentous bacterium (SFB) is sufficient to induce the appearance of CD4+ T helper cells that produce IL-17 and IL-22 (Th17 cells) in the lamina propria.
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